Scalable Low-Temperature CO Electrolysis: Current Status and Outlook.

The electrochemical CO reduction (eCOR) in membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) has brought e-chemical production one step closer to commercialization because of its advantages of minimized ohmic resistance and stackability. However, the current performance of reported eCOR in MEAs is still far below the threshold for economic feasibility where low overall cell voltage (<2 V) and extensive stability (>5 years) are required. Furthermore, while the production cost of e-chemicals heavily relies on the carbon capture and product separation processes, these areas have received much less attention compared to CO electrolysis, itself.