Enhanced Antitumor Efficacy of Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Therapy Through Keratin-Mediated Delivery in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents an aggressive subtype characterized by high rates of recurrence and metastasis, necessitating the exploration of alternative treatment strategies. Oncolytic vaccinia virus (OVV) therapy has emerged as a promising approach, selectively infecting and destroying tumor cells. However, its efficacy is often hampered by inadequate viral distribution within the tumor microenvironment.

Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease Using Plasma Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 in Small-Breed Dogs: A Retrospective Pilot Study.

Multiple diagnostic modalities are urgently needed to identify early-stage kidney diseases. Various molecules have been investigated; however, most studies have focused on identifying specific biomarkers in urine. Considering that assessing the symmetrical dimethylarginine (SDMA) plasma concentration is more suitable as an early diagnostic test for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in routine veterinary practice, we aimed to investigate the clinical usefulness of plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (pNGAL) and plasma kidney injury molecule-1 (pKIM-1) concentrations for CKD detection in small-breed dogs.

Oat ( L.) Sprouts Restore Skin Barrier Function by Modulating the Expression of the Epidermal Differentiation Complex in Models of Skin Irritation.

Oats ( L.) are used as therapeutic plants, particularly in dermatology. Despite numerous studies on their skin moisturization, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation effects, the precise molecular mechanisms of these effects are only partially understood.

Adjuvant therapy with imatinib for an incompletely resected multilobular tumour of bone in a dog.

A 5-year-old neutered male Shiba Inu dog presented with a history of oral bleeding, dysphagia, and depression for 3 weeks. The physical examination revealed a firm mass in the right caudal palatal region along the level of PM4-M2. On the computed tomography, the mass was round-to-oval in shape and 22 mm × 30 mm × 15 mm in size.

Effect of Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Bioscaffolds Derived from Fibroblasts on Skin Wound Healing and Remodeling.

The mammalian tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) has been used as a scaffold to facilitate the repair and reconstruction of numerous tissues. However, the material properties of decellularized ECM (dECM) from cell cultures and the effect of these properties on wound remodeling remain unclear. To elucidate its biological activity, we extracted dECM from human lung fibroblasts, fabricated it into a patch, and applied it to a full-thickness skin wound.

Case Report: Articular Gout in Four Dogs and One Cat.

Background: There is widespread prejudice in veterinary medicine that gout does not occur in non-human mammalians. However, we recently discovered monosodium urate crystals in the synovial fluid obtained from a few dogs and a cat. Since it is the definitive and gold standard to diagnose gout, we report these cases as newly emerging diseases in companion animals.

Non-thermal plasma promotes hair growth by improving the inter-follicular macroenvironment.

Non-thermal plasma (NTP) is widely used in the disinfection and surface modification of biomaterials. NTP treatment can regenerate and improve skin function; however, its effectiveness on hair follicle (HF) growth and its underlying mechanisms need to be elucidated. Herein, we propose an air-based NTP treatment, which generates exogenous nitric oxide (eNO), as a therapeutic strategy for hair growth.

The Effectiveness of Compartmentalized Bone Graft Sponges Made Using Complementary Bone Graft Materials and Succinylated Chitosan Hydrogels.

Bone defects can occur from many causes, including disease or trauma. Bone graft materials (BGMs) have been used to fill damaged areas for the reconstruction of diseased bone tissues since they are cost effective and readily available. However, BGMs quickly disperse around the tissue area, which ultimately leads to it migrating away from the defect after transplantation.

Immunophenotyping of an Unusual Mixed-Type Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma in a Dog.

A 6-year-old female Maltese dog presented with a cervical mass without pain. The tumor was surrounded by a thick fibrous tissue and consisted of an osteoid matrix with osteoblasts and two distinct areas: a mesenchymal cell-rich lesion with numerous multinucleated giant cells and a chondroid matrix-rich lesion. The tumor cells exhibited heterogeneous protein expression, including a positive expression of vimentin, cytokeratin, RANKL, CRLR, SOX9, and collagen 2, and was diagnosed as extraskeletal osteosarcoma.

Changes in metabolites with harvest times of seedlings of various Korean oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivars and their neuraminidase inhibitory effects.

Oats and their seeds, stems, and leaves are approved for use as safe food ingredients. Oat seedlings are environmentally friendly and are becoming increasingly popular as they provide several health benefits. We used the UPLC-CAD to quantitatively analyze isolated compounds (1-11) between 15 cultivars of oat seedlings and their harvest time.

Hypoxia Helps Maintain Nucleus Pulposus Homeostasis by Balancing Autophagy and Apoptosis.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a common cause of lower back pain. Programmed cell death (PCD) including apoptosis and autophagy is known to play key mechanistic roles in the development of IVDD. We hypothesized that the nucleus pulposus cells that make up the center of the IVD can be affected by aging and environmental oxygen concentration, thus affecting the development of IVDD.

Up-regulation of MicroRNAs-21 and -223 in a Sprague-Dawley Rat Model of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury.

In this experimental animal study, we examined alterations in the degree of transcription of two microRNAs (miRs)-miR-21 and -223-in a Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI). Depending on the volume of the balloon catheter (V), a total of 75 male SD rats were divided into the three experimental groups: the sham group ( = 25; V = 0 μL), the mild group ( = 25; V = 20 μL), and the severe group ( = 25; V = 50 μL). Successful induction of TSCI was confirmed on both locomotor rating scale at 4 h and 1, 3 and 7 days post-lesion and histopathologic examinations.

