Chinese guidelines for ultrasound-guided thermal ablation of thyroid nodules (2024 Edition).

The Chinese Guidelines for Ultrasound-guided Thermal Ablation of Thyroid Nodules (2024 edition) were jointly initiated by the Ultrasound Committee of Chinese Medical Association, the Interventional Ultrasound Committee of Chinese Association of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, the Ultrasonic Intervention Committee of Chinese Colleges of Interventionalists, the Oncological Intervention Committee of Chinese Research Hospital Association, 37 multidisciplinary experts in interventional ultrasound, ultrasound medicine, endocrinology and thyroid surgery participated in the compilation of this guide, which expanded the depth and breadth of the perspective and enhanced the authority of the guide. Based on the systematic review of literatures related to ultrasound-guided thermal ablation of thyroid nodules and the professional opinions of experts, the guidelines define the indications and contraindications of thermal ablation, including pre-ablation evaluation and preparation, thermal ablation techniques and operational procedures, post-ablation follow-up, therapeutic effect evaluation, complications prevention and treatment, and the writing of medical documents for ablation. According to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE), a total of 17 objective and comprehensive recommendations were given.

Handheld fans for dyspnoea in respiratory failure: randomised controlled trial.

Objective: Fan therapy is widely acknowledged as an essential component in the management of dyspnoea with numerous studies supporting its efficacy in alleviating dyspnoea among patients with chronic illnesses. However, there is limited evidence regarding the effectiveness of fan therapy in reducing dyspnoea in patients with respiratory failure undergoing continuous oxygen therapy. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of fan therapy in mitigating dyspnoea in this specific patient population through a randomised controlled trial.

Reliability and Availability of the 2017 EULAR-OMERACT Scoring System for Ultrasound Synovitis Assessment: Results From a Training and Reading Exercise.

Objective: To evaluate the availability and reliability of the European League Against Rheumatisms Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Synovitis (EULAR-OMERACT) scoring system among radiologists with different levels of musculoskeletal ultrasound (US) experience in assessing synovitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Method: The patients with RA were retrospectively recruited from January 2020 to March 2022. Five radiologists with different levels of US experience were recruited for the reader study (R1-5), which included two parts.

Synergistically Augmenting Cancer Immunotherapy by Physical Manipulation of Pyroptosis Induction.

Pyroptosis is a newly recognized type of programmed cell death mediated by the gasdermin family and caspase. It is characterized by the formation of inflammasomes and the following inflammatory responses. Recent studies have elucidated the value of pyroptosis induction in cancer treatment.

Long-term and multiscale assessment of methanogenesis enhancement mechanisms in magnetite nanoparticle-mediated anaerobic digestion reactor.

Magnetite nanoparticles (FeO-NPs) have been demonstrated to be involved in direct interspecies electron transfer between syntrophic bacteria, yet a comprehensive assessment of the ability of FeO-NPs to cope with process instability and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) accumulation in scaled-up anaerobic reactors is still lacking. Here, we investigated the start-up characteristics of an expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) with FeO-NPs as an adjuvant at high organic loading rate (OLR). The results showed that the methane production rate of R1 (with FeO-NPs) was approximately 1.

Deep learning driven diagnosis of malignant soft tissue tumors based on dual-modal ultrasound images and clinical indexes.

Background: Soft tissue tumors (STTs) are benign or malignant superficial neoplasms arising from soft tissues throughout the body with versatile pathological types. Although Ultrasonography (US) is one of the most common imaging tools to diagnose malignant STTs, it still has several drawbacks in STT diagnosis that need improving.

Objectives: The study aims to establish this deep learning (DL) driven Artificial intelligence (AI) system for predicting malignant STTs based on US images and clinical indexes of the patients.

Case report: Intrahepatic cholangiectasis with infection.

infections persist globally among humans. These pathogens mainly inhabit the intrahepatic biliary system. Most individuals with clonorchiasis exhibit mild symptoms.

Study of cooling experiment and simulation for edible oil storage.

This paper proposes a refrigerant cooling method using an inner tube in a storage tank to improve the cooling performance and thermal uniformity during the storing of edible oil. With a prototype of an oil tank in Central Grain Reserve of Zhenjiang, the experimental oil tank was built in a scale of 50:1. Both natural and manual cooling experiments were carried out for the experimental tank.

Correction: MnO/Ce6 microbubble-mediated hypoxia modulation for enhancing sono-photodynamic therapy against triple negative breast cancer.

Correction for 'MnO/Ce6 microbubble-mediated hypoxia modulation for enhancing sono-photodynamic therapy against triple negative breast cancer' by Ping Li , , 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3bm00931a.

MnO/Ce6 microbubble-mediated hypoxia modulation for enhancing sono-photodynamic therapy against triple negative breast cancer.

Sono-photodynamic therapy (SPDT) has emerged as a promising treatment modality for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the hypoxic tumor microenvironment hinders the application of SPDT. Herein, in this study, a multifunctional platform (MnO/Ce6@MBs) was designed to address this issue.

Investigations on ultrasonography in the diagnosis of nodular localized cutaneous neurofibroma.

Objective: To describe the ultrasound characteristics of nodular localized cutaneous neurofibroma (NLCN).

Materials And Methods: Clinical features and ultrasound characteristics of 43 lesions of 40 patients pathologically proven as NLCNs at Peking University Shenzhen Hospital from October 2014 to May 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. The location, length-to-thickness (L/T) ratio, thickness-to-width (T/W) ratio, shape, margin, capsule, echogenicity, echotexture, posterior features, vascularity, and "rat tail sign" were evaluated.

