Association between oxidative balance score and serum cobalt level in population with metal implants: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2015-2020.

Background: Growing evidence indicates that metal implants influence the body's oxidative stress status, which in turn affects the degradation and stability of metal implants. The oxidative balance score (OBS) is a composite indicator, reflecting the overall oxidative balance of pro-and antioxidants of the human body. However, the associations between OBS and the level of metal ions on the population with metal implants remain to be elucidated.

A neurotrophin functioning with a Toll regulates structural plasticity in a dopaminergic circuit.

Experience shapes the brain as neural circuits can be modified by neural stimulation or the lack of it. The molecular mechanisms underlying structural circuit plasticity and how plasticity modifies behaviour are poorly understood. Subjective experience requires dopamine, a neuromodulator that assigns a value to stimuli, and it also controls behaviour, including locomotion, learning, and memory.

Implications of seawater characteristics on dissolved heavy metals in near-shore surface waters of the Yellow Sea.

To explore the response of dissolved heavy metals (HMs) along the Yellow Sea coast to seawater characteristics, we assessed the temporal and spatial variations as well as pollution levels of six dissolved HMs (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Hg, and As) in surface seawater from 2021 to 2023. The results indicated that the average concentrations of HMs in the seawater were ranked as follows: Zn > Cu > As > Pb > Cd > Hg, with specific concentration ranges of 4.70-7.

Eco-friendly fabrication of a delignified wood‑calcium alginate aerogel with improved mechanical properties for efficient thermal insulation and flame retardancy.

Wood based composites with low density and great flame retardancy are increasingly required as sustainable and low-carbon building materials for energy conservation. In this work, the symbiosis between bio-based calcium alginate (CaA) and delignified wood was fabricated to form delignified wood-CaA aerogel composites. The density of the delignified wood@CaA sample was dropped to only 89 kg/m from 120 kg/m of the control wood.

Optimizing Metabolite Production with Neighborhood-Based Binary Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization and Flux Balance Analysis.

Metabolic engineering is a rapidly evolving field that involves optimizing microbial cell factories to overproduce various industrial products. To achieve this, several tools, leveraging constraint-based stoichiometric models and metaheuristic algorithms like particle swarm optimization (PSO), have been developed. However, PSO can potentially get trapped in local optima.

Foreground separation knowledge distillation for object detection.

In recent years, deep learning models have become predominant methods for computer vision tasks, but the large computation and storage requirements of many models make them challenging to deploy on devices with limited resources. Knowledge distillation (KD) is a widely used approach for model compression. However, when applied in the object detection problems, the existing KD methods either directly applies the feature map or simply separate the foreground from the background by using a binary mask, aligning the attention between the teacher and the student models.

A review of carbohydrate polymer-synthesized nanoparticles in cancer immunotherapy: Past, present and future perspectives.

Cancer continues to be a leading factor in mortality and tackling it has been made difficult by the development of immune escape. Furthermore, alternative treatments like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation have been unsuccessful in eradicating cancer. Despite being effective, they have not succeeded in providing a full cancer treatment and exhibit several negative effects.

A Complex Concentrated Alloy with Record-High Strength-Toughness at 77 K.

High strength and large ductility, leading to a high material toughness (area under the stress-strain curve), are desirable for alloys used in cryogenic applications. Assisted by domain-knowledge-informed machine learning, here a complex concentrated FeCoNiAlTa alloy is designed, which uses L1 coherent nanoprecipitates in a high volume fraction (≈65 ± 3 vol.%) in a face-centered-cubic (FCC) solid solution matrix that undergoes FCC-to-body-centered-cubic (BCC) phase transformation upon tensile straining.

ISFM-SLAM: dynamic visual SLAM with instance segmentation and feature matching.

Introduction: Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is a technology used in intelligent systems such as robots and autonomous vehicles. Visual SLAM has become a more popular type of SLAM due to its acceptable cost and good scalability when applied in robot positioning, navigation and other functions. However, most of the visual SLAM algorithms assume a static environment, so when they are implemented in highly dynamic scenes, problems such as tracking failure and overlapped mapping are prone to occur.

The heat and irradiation driven degradation of the diagnostic pigments in marine phytoplankton and the compositions of special degradation products.

Marine phytoplankton stands as one of the most crucial components of marine ecosystems, so tracking it using appropriate biomarkers holds significant meaning. Chlorins are a sort of degradation products derived from the diagnostic pigment of marine phytoplankton and serve as valuable biomarkers for describing the temporal and spatial distribution of phytoplankton. However, previous research has not qualitatively or quantitatively studied multiple Chlorins, nor has it clearly revealed the conditions of their formation.

The interaction of cinchonine and immunoglobulin G and the development of a nanocomplex with improved anti-breast cancer activity.

In this study we evaluated the interaction of cinchonine (Cin) and immunoglobulin G (IgG). Then, Cin-IgG nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and characterized. Finally, the anticancer effects of free Cin and Cin-IgG NPs on MCF-7 breast cancer (BC) cells were evaluated.

