Publications by authors named "Sun Y Yang"
Background: Microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) exhibit poor responsiveness to immunotherapy such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In the realm of clinical cancer treatment, traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) are extensively utilized for their immunomodulatory properties. Shen Qi Yi Chang (SQYC), a clinical prescription for CRC treatment, improve the life quality of CRC patients and enhance their immune function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study evaluated the impact of differing false positive (FP) rates in two computer-aided detection (CADe) systems on the clinical effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted colonoscopy. The primary outcomes were adenoma detection rate (ADR) and adenomas per colonoscopy (APC). The ADR in the control, system A (3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackgruound: The increasing rate of excess body weight (EBW) in the global population has led to growing health concerns, including cancer-related EBW. We aimed to estimate the population attributable fraction (PAF) of cancer incidence and deaths linked to EBW in Korean individuals from 2015 to 2030 and to compare its value with various body mass index cutoffs.
Methods: Levin's formula was used to calculate the PAF; the prevalence rates were computed using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, while the relative risks of specific cancers related to EBW were estimated based on the results of Korean cohort studies.
Purpose: Population attributable fractions (PAFs) for hormone and reproductive factors have been estimated in several countries. IARC designated as Group 1 and Group 2A carcinogen for hormone factors in breast, ovarian, endometrial and uterine cervix cancer. This study aimed to estimate the PAFs of hormone/reproductive factor attributed to cancer incidence and deaths in Korean women and projected trends from 2015 to 2030.
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- * The research involved 1,793 individuals, including adenoma patients and healthy controls from a health check-up at a Korean hospital, analyzing their fish and meat consumption through dietary questionnaires.
- * Results indicated that while there wasn't a clear link between general meat consumption and adenoma prevalence, higher fish intake correlated with a lower risk of high-risk colorectal adenomas, particularly more significantly in men.
Article Synopsis
- A study was conducted to explore how user experience and characteristics of polyps affect interactions with computer-aided detection (CADe) systems during colonoscopy.
- The CADe system, built using YOLOv4 and trained on nearly 18,000 images, showed an improvement in polyp detection accuracy from 69.7% to 77.7% when assisted by CADe, although misdetections could decrease accuracy.
- The results indicated that less experienced users (like nurses) benefited more from CADe assistance compared to experts, and while overall sensitivity improved for easier polyp detection, it was lower for more challenging lesions like sessile serrated lesions (SSLs).
Dual-earner couples' sharing of work-related experiences: Effects on relational and personal well-being.
Appl Psychol Health Well Being
November 2024
Article Synopsis
- Modern marriages prioritize personal growth and self-expressive goals, especially in dual-earner couples who benefit from sharing work-related experiences.
- A study involving 102 couples in Hong Kong found that sharing both positive and negative work experiences improves relationship satisfaction and personal well-being.
- Wives' sharing impacts relational and personal well-being immediately, while husbands' sharing has longer-term positive effects on their partner's well-being.
Objective: Uterine leiomyoma (UL), the most prevalent benign gynecologic tumor among reproductive-aged women, lacks sufficient research on the potential association between dietary intake and its occurrence in Korean women. Addressing this research gap, this study aims to evaluate the potential link between dietary intake and the prevalence of UL in Korean women.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a cohort of 672 women, aged 23 to 73, were enrolled, with 383 (57%) being premenopausal.
Predicted pro-inflammatory hs-CRP score and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf)
October 2023
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major contributor to liver diseases globally, yet there are limited studies investigating the impact of diet and lifestyle factors on its development. This study aimed to examine the association between the prevalence of NAFLD and predicted pro-inflammatory high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) score.
Methods: We included 1,076 Korean adults who underwent a medical examination at the Seoul National University Hospital Gangnam Healthcare Center in Korea between May and December 2011 and updated in 2021.
Article Synopsis
- The study explored lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), revealing that it occurs in about 21.6% of individuals with NAFLD and 18.5% among lean participants specifically, suggesting a unique pathophysiology compared to obese NAFLD.
- Among those with lean NAFLD, metabolic syndrome and diabetes were noted at rates of 12.4% and 10.4%, indicating some metabolic association in about 20.1% of cases.
- Despite identifying certain genetic variants linked to lean NAFLD, a significant proportion of cases (approximately 32.1%) weren't associated with known genetic or metabolic factors, highlighting the need for further research to uncover additional risk factors
Background And Aims: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC, diagnosed before 50 years of age) has increased in recent decades. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between changes in obesity status and EO-CRC risk.
Methods: From a nationwide population-based cohort, individuals <50 years old who participated in the national health checkup program in both 2009 and 2011 were included.
Obesity is a risk factor for colorectal cancer. However, the effect of body weight change on colorectal cancer is uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between difference in body mass index and the risk of colorectal cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The effects of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on the risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) remain unclear. We investigated the association between the fatty liver index (FLI) and risk of ESRD in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: This population-based observational cohort study enrolled patients with diabetes who underwent health screening between 2009 and 2012 and utilized data from the Korean National Health Insurance Services.
