Post-translational modifications and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a prevalent respiratory disorder posing a significant threat to the quality of life in premature infants. Its pathogenesis is intricate, and therapeutic options are limited. Besides genetic coding, protein post-translational modification plays a pivotal role in regulating cellular function, contributing complexity and diversity to substrate proteins and influencing various cellular processes.

An injectable shape-adaptive hydrogel system for subconjunctival injuries: and permanently releases rapamycin to prevent fibrosis promoting autophagy.

Subconjunctival fibrosis (SCF) is a common and refractory eye disease that is a serious threat to vision. The severe side effects of existing drugs and low drug bioavailability due to the ocular barrier are major challenges in SCF treatment. Hence, there is an urgent need to explore safer and more effective strategies for administering anti-SCF drugs.

Biowaste-Derived Carbon Dots-Based Molecularly Imprinted Fluorescent Nanosensor for Selective Detection of Rutin.

In this work, Waste pine nut shells were used as organic carbon source of biomass to synthesize carbon quantum dots. A highly responsive and selective fluorescent nanosensor (Si-doped biomass-derived carbon dots with molecular imprinted polymers, Si-CDs@MIPs) was designed for determination of Rutin (RT) in Chinese herbal substances like Sophora japonica L..

Integrated network pharmacology and transcriptomics to explore the mechanism of compound Dihuang granule (CDG) protects dopaminergic neurons by regulating the Nrf2/HMOX1 pathway in the 6-OHDA/MPP-induced model of Parkinson's disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative neurological disease that worsens over time. Ferroptosis has been proven to contribute to PD pathogenesis. CDG exhibits neuroprotective effects.

Genome-Wide Identification of the Gene Family in Sea-Island Cotton () and the Active Regulation of Drought Resistance in Cotton by .

Cotton is an economically critical crop worldwide, and drought stress strongly affects its growth and development. Ubiquitination modifies protein activity and is crucial in numerous biological processes. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes serve as intermediaries in the protein ubiquitination process and play important roles in plant responses to abiotic stress.

5-Methoxytryptophan Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Regulating Nrf2-Mediated Mitophagy.

Purpose: The effects of 5-methoxytryptophan (5-MTP) on mitophagy in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (S-AKI) and its possible role in the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway are unclear. In this study, we aimed to examine the levels of serum 5-MTP and mitophagy in patients with S-AKI and to evaluate the influence of 5-MTP on a lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced AKI model. Additionally, we sought to elucidate the mechanisms by which 5-MTP regulates mitophagy via Nrf2 mediation.

Deciphering spatial domains from spatially resolved transcriptomics through spatially regularized deep graph networks.

Background: Recent advancements in spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) have opened up unprecedented opportunities to explore gene expression patterns within spatial contexts. Deciphering spatial domains is a critical task in spatial transcriptomic data analysis, aiding in the elucidation of tissue structural heterogeneity and biological functions. However, existing spatial domain detection methods ignore the consistency of expression patterns and spatial arrangements between spots, as well as the severe gene dropout phenomenon present in SRT data, resulting in suboptimal performance in identifying tissue spatial heterogeneity.

stMMR: accurate and robust spatial domain identification from spatially resolved transcriptomics with multimodal feature representation.

Background: Deciphering spatial domains using spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) is of great value for characterizing and understanding tissue architecture. However, the inherent heterogeneity and varying spatial resolutions present challenges in the joint analysis of multimodal SRT data.

Results: We introduce a multimodal geometric deep learning method, named stMMR, to effectively integrate gene expression, spatial location, and histological information for accurate identifying spatial domains from SRT data.

Metabolic reprogramming and therapeutic resistance in primary and metastatic breast cancer.

Metabolic alterations, a hallmark of cancer, enable tumor cells to adapt to their environment by modulating glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, which fuels rapid growth and contributes to treatment resistance. In primary breast cancer, metabolic shifts such as the Warburg effect and enhanced lipid synthesis are closely linked to chemotherapy failure. Similarly, metastatic lesions often display distinct metabolic profiles that not only sustain tumor growth but also confer resistance to targeted therapies and immunotherapies.

Tunable dual-band unidirectional reflectionlessness in a one-dimensional waveguide-cavity optomechanical system.

Tunable dual-band unidirectional reflectionless phenomena in a one-dimensional waveguide coupled with a cavity optomechanical system driven by external driving fields were investigated. The results indicated that dual-band unidirectional reflectionlessnesses can be obtained by appropriately adjusting the strengths of the external driving fields, phase shift between the two optical cavities, coupling strengths of the optical cavities to the waveguide and decay rates of the two cavities and mechanical resonators. Moreover their peaks can be tuned by changing both the effective optomechanical coupling strengths and phase shift, which can achieve unidirectional reflectionlessness by adjusting the external driving fields when the phase shift is difficult to adjust precisely.

Transcriptome analysis of human spermatozoa with different DNA fragmentation index using RNA sequencing.

The study is aimed to screen the differential expressed genes (DEGs) related to sperm DNA fragmentation in men and provide reference basis of the sperm selection in assisted reproduction based on DNA fragmentation. We evaluated 60 semen samples from patients with high, medium or low sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI). Using multicolor flow cytometry, we measured the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in these sperm samples.

