New biological functions and applications of high-molecular-mass poly-gamma-glutamic acid.

Ultra-high-molecular-weight poly-gamma-glutamic acid (gamma-PGA) is a most promising biodegradable polymer that is produced by Bacillus subtilis (chungkookjang). Attractive properties of gamma-PGA are that it is water soluble, anionic, biodegradable, and edible. Development of gamma-PGA has pursued in terms of cosmetics/skin care, bone care, nanoparticle for drug delivery system, hydrogel, and so on.

Effects of ultra high molecular weight poly-gamma-glutamic acid from Bacillus subtilis (chungkookjang) on corneal wound healing.

Poly-gamma-glutamic acid (gamma-PGA) is a natural, edible polypeptide in which glutamate is polymerized via gamma-amide linkages. First, we assessed the eye irritancy potential of gamma PGA in rabbits. Additionally, we studied the effects of gamma-PGA on corneal wound healing, due to the anti inflammatory properties and water retaining abilities of gamma-PGA.

Direct detection of reactive nitrogen species in experimental autoimmune uveitis.

Purpose: Demonstrate unequivocally the generation of nitric oxide in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis by electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) using ferrous iron complex of N-methyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate, (MGD)(2)-Fe(2+), as a spin trap.

Methods: Experimental autoimmune uveitis was induced in Lewis rats, and at the peak of the intraocular inflammation, the animals received intravitreous injections of the spin trap. The retina and choroid dissected from the enucleated globes were subjected to ESR.