Article Synopsis
- Confusion in high and low confidence decisions during optical diagnosis complicates its use in clinical settings, prompting a study on the impact of a 3-second decision rule for endoscopists.
- The study involved eight gastroenterologists, comparing standard optical diagnosis with a 3-second rule over different phases, examining decision accuracy and performance metrics.
- Results showed noteworthy improvements in confidence accuracy for nonexperts, while experts showed slight enhancements, indicating the rule's effectiveness, particularly for those with less experience.
Article Synopsis
- Uterine leiomyomas are common benign tumors in women of childbearing age, and while existing studies suggest a link between alcohol consumption and their incidence, there's a lack of research specifically focusing on Korean women.
- The study aimed to explore the relationship between alcohol intake and the development of new uterine leiomyomas among Korean women aged 20 to 39 using a large national health database.
- Findings indicated that about 6.1% of these women developed uterine leiomyomas over an average follow-up of 4.3 years, with alcohol consumption linked to a 12% to 16% increased risk of new cases.
The Korea Cohort Consortium: The Future of Pooling Cohort Studies.
J Prev Med Public Health
September 2022
Objectives: We introduced the cohort studies included in the Korea Cohort Consortium (KCC), focusing on large-scale cohort studies established in Korea with a prolonged follow-up period. Moreover, we also provided projections of the follow-up and estimates of the sample size that would be necessary for big-data analyses based on pooling established cohort studies, including population-based genomic studies.
Methods: We mainly focused on the characteristics of individual cohort studies from the KCC.
Article Synopsis
- Clinical information from esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) reports has been hard to use because they're written in an unstructured narrative format.
- Researchers created a natural language processing (NLP) pipeline to automatically extract useful data on 10 gastric diseases from these EGD reports, validating it with over 1,000 reports.
- The NLP pipeline successfully processed almost 250,000 EGD reports from 2010-2019, providing detailed insights into patient demographics and disease specifics, which can help advance clinical research on gastric diseases.
Dietary fiber intake has been suggested to decrease the risks of colorectal cancer (CRC) and adenoma. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the association between total dietary fiber intake and colorectal adenoma among asymptomatic Korean adults. Individuals who received a screening colonoscopy between May and December of 2011 were recruited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aim: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) typically presents with symptoms of heartburn and acid regurgitation but occasionally manifests as atypical chest pain. Coronary artery disease (CAD) and GERD share some risk factors, such as smoking and obesity. The aims of this study were to evaluate the association between GERD and coronary atherosclerosis and to assess the risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis in GERD patients.
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- Manual data extraction from colonoscopy reports is labor-intensive, but natural language processing (NLP) can automate this process, improving clinical quality and patient management.* -
- An NLP pipeline was created to evaluate colonoscopy and pathology reports, successfully assessing key quality indicators like adenoma detection rate (ADR) and sessile serrated lesion detection rate (SDR) with high accuracy.* -
- The NLP system demonstrated a performance comparable to human experts and identified significant variability in quality indicators among different endoscopists over a 10-year period.*
Article Synopsis
- Computer-aided detection (CADe) systems aim to improve the detection of polyps in colonoscopy, especially sessile serrated lesions (SSLs), which are often missed due to their flat appearance.
- Current CADe systems struggle to detect SSLs effectively, prompting researchers to propose a new approach that leverages the morphological characteristics of SSLs.
- They utilized a generative adversarial network (GAN) to create realistic, high-resolution endoscopic images for training the CADe system, resulting in a 17.5% increase in sensitivity for detecting these challenging polyps.
As risk of colorectal neoplasm is varied even in persons with "average-risk," risk evaluation and tailored screening are needed. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors of high-risk adenoma (HRA) in healthy individuals and determine the characteristics of advanced neoplasia (AN) among individual polyps. Asymptomatic adults who underwent the first lifetime screening colonoscopy at the Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center (SNUH GC) were recruited from 2004 to 2007 as SNUH GC Cohort and were followed for 10 years.
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- The study examined the effect of a year-long training program called Gangnam-READI on the detection rates of adenomas (ADRs) and sessile serrated lesions (SDRs) in 15 gastroenterologists.* -
- After training, there was no significant change in overall ADR but a noticeable decrease in variability among endoscopists' ADRs, while SDRs significantly increased during and after the training period.* -
- The findings suggest that comprehensive training in optical diagnosis improves SDR detection rates among expert endoscopists, supporting the effectiveness of the WASP classification system.*
In 2015, the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) and American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) Task Force on Quality in Endoscopy deemed adenoma detection rate (ADR) the most important quality measure for colonoscopy. There has been much interest in factors that can increase ADR. To date, however, few studies have looked at what intra-procedural endoscopist practices are associated with improving ADR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aim: While many studies demonstrated an association between visceral adiposity and colorectal adenoma (CRA), the effect of longitudinal changes in body fat composition on CRA is unclear. We investigated the longitudinal association between changes in visceral adiposity and CRA occurrence.
Methods: Between 2006 and 2018, 732 (62.