Effect of Low-pressure Pulmonary Recruitment Maneuver on Postlaparoscopic Shoulder Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Study Objective: Postlaparoscopic shoulder pain (PLSP) is effectively reduced by a pulmonary recruitment maneuver (PRM). The goal of this study is to assess the efficacy of a PRM using maximal inspiratory pressure of 30 cm HO, which is lower than previously studied pressure for reducing PLSP.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Association of breast cancer-related microRNA polymorphisms with idiopathic primary ovarian insufficiency.

Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate whether breast cancer-related microRNA polymorphisms are associated with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) risk.

Methods: Four breast cancer-related microRNA polymorphisms (miR-27aA > G [rs895819], miR-135bC > T [rs74141216], miR-423C > A [rs6505162], and miR-608G > C [rs4919510]) were genotyped in 136 women with idiopathic POI and 224 controls of Korean ethnicity using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Differences in genotype frequencies between cases and controls were compared.

Genetic variants in microRNA machinery genes are associated [corrected] with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss risk.

Objective: Key molecules involved in microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis, such as DROSHA, XPO5, and DICER, have been identified in trophoblast cells, confirming that the miRNA biogenesis pathway is active in human placenta. In addition, miRNAs regulate uterine gene expression associated with inflammatory responses during the peri-implantation period and participate in maternal-fetal immune tolerance. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate whether genetic polymorphisms in miRNA machinery genes show an association with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in Korean women.

Association of five common polymorphisms in the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene with primary ovarian insufficiency.

Objective: To investigate the association between potentially functional plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) genetic polymorphisms and primary ovarian insufficiency (POI).

Design: Case-control study.

Setting: Urban university-based hospital.

Association of inhibin α gene promoter polymorphisms with risk of idiopathic primary ovarian insufficiency in Korean women.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether two polymorphisms in the promoter region of inhibin alpha (INHA) are associated with risk of idiopathic primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) in Korean women, which is a controversial topic.

Study Design: We genotyped the INHA polymorphisms c.-16C>T (rs35118453) and c.

Genetic association of five plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) polymorphisms and idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss in Korean women.

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is important for maintaining pregnancy. Aberrantly increased PAI-1 levels may contribute to thrombosis and inflammation, leading to pregnancy loss. This study investigated the association of PAI-1 polymorphisms (PAI-1 rs2227631 [-844G>A], rs1799889 [-675 4G/5G], rs6092 [43G>A], rs2227694 [9785G>A], and rs7242 [11053T>G]) with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in Korean women.

Magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound surgery for symptomatic uterine fibroids: estimation of treatment efficacy using thermal dose calculations.

Objective: To study the correlation between the predicted thermal dose volume (TDV) and the actual ablation volumes in MR-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) for symptomatic uterine fibroids, and to follow up the outcome for 12 months post-treatment.

Study Design: Phase-difference fast spoiled gradient-echo MR images were used to analyze thermal change during the energy deliveries of MRgFUS in 60 consecutive patients treated for symptomatic uterine fibroids. The TDV obtained through analysis of these MR images was compared with the non-perfused volume (NPV) measured on post-treatment contrast enhanced T1-weighted images.

A randomized, multi-center, clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of alginate carboxymethylcellulose hyaluronic acid compared to carboxymethylcellulose hyaluronic acid to prevent postoperative intrauterine adhesion.

Study Objective: To estimate the efficacy of alginate carboxymethylcellulose hyaluronic acid (ACH) gel to prevent intrauterine adhesions after hysteroscopic surgery in comparison with carboxymethylcellulose hyaluronic acid (CH) gel, which is known as an effective adhesion inhibitor.

Design: Randomized, multicenter, single-blind, clinical trial (Canadian Task Force classification I).

Setting: Tertiary university hospital.

Association of the miR-146aC>G, miR-149T>C, miR-196a2T>C, and miR-499A>G polymorphisms with risk of spontaneously aborted fetuses.

Problem: The miR-196a2T>C and miR-499A>G polymorphisms have been reported to be genetic risk factors for recurrent spontaneous abortion; however, that previous study focused on the genetic analyses of pregnant women rather than aborted fetuses. Because annexin A1 is a target of miR-196a2 and is related to anti-inflammation, miR-196a2 may be immunologically important. Moreover, miR-146a, miR-149, miR-196a2, and miR-499 have shown associations with immune responses.

Association of miR-146aC>G, miR-196a2T>C, and miR-499A>G polymorphisms with risk of premature ovarian failure in Korean women.

We investigated whether microRNA (miRNA) polymorphisms (miR-146aC>G, miR-196a2T>C, and miR-499A>G) confer risk of premature ovarian failure (POF) in Korean women. DNA samples from 136 patients with POF and 234 controls were genotyped for the 3 miRNA single-nucleotide polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The miR-146aCG/miR-196a2TC combined genotype was less frequent in patients than in controls (P < .

Association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR 677C>T) and thymidylate synthase (TSER and TS 1494del6) polymorphisms with premature ovarian failure in Korean women.

Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate whether methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene variant (MTHFR 677C>T) and thymidylate synthase (TS) gene variants (TS enhancer region [TSER] and TS 1494del6) confer a risk for premature ovarian failure (POF).

Methods: We genotyped 136 POF patients and 236 controls among Korean women for the three single nucleotide polymorphism sites using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Differences in the MTHFR 677C>T, TSER, and TS 1494del6 genotype frequencies between POF patients and controls were compared, and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were determined as a measure of the strength of the association between genotypes and POF.

