A nomogram based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging improves the diagnostic performance of breast lesions diagnosed as BI-RADS category 4: A comparative study with the Kaiser score.

Purpose: To construct a nomogram combining Kaiser score (KS), synthetic MRI (syMRI) parameters, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and clinical features to distinguish benign and malignant breast lesions better.

Methods: From December 2022 to February 2024, a retrospective cohort of 168 patients with breast lesions diagnosed as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 4 by ultrasound and/or mammography was included. The research population was divided into the training set (n = 117) and the validation set (n = 51) by random sampling with a ratio of 7:3.

Auger emitter in combination with Olaparib suppresses tumor growth via promoting antitumor immune responses in pancreatic cancer.

The present study aimed to clarify the hypothesis that auger emitter I particles in combination with PARP inhibitor Olaparib could inhibit pancreatic cancer progression by promoting antitumor immune response. Pancreatic cancer cell line (Panc02) and mice subcutaneously inoculated with Panc02 cells were employed for the in vitro and in vivo experiments, respectively, followed by I and Olaparib administrations. The apoptosis and CRT exposure of Panc02 cells were detected using flow cytometry assay.

Evaluating the added value of synthetic magnetic resonance imaging in predicting sentinel lymph node status in breast cancer.

Background: The noninvasive prediction of sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), particularly with synthetic MRI (syMRI), is an emerging field. This study aimed to explore the potential added benefits of syMRI over conventional MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in predicting metastases in SLNs.

Methods: This retrospective study consecutively enrolled 101 patients who were diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) and underwent SLN biopsy from December 2022 to October 2023 at the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University.

Predictive modeling based on tumor spectral CT parameters and clinical features for postoperative complications in patients undergoing colon resection for cancer.

Background: Colon cancer is a particularly prevalent malignancy that produces postoperative complications (POCs). However, limited imaging modality exists on the accurate diagnosis of POCs. The purpose of this study was therefore to construct a model combining tumor spectral CT parameters and clinical features to predict POCs before surgery in colon cancer.

A nomogram for predicting postoperative complications based on tumor spectral CT parameters and visceral fat area in gastric cancer patients.

Purpose: To construct a nomogram combining tumor spectral CT parameters and visceral fat area (VFA) to predict postoperative complications (POCs) in patients with gastric cancer (GC).

Method: This retrospective study included 101 GC patients who underwent preoperative abdominal spectral CT scan and were divided into two groups (37 with POCs and 64 without POCs) according to the Clavien-Dindo classification standard. Logistic regression was used to establish spectral, VFA, and combined models for predicting POCs.

Immunotherapy Efficacy Prediction for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Using Multi-View Adaptive Weighted Graph Convolutional Networks.

Immunotherapy is an effective way to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The efficacy of immunotherapy differs from person to person and may cause side effects, making it important to predict the efficacy of immunotherapy before surgery. Radiomics based on machine learning has been successfully used to predict the efficacy of NSCLC immunotherapy.

Combination of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and anti-PD-L1 liposomes therapy suppressed hepatocellular carcinoma progression in mice.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a serious life-threatened tumor with high morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to study the effects of combination TACE and anti-PD-L1 liposome drug in treating HCC in mice models.

Methods: We constructed the liposome drug with phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol and mannitol, etc.

Immune-induced pneumonia in patients with advanced solid tumors treated with immunotherapy: a real-world assessment.

To investigate the computed tomography (CT) and clinical characteristics of immunotherapy-induced pneumonitis (IIP) in patients with advanced solid tumors. CT and clinical data of 254 patients with advanced solid tumors treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors in our hospital were collected retrospectively. The incidences of IIP in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, lymphoma and gastrointestinal tumors were 19% (19/100), 9.

CT and MR imaging features of mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm of the pancreas compared with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine tumor.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of pancreatic mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN) and compare them with those of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and neuroendocrine tumor (NET).

Methods: Twelve patients with pancreatic MiNEN, 24 patients with PDAC, and 24 patients with NET, who underwent both contrast-enhanced CT and MRI, were included. Clinical data and the key imaging features were retrospectively evaluated by two independent readers and compared between MiNEN and PDAC or NET.

Prediction of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer: A radiomics nomogram analysis based on CT images and clinicopathological features.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of predicting the early response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in advanced gastric cancer (AGC) based on CT radiomics nomogram before treatment.

Materials And Methods: The clinicopathological data and pre-treatment portal venous phase CT images of 180 consecutive AGC patients who received 3 cycles of NAC are retrospectively analyzed. They are randomly divided into training set (n = 120) and validation set (n = 60) and are categorized into effective group (n = 83) and ineffective group (n = 97) according to RECIST 1.

Texture analysis of myometrium-derived T2WI in the evaluation of placenta increta: An observational retrospective study.

Introduction: MRI has demonstrated its potential in the diagnosis of placenta percreta. Texture analysis is a novel technique to quantify tissue heterogeneity. The study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using texture analysis based on myometrium-derived T2WI to differentiate placenta accreta from increta.

Assessing Diagnostic Value of Combining Ultrasound and MRI in Extrathyroidal Extension of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Purpose: To explore the separate diagnostic value of preoperative ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the combination of US and MRI in extrathyroidal extension (ETE) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study was approved by the Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University review board. A total of 158 PTC patients with ETE received preoperative US and MRI examination and underwent surgery between May 2014 and December 2018 in Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University.

