Task-Allocation Decisions of Human-UAS Collaboration: Effects of Workload, Trust, and Self-confidence.

Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS) show promise in urban air transport, package delivery, and emergency services. UAS efficiency can be significantly improved by having multiple operators () managing a greater number of vehicles (), or the architecture of operation. The current study investigates how workload affects operators' task-allocation decision-making and the potential mediating effects of two crucial human factors, trust and self-confidence.

The identification of XPR1 as a voltage- and phosphate-activated phosphate-permeable ion channel.

Maintaining a balance of inorganic phosphate (Pi) is vital for cellular functionality due to Pi's essential role in numerous biological processes. Proper phosphate levels are managed through Pi import and export, facilitated by specific Pi transport proteins. Although the mechanisms of Pi import have been extensively studied, the processes governing Pi export remain less understood.

CICADA: a circRNA effort toward the ghost proteome.

Recent studies have confirmed that certain circRNAs encode proteins that are integral to various biological functions. In this study, we present CICADA, an algorithm specifically designed to assess the protein-coding potential and coding products of circRNAs at high throughput, which enables the identification of previously unknown circRNA-encoded proteins. By harnessing the potential of this algorithm, we identified a variety of functional, protein-coding circRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and established circRNA translation profiles for diverse types of cancer.

Midday napping duration and risk of stroke: A prospective study in China.

Background: Evidence on the potential effects of midday napping on risk of stroke in Chinese populations remains limited.

Objectives: We aimed to prospectively investigate the association between midday napping and risk of subsequent stroke and stroke subtypes in the Kailuan study.

Methods: Midday napping duration was obtained from a self-reported questionnaire.

The various associations between whole /regional fat mass and trajectory of cardiometabolic diseases: a nonlinear multistate model.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association of whole body/regional fat mass (FM) with cardiometabolic disease (CMD) trajectory.

Methods: We conducted a prospective analysis using the UK Biobank. The FM index (FMI), a surrogate for whole body FM, and regional FM (i.

Prognostic Factors in Postoperative Brain Metastases Derive From Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Brain metastases are crucial in cancer progression, requiring focused efforts on the screening, early detection, and treatment. However, accurate forecasting the postoperative prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer brain metastasis remains a challenge. This retrospective study aims to discern the factors that influence the prognosis of such patients.

Exploring hydrogen adsorption and release in 2D MC-MXenes: structural and functional insights.

Two-dimensional MC-MXenes, characterized by their lightweight nature, tunable surface structures, and strong affinity for hydrogen, hold significant promise for addressing various challenges in hydrogen energy utilization. This study focuses on investigating the hydrogen adsorption and desorption properties, as well as the stability of hydrogenated compounds in 19 pure MC-MXenes nanosheets. The results indicate that hydrogen adsorption on MC primarily occurs through weak physisorption, with MnC and FeC from the fourth period, and AgC and CdC from the fifth period exhibiting the lowest adsorption energies.

Gut microbiota-mediated hsa_circ_0126925 targets BCAA metabolic enzyme BCAT2 to exacerbate colorectal cancer progression.

Recent evidence indicates that a high-fat diet (HFD) can promote tumor development, especially colorectal cancer (CRC), by influencing the microbiota. Regulatory circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an important role in modulating host-microbe interactions; however, the specific mechanisms by which circRNAs influence cancer progression by regulating these interactions remain unclear. Here, we report that consumption of a HFD modulates the microbiota by specifically upregulating the expression of the noncoding RNA hsa_circ_0126925 (herein referred to as circ_0126925) in CRC.

Superior Capacitive Energy Storage Enabled by Molecularly Interpenetrating Interfaces in Layered Polymers.

Polymer dielectrics are essential for advanced electronics and electrical power systems, yet they suffer from low energy density (U) due to their low dielectric constant (K) and the inverse relationship between K and breakdown stength (E). Here a scalable approach utilizing the designed molecularly interpenetrating interfaces is presented to achieve all-organic dielectric polymers with high U and charge-dischage efficiency (η). Distinctive intermolecular interactions and microstructural changes, as demonstrated experimentally and theoretically, are introduced by the molecularly interpenetrating interfaces, resulting in simultaneous improvements in dielectric responses and mechanical strength while inhibiting electrical conduction - outcomes unattainable in conventional layered polymers.

Neck circumference, waist-to-height ratio, Chinese visceral adiposity index and incident heart failure.

Background: The indicators of abdominal obesity have shown to be associated with a high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), even adjusted for body mass index (BMI). We aimed to investigate the association between neck circumference, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) and incident heart failure (HF) in Chinese adults.

Methods: The current study included 86,546 participants from two independent cohorts: the Kailuan I study established in 2006 and the Kailuan study II established in 2008.

Reducing crystal symmetry to generate out-of-plane Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction.

The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya antisymmetric exchange interaction (DMI) stabilises topological spin textures with promising future spintronics applications. According to crystal symmetry, the DMI can be categorized as four different types that favour different chiral textures. Unlike the other three extensively-investigated types, out-of-plane DMI, as the last type that favours in-plane chirality, remained missing so far.

Dual-Function Self-Assembled Molecules as Hole-Transport Layers for Thermally Evaporated High-Efficiency Blue Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes.

Thermally evaporated perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) hold immense potential for future applications in the display industry. However, the performance of blue PeLEDs is far behind, one of the most important reasons is the lack of suitable hole-transporting materials. Herein, the study designs and synthesizes a new class of self-assembled monolayer (SAM) materials, namely, (2-(3,6-bis(4-formylphenyl)-9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl)phosphonic acid (C-2PACz) and (2-(3,6-bis(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl)phosphonic acid (S-2PACz).

High-Entropy Alloys in Catalysis: Progress, Challenges, and Prospects.

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have become pivotal materials in the field of catalysis, offering unique advantages due to their diverse elemental compositions and complex atomic structures. Recent advances in computational techniques, particularly density functional theory (DFT) and machine learning (ML), have significantly enhanced our understanding and design of HEAs for use in catalysis. These innovative atomistic simulations shed light on the properties of HEAs, enabling the discovery and optimization of catalysis materials for solid-solution structures.

Poly-γ-glutamic acid chelates chromium (III) and copper (II), alleviating their toxicity in cucumber and affecting rhizosphere bacterial community assembly.

The accumulation of chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu) in soil during industrialization and modernization poses an extreme threat to crops. Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) has the potential to stabilize heavy metals in soil through chelation because of the numerous carboxyl groups in its side chain. The rhizosphere microbiome contributes to plant detoxification by participating in heavy metal passivation.

Durability of a Metakaolin-Incorporated Cement-Based Grouting Material in High Geothermal Tunnels.

To improve the durability of cement-based grout in high geothermal tunnel grouting projects, metakaolin was incorporated to replace 8% of the cement. The permeability, chloride penetration, and sulfate and carbonate erosion tests were carried out on the grout cured at varying temperatures (20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 °C). It was shown that with the increase in curing temperature, the impermeability and resistance to chloride penetration initially increased and then decreased, reaching the highest values at 40 °C.