IRIS, a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of interleukin-6 receptor inhibition undergoing endovascular treatment in acute anterior circulation ischaemic stroke: study rationale and design.

Rationale: Neuroprotective strategies based on reperfusion therapy hold substantial promise for acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). Preclinical research indicates that tocilizumab, an interleukin-6 receptor antagonist, can attenuate ischaemia-reperfusion damage by exerting anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.

Aim: To determine tocilizumab's efficacy and safety when combined with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (LVO).

Shape-Controlled Growth and Characterization of CdS Nanocrystals via Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy.

Controlling the growth, structure, and shape of CdS nanocrystals is crucial for harnessing their unique physicochemical properties across diverse applications. This control can be achieved by introducing chemical additives into the synthesis reaction mixture. However, precise manipulation of nanocrystal synthesis necessitates a thorough understanding of the formation mechanisms under various chemical conditions, a task that remains challenging.

Heterogeneity of pain-fatigue-sleep disturbance symptom clusters in lung cancer patients after chemotherapy: a latent profile analysis.

Purpose: Pain-fatigue-sleep disturbance symptom cluster (PFS) was common in patients with lung cancer and seriously affected the life quality of patients. However, the heterogeneity and subgroups of PFS were unclear in lung cancer patients after chemotherapy. This study was conducted to identify distinct subgroups of PFS in patients with lung cancer after chemotherapy, and explore the differences and risk factors of PFS subgroups.

Multi-Mechanism Collaborative Bionic Fixation Technique Between a Wide Range of Solid Interfaces.

For rough surfaces, stable, fast, and repeatable fixation has wide applicability in transportation, fire protection, and other fields. Different rough surfaces present technical challenges for achieving convenient and reliable fixation. Based on the highly adhesive attachment structures of typical organisms, a multi-mechanism (negative pressure adsorption, mechanical locking, and chemical bonding) cooperative bionic fixation device is proposed.

The effect of silicate on polyamine oxidase genes in Skeletonema dohrnii.

By using Skeletonema dohrnii as the experimental algal species, we investigated how silicate concentration impacts the polyamine metabolism of diatoms in our experiment. Three different silicate concentrations were set for cultivation, and Skeletonema dohrnii at the exponential growth phase was selected to analyze basic physiological parameters, polyamine content, and Polyamine oxidase (PAO) gene expression under varying silicate concentrations. Results showed that low silicate concentrations led to reduced growth rate and polyamine content, with down-regulation of PAO gene expression.

A 3D dental model dataset with pre/post-orthodontic treatment for automatic tooth alignment.

Traditional orthodontic treatment relies on subjective estimations of orthodontists and iterative communication with technicians to achieve desired tooth alignments. This process is time-consuming, complex, and highly dependent on the orthodontist's experience. With the development of artificial intelligence, there's a growing interest in leveraging deep learning methods to achieve tooth alignment automatically.

Application of polyamide 56 nanofiber membrane loaded with coffee grounds carbon dots in Fe detection.

One novel nanofiber membrane was fabricated which could detect Fe with the help of either fluorescence spectrometer or smartphone. Coffee grounds carbon dots (CCDs) were prepared by the solvent-thermal method, followed by the fabrication of CCDs/polyamide 56 (PA56) composite nanofiber membrane through electrospinning process. The 4 % CCDs/PA56 composite nanofiber membrane (FNM4) maintained good fluorescence performance (λ = 554 nm, λ = 470 nm) even after 5-runs quenching-recovery cycles.

Controlled Sensor Derived from COF Materials for the Effective Detection of -Methylpyrrolidone.

-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) is an excellent advanced solvent that can be easily absorbed by the human body and has the characteristics of flammability and explosion. To reduce the risk, the environmental concentrations of NMP need to be measured. A series of covalent organic frameworks (COF) connected by an imine bond have been successfully prepared at room temperature by changing the synthesis time catalyzed by scandium(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate (Sc(OTf)).

Activation of PAR1 contributes to ferroptosis of Schwann cells and inhibits regeneration of myelin sheath after sciatic nerve crush injury in rats via Hippo-YAP/ACSL4 pathway.

Objective: Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is characterized by high incidence and sequela rate. Recently, there was increasing evidence that has shown ferroptosis may impede functional recovery. Our objective is to explore the novel mechanism that regulates ferroptosis after PNI.

Organic Photoredox Catalytic Difluoroalkylation of Unactivated Olefins to Access Difluoro-Containing Tetrahydropyridazines.

Herein, we disclose a readily available phenothiazine derivative as an organocatalyst, which upon excitation with 371 nm light acquires a strongly reducing power and serves to induce the radical cascade difluoromethylation/cyclization reaction of -homoallylacetohydrazides. A variety of CFCOR-tetrahydropyridazines have been obtained in moderate to excellent yields. This catalytic platform proceeds under metal-free conditions with a wide substrate scope and broad functional group compatibility, which unlocks the new reactivity of phenothiazine derivatives and adds significant synthetic value to -heterocycles.