Modulation of β secretase and neuroinflammation by biomimetic nanodelivery system for Alzheimer's disease therapy.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. The vicious circle between amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) overgeneration and microglial dysfunction is an important pathological event that promotes AD progression. However, therapeutic strategies toward only Aβ or microglial modulation still have many problems.

Dual-Port Six-Band Rectenna with Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency at Ultra-Low Input Power.

In this paper, a novel topology and method for designing a multi-band rectenna is proposed to improve its RF-DC efficiency. The rectifier achieves simultaneous rectification using both series and parallel configurations by connecting two branches to the respective terminals of the diode, directing the energy input from two ports to the anode and cathode of the diode. Six desired operating frequency bands are evenly distributed across these two branches, each of which is connected to antennas corresponding to their specific operating frequencies, serving as the receiving end of the system.

Inhibition of Aβ Aggregation and Tau Phosphorylation with Functionalized Biomimetic Nanoparticles for Synergic Alzheimer's Disease Therapy.

The main pathological mechanisms of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) are extracellular senile plaques caused by β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles derived from hyperphosphorylated Tau protein (p-Tau). However, it is difficult to obtain a good curative effect because of the poor brain bioavailability of drugs, which is attributed to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) restriction and complicated brain conditions. Herein, HM-DK was proposed for synergistic therapy of AD by using hollow mesoporous manganese dioxide (HM) as a carrier to deliver an Aβ-inhibiting peptide and a Dp-peptide inhibitor of Tau-related fibril formation synergistically.

Trajectory patterns and factors associated with acceptance of disability in young and middle-aged breast cancer patients: a longitudinal study.

Purpose: To explore the trajectories of acceptance of disability in young and middle-aged breast cancer patients based on a latent class growth analysis, investigate factors associated with each trajectory, and identify whether return to normal living differs in different trajectories.

Methods: Young and middle-aged patients newly diagnosed with breast cancer who underwent surgery were followed up at baseline, and 1, 3, and 6 months in China. Participants completed sociodemographic information questionnaires, the Adaptation of Disability Scale Revised, and the Reintegration to Normal Living Index.

A metabolome-wide Mendelian randomization study prioritizes causal circulating metabolites for reproductive disorders including primary ovarian insufficiency, polycystic ovary syndrome, and abnormal spermatozoa.

Background: Accumulating studies have highlighted the significant role of circulating metabolomics in the etiology of reproductive system disorders. However, the causal effects between genetically determined metabolites (GDMs) and reproductive diseases, including primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and abnormal spermatozoa (AS), still await thorough clarification.

Methods: With the currently most comprehensive genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data of metabolomics, systematic two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted to disclose causal associations between 1,091 blood metabolites and 309 metabolite ratios with reproductive disorders.

DNA methylation profiling deciphers three EMT subtypes with distinct prognoses and therapeutic vulnerabilities in breast cancer.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), deemed a pivotal hallmark of tumours, is intricately regulated by DNA methylation and encompasses multiple states along tumour progression. The potential mechanisms that drive the intrinsic heterogeneity of breast cancer (BC) via EMT transformation have not been identified, presenting a significant obstacle in clinical diagnosis and treatment. A total of 7,602 patients have been included in this study.

Discovering Facet-Dependent Formation Kinetics of Key Intermediates in Electrochemical Ammonia Oxidation by a Electrochemiluminescence Active Probe.

Facile evaluation of formation kinetics of key intermediate is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of electrochemical ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR) mechanisms and the design of efficient electrocatalysts. Currently, elucidating the formation kinetics of key intermediate associated with rate-determining step is still challenging. Herein, 4-phtalamide-N-(4'-methylcoumarin) naphthalimide (CF) is developed as a molecular probe to detect NH intermediate during AOR via electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and further investigated the formation kinetics of NH on Pt catalysts with different crystal planes.

Effects of ethyl palmitate on the release of aroma compounds in propanediol-ethanol solution and its mechanisms.

Long-chain esters (LCEs) are known to affect aroma perception, but the mechanism of their effects remains unclear. In this study, ethyl palmitate (EP), an important LCE in flower absolute (OFFA), was selected as a target to identify its role and mechanism. The release characteristics of 10 aroma compounds from OFFA with and without EP were obtained by headspace gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-GC/MS) and olfactometry evaluation, respectively.

Function Electrical Stimulation Effect on Muscle Fatigue Based on Fatigue Characteristic Curves of Dumbbell Weightlifting Training.

The parameter setting of functional electrical stimulation (FES) is important for active recovery training since it affects muscle health. Among the FES parameters, current amplitude is the most influential factor. To explore the FES effect on the maximum stimulation time, this study establishes a curve between FES current amplitude and the maximum stimulation time based on muscle fatigue.

CuO Nanozymes Catalyze Cysteine and Glutathione Depletion Induced Ferroptosis and Cuproptosis for Synergistic Tumor Therapy.

The latest research identifies that cysteine (Cys) is one of the key factors in tumor proliferation, metastasis, and recurrence. The direct depletion of intracellular Cys shows a profound antitumor effect. However, using nanozymes to efficiently deplete Cys for tumor therapy has not yet attracted widespread attention.

A ratiometric fluorescent probe revealing the abnormality of acetylated tau by visualizing polarity in Alzheimer's disease.

Abnormal neuronal polarity leads to early deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD) by affecting the function of axons. Precise and rapid evaluation of polarity changes is very important for the early prevention and diagnosis of AD. However, due to the limitations of existing detection methods, the mechanism related to how neuronal polarity changes in AD is unclear.