Effects of a novel synbiotics-enzyme complex as a replacement for antibiotics on growth performance, slaughter and meat characteristics, immune organ index, and intestinal morphology of broilers.

Introduction: Antibiotic use in broilers is being discouraged globally due to the challenges it poses. This study was conducted to assess the effects of supplementing broilers with a Symbiotic-Enzyme complex (SEC) containing prebiotics (), probiotics ( and ), and enzymes (, and α) as an alternative to antibiotics on growth performance, carcass and meat quality traits, mortality, linear body measurements, intestinal morphology and immune organ indexes.

Method: A total of 864 mixed-sex 1-day-old arbor acres (AA+) broilers were allocated to 8 experimental groups replicated 9 times with 12 chickens per replicate.

Influence of dietary resveratrol supplementation on integrity and colloidal characteristics of Myofibrillar proteins in broiler chicken breast meat.

Abstracts This study was designed to elucidate the impact of dietary resveratrol (RES) supplementation on the free radical activity within the breast muscle of broiler chickens and to assess its effects on the structural and colloidal attributes of myofibrillar proteins (MPs). A total of 180 1-day-old male AA broiler chickens was divided to 2 groups (a CON group fed a control diet and a RES group fed the control diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg RES), each with 6 replicates and 15 chickens per replicate. The feeding test lasted for 6 weeks.

Application of Machine Learning in the Diagnosis of Early Gastric Cancer Using the Kyoto Classification Score and Clinical Features Collected from Medical Consultations.

The early detection accuracy of early gastric cancer (EGC) determines the choice of the optimal treatment strategy and the related medical expenses. We aimed to develop a simple, affordable, and time-saving diagnostic model using six machine learning (ML) algorithms for the diagnosis of EGC. It is based on the endoscopy-based Kyoto classification score obtained after the completion of endoscopy and other clinical features obtained after medical consultation.

Structure and function of EfpA as a lipid transporter and its inhibition by BRD-8000.3.

EfpA, the first major facilitator superfamily (MFS) protein identified in (Mtb), is an essential efflux pump implicated in resistance to multiple drugs. EfpA-inhibitors have been developed to kill drug-tolerant Mtb. However, the biological function of EfpA has not yet been elucidated.

SpaGRA: Graph augmentation facilitates domain identification for spatially resolved transcriptomics.

Recent advances in spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) have provided new opportunities for characterizing spatial structures of various tissues. Graph-based geometric deep learning has gained widespread adoption for spatial domain identification tasks. Currently, most methods define adjacency relation between cells or spots by their spatial distance in SRT data, which overlooks key biological interactions like gene expression similarities, and leads to inaccuracies in spatial domain identification.

Dynamics of natural hazard risk awareness: Panel analysis insights from Switzerland.

The analysis of risk awareness should be the initial stage in integrated natural hazard risk management to promote appropriate and effective measures for mitigating risks and strengthening social resilience inside the multi-risk framework. Nevertheless, earlier studies focused on cross-sectional data and overlooked the changes in risk awareness levels and associated independent variables with time. This study analyzes for the first time a balanced nationwide panel dataset of 1612 respondent-year observations from Switzerland (period 2015-2021, including the epidemic of COVID-19) to examine and compare the effects of potential independent variables on the four dimensions of natural hazard risk awareness (NHRA), ranging from the broadest dimension of Relevance to higher dimensions of Perceived Probability of an event, Perceived Threat to life and valuables, and Perceived Situational Threat.

CDK4/6 Inhibitors Impede Chemoresistance and Inhibit Tumor Growth of Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by rapid development of chemoresistance and poor outcomes. Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6is) are widely used in breast cancer and other cancer types. However, the molecular mechanisms of CDK4/6 in SCLC chemoresistance remain poorly understood.

Zambian indigenous chicken genetic resources: phenotypic characteristics and their production systems among small-scale farmers.

Introduction: Indigenous chickens are very important to households for income and protein. However, their performance is usually poor, especially under small-scale farmer management, despite their potential to perform better. The performance of these chickens can be improved by selective breeding.

Calmodulin Triggers Activity-Dependent rRNA Biogenesis via Interaction with DDX21.

Protein synthesis in response to neuronal activity, known as activity-dependent translation, is critical for synaptic plasticity and memory formation. However, the signaling cascades that couple neuronal activity to the translational events remain elusive. In this study, we identified the role of calmodulin (CaM), a conserved Ca-binding protein, in ribosomal RNA (rRNA) biogenesis in neurons.

The Effects of Dietary Pterostilbene on the Immune Response, Antioxidant Function, and Jejunal Structure of Broilers.

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of pterostilbene (PTE) supplementation in feed on Arbor Acres broilers in terms of serum biochemical parameters, immune and inflammatory responses, antioxidant status, and intestinal morphological structure. For a duration of 42 days, a total of 480 1-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into four groups. Each group was assigned to receive either the basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg of PTE.

The effect of erythropoiesis‑stimulating agents on lung cancer patients: a meta‑analysis.

Previous studies have demonstrated that erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) can reduce anemia and improve quality of life in cancer patients, but ESAs may increase mortality. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing the effect and risk of ESAs about the prevention or treatment of anemia in cancer patients. Four databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of science and Cochrane Library were searched for published RCTS on ESAs in the treatment of anemia in lung cancer patients from 2000 to 2023.