Association between kinase insert domain-containing receptor polymorphisms (-604T>C, 1192G>A, 1719A>T) and premature ovarian failure in Korean women.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate whether the -604T>C, 1192G>A, and 1719A>T polymorphisms in the kinase insert domain-containing receptor (KDR) gene confer risk for premature ovarian failure (POF) in Korean women.

Methods: DNA samples from 133 POF patients and 230 controls were genotyped for the three KDR single nucleotide polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.

Results: The POF patients had significantly increased frequencies of the KDR -604TC and -604TC + CC genotypes (odds ratio [OR], 1.

Solute Carrier Family 19, member 1 (SLC19A1) polymorphisms (-43T>C, 80G>A, and 696C>T), and haplotypes in idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion in a Korean population.

The objective was to investigate the association between idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and 3 SLC19A1 polymorphisms (-43T>C, 80G>A, and 696C>T). DNA from 269 patients with RSA and 125 controls were genotyped for the 3 SLC19A1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Homocysteine and folate levels of 100 patients with RSA were available for analysis.

Association study of microRNA polymorphisms with risk of idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion in Korean women.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of microRNA polymorphisms (miR-146aC>G, miR-149T>C, miR-196a2T>C, and miR-499A>G) in Korean patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA).

Methods: We conducted a case-control study of 564 Korean women: 330 patients with at least two unexplained consecutive pregnancy losses and 234 healthy controls with at least one live birth and no history of pregnancy loss.

Results: RSA patients exhibited significantly different frequencies of the miR-196a2CC (TT+TC vs.

Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms in spontaneously aborted fetuses.

Problems: The VEGF-1154G>A polymorphism has been reported to be a genetic risk factor for recurrent spontaneous abortion in various studies; however, these studies have focused on genetic analyses of pregnant women rather than aborted fetuses. To evaluate and confirm the association between the VEGF-1154G>A polymorphism and spontaneous abortion, we focused on the relationship between four polymorphisms in the VEGF gene (-2578C>A, -1154G>A, -634G>C, and 936C>T) and spontaneously aborted fetuses (SAFs).

Method Of Study: The subjects included 118 SAFs at <20 weeks gestation and 380 normal controls consisting of children and adults.

Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms in Korean patients with premature ovarian failure.

Objective: To study the association of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphisms (-2578C>A, -1154G>A, -634G>C, and 936C>T) with premature ovarian failure (POF) in Korean patients.

Study Design: Prospective case-control study. One hundred and thirty five patients with POF and confirmed serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels of >40IU/L before the age of 40 years and 120 healthy controls with at least one live birth, regular menstrual cycles, and karyotype 46, XX.

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms (-786T>C, 4a4b, 894G>T) and haplotypes in Korean patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Objective: To investigate the association of three common polymorphisms (-786T>C, 4a4b, 894G>T) of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene with idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA).

Study Design: In a prospective case-control study, 340 patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion and 115 controls with at least one live birth and no history of pregnancy loss were enrolled. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis were performed to identify the genotypes.

Long-term results of symptomatic fibroids treated with uterine artery embolization: in conjunction with MR evaluation.

Objective: The aim of the present study is to determine long-term clinical efficacy of uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) for symptomatic fibroids in conjunction with MR evaluation.

Materials And Methods: Sixteen patients with a follow-up period of 4 years or longer were analyzed retrospectively. Ages ranged from 27 to 45 (mean 39.

Effect of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthase enhancer region polymorphisms on the risk of idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion in a Korean population.

Previous studies reported an association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms and recurrent spontaneous abortion, whereas no studies are available for the association with thymidylate synthase enhancer region (TSER) genotypes. Mutations of MTHFR and TSER are not likely significant risk factors of idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion in Korean women.

Successful use of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery to relieve symptoms in a patient with symptomatic focal adenomyosis.

Objective: To report a successful treatment of symptomatic adenomyosis using magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS).

Design: Case study.

Setting: General hospital.

Patient selection guidelines in MR-guided focused ultrasound surgery of uterine fibroids: a pictorial guide to relevant findings in screening pelvic MRI.

Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids), the most common benign tumor in women of childbearing age, can cause symptoms including dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, urinary symptoms, pain and infertility. Hysterectomy is a common approach to treating uterine fibroids, and less invasive surgical approaches such as myomectomy and uterine artery embolization also have been shown to alleviate symptoms. Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) is the only totally non-invasive surgical approved method for treating uterine fibroids.

Long-term results of uterine artery embolization for symptomatic adenomyosis.

Objective: Controversy exists regarding the effectiveness of uterine artery embolization (UAE) in the management of symptomatic adenomyosis. The aim our study was to determine the long-term clinical efficacy of UAE in the management of symptomatic adenomyosis without fibroids.

Materials And Methods: The cases of all patients who underwent UAE for adenomyosis without fibroids between 1998 and 2000 were analyzed.

Prevalent genotypes of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR C677T and A1298C) in spontaneously aborted embryos.

Objective: To assess prevalent 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms in spontaneously aborted embryos.

Design: A retrospectively analyzed, prospectively obtained database.

Setting: Bundang CHA General Hospital and Kangnam CHA Hospital.

Influence of combined methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and thymidylate synthase enhancer region (TSER) polymorphisms to plasma homocysteine levels in Korean patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Objectives: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) mutations known to be associated with hyperhomocysteinemia may be a risk factor for recurrent spontaneous abortion. Recently 28-bp tandem repeat polymorphism in thymidylate synthase enhancer region (TSER) was reported to affect plasma homocysteine level. We investigated the association between plasma homocysteine level and MTHFR and TSER genotypes.