Multifunctional Nanocarrier for Synergistic Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease by Inhibiting β-Amyloid Aggregation and Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species.

The excessive depositions of β-amyloid (Aβ) and abnormal level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered as the important pathogenic factors of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Strategies targeting only one of them have no obvious effects in clinic. In this study, a multifunctional nanocarrier CICe@M-K that crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) efficiently was developed for inhibiting Aβ aggregation and scavenging ROS synchronously.

Non-targeted metabolomics revealed novel links between serum metabolites and primary ovarian insufficiency: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a common clinical endocrine disorder with a high heterogeneity in both endocrine hormones and etiological phenotypes. However, the etiology of POI remains unclear. Herein, we unraveled the causality of genetically determined metabolites (GDMs) on POI through Mendelian randomization (MR) study with the overarching goal of disclosing underlying mechanisms.

Rapid establishment of municipal sewage partial denitrification-anammox for nitrogen removal through inoculation with side-stream anammox biofilm without domestication.

Mainstream partial denitrification anammox was achieved through inoculation of side-stream mature partial nitritation anammox biofilm without domestication. The contribution of anammox to nitrogen removal was 29.4 %.

Neuroprotective effect of green tea extract (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in a preformed fibril-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). The main bioactive component of green tea polyphenols (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) exerts protective effects against diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of EGCG on the amelioration of neural damage in a chronic PD mouse model induced by α-synuclein preformed fibrils (α-syn-PFFs).

Self-aspiration sampling design for rapid analyses of volatile organic compounds based on atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/photoionization combined ionization source mass spectrometry.

Development of combined mass spectrometry ionization sources has enabled expansion of the application and scope of mass spectrometry. A novel hybrid ionization system combining vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) was constructed. Gaseous samples were self-aspirated into an ionization zone through a capillary by negative pressure, generated by high-speed airflow based on the Venturi effect.

Effect of telehealth interventions on adherence to endocrine therapy among patients with breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of telehealth interventions on adherence to endocrine therapy among patients with breast cancer.

Methods: A systematic search of five English databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the American Psychological Association PsycNet, and the Cochrane Library) and four Chinese databases (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, SinoMed, WanFang Data, and WeiPu Data) was performed from inception to March 31, 2023. Two investigators independently screened the available studies for eligibility and extracted relevant data.

Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Capsule-Shaped Zirconium Coordination Cages with Quaternary Structure.

Biological macromolecules exhibit emergent functions through hierarchical self-assembly, a concept that is extended to design artificial supramolecular assemblies. Here, the first example of breaking the common parallel arrangement of capsule-shaped zirconium coordination cages is reported by constructing the hierarchical porous framework ZrR-1. ZrR-1 adopts a quaternary structure resembling protein and contains 12-connected chloride clusters, representing the highest connectivity for zirconium-based cages reported thus far.

Photodynamic O Economizer Encapsulated with DNAzyme for Enhancing Mitochondrial Gene-Photodynamic Therapy.

Emerging research suggests that mitochondrial DNA is a potential target for cancer treatment. However, achieving precise delivery of deoxyribozymes (DNAzymes) and combining photodynamic therapy (PDT) and DNAzyme-based gene silencing together for enhancing mitochondrial gene-photodynamic synergistic therapy remains challenging. Accordingly, herein, intelligent supramolecular nanomicelles are constructed by encapsulating a DNAzyme into a photodynamic O economizer for mitochondrial NO gas-enhanced synergistic gene-photodynamic therapy.

From the perspective of rumen microbiome and host metabolome, revealing the effects of feeding strategies on Jersey Cows on the Tibetan Plateau.

Background: Previous studies have discussed the effects of grazing and house feeding on yaks during the cold season when forage is in short supply, but there is limited information on the effects of these feeding strategies on Jersey cows introduced to the Tibetan Plateau. The objective of this study was to use genomics and metabolomics analyses to examine changes in rumen microbiology and organism metabolism of Jersey cows with different feeding strategies.

Methods: We selected 12 Jersey cows with similar body conditions and kept them for 60 days under grazing ( = 6) and house-feeding ( = 6) conditions.

A core-molecule-shell Au@PATP@Ag nanorod for nicotine detection based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering technology.

Nicotine is an addictive substance often found in tobacco and cigarette smoke and excessive exposure to it can cause various diseases. Herein, core-molecule-shell gold/4-aminothiophenol/silver nanorods (Au@PATP@Ag NRs) were prepared for quantitative detection of nicotine by using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology. The obtained Au@PATP@Ag NRs showed an outstanding SERS effect due to the plasticity of their morphology and the bimetallic synergistic effect between the excellent stability of Au and the highly enhanced effect of Ag.

Rapid and sensitive determination of free fatty acids based on in-source microdroplet-driven derivatization coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Accurate and sensitive measurements of free fatty acids (FFAs) in biological samples are valuable for diagnosing and prognosing diseases. In this study, an in-source microdroplet derivation strategy combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry was developed to analyze FFAs in lipid extracts of biological samples directly. FFAs were rapidly derivated with 2-picolylamine (PA) in the microdroplet which is derived by electrospray.

NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis involvement in cadmium exposure-induced cognitive deficits via the Sirt3-mtROS axis.

Cadmium (Cd), a toxic heavy metal, exerts deleterious effects on neuronal survival and cognitive function. NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis has been linked to Cd-induced cytotoxicity. The current research intended to elucidate the role of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in Cd-evoked neuronal death and cognitive impairments and the underlying mechanisms.