Native T1-mapping and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can be used to identify lung cancer pathological types and their correlation with Ki-67 expression.

Background: This study aimed to explore the value of native T1-mapping and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in differentiating the pathological types and degree of tumor differentiation of lung cancer and their correlation with Ki-67 protein expression.

Methods: A total of 78 consecutive lung cancer patients who received chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans between May 2020 and June 2021 were enrolled in this study. Two radiologists independently analyzed the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and T1 values for each lesion.

Preoperative prediction for lauren type of gastric cancer: A radiomics nomogram analysis based on CT images and clinical features.

Purpose: To investigate feasibility of predicting Lauren type of gastric cancer based on CT radiomics nomogram before operation.

Materials And Methods: The clinical data and pre-treatment CT images of 300 gastric cancer patients with Lauren intestinal or diffuse type confirmed by postoperative pathology were retrospectively analyzed, who were randomly divided into training set and testing set with a ratio of 2:1. Clinical features were compared between the two Lauren types in the training set and testing set, respectively.

Can 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging be applied to predict early response to chemoradiotherapy in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma?

Background And Purpose: Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has been widely applied in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (ANPC). However, limited imaging modality exists on the evaluation of early response to CRT. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate whether 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (3D pCASL) perfusion imaging could predict early response to CRT in ANPC patients.

Immunotherapy-induced pneumonitis in non-small cell lung cancer patients: current concern in treatment with immune-check-point inhibitors.

Purpose Immune-related adverse events (IrAEs) are auto-immune reactions associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor-based therapy (ICI). To date, little is known about immunotherapy-induced pneumonitis (IIP). In this study, we investigated the clinical and CT features of IIP in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with ICI.

A pilot study of radiomics signature based on biparametric MRI for preoperative prediction of extrathyroidal extension in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Objective: To investigate efficiency of radiomics signature to preoperatively predict histological features of aggressive extrathyroidal extension (ETE) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with biparametric magnetic resonance imaging findings.

Materials And Methods: Sixty PTC patients with preoperative MR including T2WI and T2WI-fat-suppression (T2WI-FS) were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 35 had ETE and 25 did not.

Iodine-125 seed implantation treatment of lung metastases < 2.5 cm using 5-ml syringe as a guide.

Purpose: Small lung metastases change their location with respiration, making difficult to localize, therefore, increasing the number of punctures. Accurate puncture can reduce trauma to lung tissue and accelerate patient's recovery. The aim of the study was to present our experience with the technique of using local anesthesia 5-ml syringe as a guide for computerized tomography-guided iodine-125 seed implantation (CT-ISI).

Can Arterial Spin Labeling Perfusion Imaging be Used to Differentiate Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma From Nasopharyngeal Lymphoma?

Background: Differentiating nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) from nasopharyngeal lymphoma (NPL) is useful for deciding the appropriate treatment. However, the diagnostic accuracy of current imaging methods is low.

Purpose: To explore the feasibility of arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion imaging in the qualitative and quantitative differentiation between NPC and NPL to improve the diagnosis of malignancies in the nasopharynx.

Prediction of Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis Using MRI Radiomics Approach in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Feasibility Study.

Background: Cervical lymph node (LN) metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is critical for treatment and prognosis. To examine the feasibility of MRI radiomics to preoperatively predict cervical LN metastasis in patients with PTC.

Methods: Between January 2015 and March 2018, a total of 61 patients with pathologically confirmed PTC were analyzed retrospectively.

Iodine-125 seed implantation for residual hepatocellular carcinoma or cholangiocellular carcinoma in challenging locations after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization: Initial experience and findings.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of computed tomography (CT)-guided iodine-125 (I) seed implantation (ISI) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC) lesions in challenging locations after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE).

Material And Methods: A retrospective single-center review of 24 patients with HCC or CCC tumors in challenging locations (hepatic dome or close to the heart/diaphragm/hepatic hilum) was conducted. Patients who underwent CT-guided I implantation from May 2014 to January 2019 were recruited.

Using Diffusion-Weighted MRI to Predict Central Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Feasibility Study.

To investigate whether diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with multi b values can be used as a quantitative assessment tool to predict central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). A total of 214 PTC patients were enrolled from January 2015 to April 2018. Each patient underwent multi b value DWI (300, 500, and 800 s/mm) preoperatively and then clinical treatment of central LN dissection at the Thyroid Surgery Department.

Can Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging Be Used as a Tool to Predict Extrathyroidal Extension in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma?

Rationale And Objectives: To evaluate whether quantitative diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) with multi-b values can be used as a tool to predict the aggressiveness by using the histological feature of extrathyroidal extension (ETE) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

Materials And Methods: 238 patients were pathologically confirmed as PTCs underwent preoperative multi-b value DWI (300, 500, and 800 s/mm) between January 2015 and December 2017. The patients were divided into three groups according to the degree of ETE: without ETE, minimal ETE, and extensive ETE.

Preoperative assessment of extrathyroidal extension of papillary thyroid carcinomas by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging: a comparative study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the diagnostic performances of preoperative ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting extrathyroidal extension (ETE) in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study was approved by our institutional review board. Preoperative US and MRI were performed on 225 patients who underwent surgery for PTC between May 2014 and December 2018.