Comparison of polysaccharides in articular cartilage regeneration associated with chondrogenic and autophagy-related gene expression.

Articular cartilage exhibits reduced self-healing following degeneration. This research evaluated the effects of hydrogels derived from various polysaccharides-gellan gum (GG), alginate, and agarose-on cartilage regeneration compared with that of hyaluronic acid (HA), which is commonly used in cartilage tissue engineering. Chondrocytes were isolated from the articular cartilage of New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits and stimulated with IL-1β followed by incubation with polysaccharides.

Monitoring Physiological Changes in Neutron-Exposed Normal Mouse Brain Using FDG-PET and DW-MRI.

We monitored a physiological response in a neutron-exposed normal mouse brain using two imaging tools, [F]fluro-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography ([F]FDG-PET) and diffusion weighted-magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI), as an imaging biomarker. We measured the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of DW-MRI and standardized uptake value (SUV) of [F]FDG-PET, which indicated changes in the cellular environment for neutron irradiation. This approach was sensitive enough to detect cell changes that were not confirmed in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) results.

Intra-articular delivery of synovium-resident mesenchymal stem cells via BMP-7-loaded fibrous PLGA scaffolds for cartilage repair.

Delivery of synovium-resident mesenchymal stem cells (synMSCs) to cartilage defect site might provide a novel therapeutic modality for treatment of articular cartilage diseases. However, low isolation efficiency of synMSCs limits their therapeutic application. Niche-preserving non-enzymatic isolation of synMSCs was firstly attempted by employing micro-organ culture system based on recapitulating tissue-specific homeostasis ex vivo.

Macrophage cell tracking PET imaging using mesoporous silica nanoparticles via in vivo bioorthogonal F-18 labeling.

We introduce an efficient cell tracking imaging protocol using positron emission tomography (PET). Since macrophages are known to home and accumulate in tumor tissues and atherosclerotic plaque, we design a PET imaging protocol for macrophage cell tracking using aza-dibenzocyclooctyne-tethered PEGylated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DBCO-MSNs) with the short half-life F-18-labeled azide-radiotracer via an in vivo strain-promoted alkyne azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) covalent labeling reaction inside macrophage cells in vivo. This PET imaging protocol for in vivo cell tracking successfully visualizes the migration of macrophage cells into the tumor site by the bioorthogonal SPAAC reaction of DBCO-MSNs with [F]fluoropentaethylene glycolic azide ([F]2) to form F-labeled aza-dibenzocycloocta-triazolic MSNs (F-DBCOT-MSNs) inside RAW 264.

Germinated soy germ extract ameliorates obesity through beige fat activation.

Obesity is a worldwide public health concern requiring safe and effective strategies. Recent studies suggest that bioactive compounds from soybeans have beneficial effects on weight loss and reducing fat accumulation. However, despite the biochemical and nutritional changes during germination, the biological effects of germinated soy germ have not been fully investigated.

Image-Guided Neutron Capture Therapy Using the Gd-DO3A-BTA Complex as a New Combinatorial Treatment Approach.

Gadolinium-neutron capture therapy (Gd-NCT) is based on the nuclear capture reaction that occurs when Gd is irradiated with low energy thermal neutrons to primarily produce gamma photons. Herein, we investigated the effect of neutron capture therapy (NCT) using a small molecular gadolinium complex, Gd-DO3A-benzothiazole (Gd-DO3A-BTA), which could be a good candidate for use as an NCT drug due to its ability to enter the intracellular nuclei of tumor cells. Furthermore, MRI images of Gd-DO3A-BTA showed a clear signal enhancement in the tumor, and the images also played a key role in planning NCT by providing accurate information on the uptake time and duration of Gd-DO3A-BTA.

Germinated soy germ with increased soyasaponin Ab improves BMP-2-induced bone formation and protects against in vivo bone loss in osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is frequently induced following menopause, and bone fractures result in serious problems including skeletal deformity, pain, and increased mortality. Therefore, safe and effective therapeutic agents are needed for osteoporosis. This study aimed to clarify the bone protecting effects of germinated soy germ extracts (GSGE) and their mode of action.

Neuroprotective effects of hydrogen inhalation in an experimental rat intracerebral hemorrhage model.

Objective: Hydrogen inhalation has been found to be neuroprotective and anti-oxidative in several brain injury models. Building on these studies, we investigated potential neuroprotective effects of hydrogen inhalation in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), focusing on apoptosis and inflammation.

Methods: Forty-five 8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 15 per each group): a sham group, ICH group, and ICH + hydrogen group.

Nanoemulsion Vehicles as Carriers for Follicular Delivery of Luteolin.

Luteolin (3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone), a type of flavonoid found in medicinal herbs and vegetables, has been of great interest due to its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic effects. Despite these beneficial biological properties, the ease with which luteolin forms molecular crystals in conventional aqueous formulations has hampered much wider applications. In this study, we introduce an oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsion vehicle system for enhanced follicular delivery of luteolin.

Biological assessments of multifunctional hydrogel-decorated implantable neural cuff electrode for clinical neurology application.

The implantable cuff electrode is an effective neuroprosthetic device in current nerve tissue engineering. However, biocompatibility and stability are still a serious dispute in terms of in vivo function and continuous monitoring. In this regard, assessing the host's biological response to biomaterials is one of the key factors of chronic implantation.