Inflammation and comorbidities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: The cytokines put on a mask!

Objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a well-known complex multicomponent disease characterized by systemic inflammation that frequently coexists with other conditions. We investigated the relationship between some inflammatory markers and complications in COPD patients to explore the possible roles of inflammation in these comorbidities.

Methods: This study used cross-sectional and case-control methods.

Benefit of Using Both Ultrasound Imaging and Clinical Information for Predicting Malignant Soft Tissue Tumors.

Objective: Ultrasonography (US) is the primary imaging method for soft tissue tumors (STTs), the diagnostic performance of which still requires improvement. To achieve an accurate evaluation of STTs, we built the diagnostic nomogram for STTs using the clinical and US features of patients with STTs.

Methods: A total of 613 patients with 195 malignant and 418 benign STTs were retrospectively recruited.

Ultrasound features and differential diagnosis for superficial nodular fasciitis.

Background: Nodular fasciitis (NF) has nonspecific clinical manifestations and is often misdiagnosed as sarcoma. The investigations of imaging methods for NF were limited.

Objective: To analyze the ultrasound (US) features of NF, and to evaluate the diagnostic value of US for NF.

Manipulating Neovasculature-Targeting Capability of Biomimetic Nanodiscs for Synergistic Photoactivatable Tumor Infarction and Chemotherapy.

Tumor infarction therapy is a promising antitumor strategy with the advantages of taking a short therapy duration, less risk of resistance, and effectiveness against a wide range of tumor types. However, its clinical application is largely hindered by tumor recurrence in the surviving rim and the potential risk of thromboembolic events due to nonspecific vasculature targeting. Herein, a neovasculature-targeting synthetic high-density lipoprotein (sHDL) nanodisc loaded with pyropheophorbide-a and camptothecin (CPN) was fabricated for photoactivatable tumor infarction and synergistic chemotherapy.

Biogenic Imaging Contrast Agents.

Imaging contrast agents are widely investigated in preclinical and clinical studies, among which biogenic imaging contrast agents (BICAs) are developing rapidly and playing an increasingly important role in biomedical research ranging from subcellular level to individual level. The unique properties of BICAs, including expression by cells as reporters and specific genetic modification, facilitate various in vitro and in vivo studies, such as quantification of gene expression, observation of protein interactions, visualization of cellular proliferation, monitoring of metabolism, and detection of dysfunctions. Furthermore, in human body, BICAs are remarkably helpful for disease diagnosis when the dysregulation of these agents occurs and can be detected through imaging techniques.

Ultrasound Assessment of Entheseal Sites and Anterior Chest Wall in Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives: The study was designed to evaluate entheseal sites and anterior chest wall (ACW) of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) using ultrasound (US) and investigate the correlation between disease activity and US score.

Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included 104 patients with AS and 50 control subjects. Each patient underwent US scanning of 23 entheses and 11 sites of the ACW.

Ultrasound for Breast Cancer Screening in Resource-Limited Settings: Current Practice and Future Directions.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer among women globally. Cancer screening can reduce mortality and improve women's health. In developed countries, mammography (MAM) has been primarily utilized for population-based BC screening for several decades.

Photoacoustic/ultrasound-guided gene silencing: Multifunctional microbubbles for treating adjuvant-induced arthritis.

Aims: To effectively deliver small interfering RNA (siRNA) to inflammatory tissues for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we developed the multifunctional microbubbles (MBs) to perform photoacoustic/ultrasound-guided gene silencing.

Methods: Fluorescein amidite (FAM)-labelled tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-siRNA and cationic MBs were mixed to fabricate FAM-TNF-α-siRNA-cMBs. The cell transfection efficacy of FAM-TNF-α-siRNA-cMBs was evaluated in vitro on RAW264.

Successful Ultrasound-Guided Methotrexate Intervention in the Treatment of Heterotopic Interstitial Pregnancy: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Purpose: This study aims to share the experience of minimally invasive ultrasound-guided methotrexate intervention in the treatment of heterotopic interstitial pregnancy (HIP) with good pregnancy outcomes, and to review the treatment, pregnancy outcomes, and impact on the future fertility of HIP patients.

Methods: The paper describes the medical history, clinical manifestations, treatment history, and clinical prognosis of a 31-year-old woman with HIP, and reviews cases of HIP from 1992 to 2021 published in the PubMed database.

Results: The patient was diagnosed with HIP by transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) at 8 weeks after assisted reproductive technology.

The Role of CD40, CD86, and Glutathione S-Transferase Omega 1 in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Objective: The aim of the study was to explore the relevance of CD40, CD86, and GSTO1 with the pathogenesis of COPD.

Methods: Patients with acute exacerbation of COPD were contrasted with the healthy and nonsmoking ones and smoking but without COPD ones. The changes of CD40, CD86, and GSTO1 in the peripheral blood, collected from different groups, were detected by flow cytometry and western blotting, respectively.

High-Resolution Ultrasound of the Forefoot and Common Pathologies.

Forefoot pain is common in clinical practice. Careful history taking and routine physical examination are initially performed for diagnosis, but imaging can confirm the clinical suspicion and play a key role in management. Ultrasound (US) can provide a visualization of the fine anatomy of the forefoot and is a useful method for evaluating various lesions causing forefoot pain.

Photoacoustic-triggered nanomedicine delivery to internal organs using a dual-wavelength laparoscope.

Precise drug delivery for internal organs is always an important clinical issue. In this study, we developed a dual-wavelength optical resolution photoacoustic laparoscope, and achieved precise and efficient delivery of nanomedicine to multiple abdominal organs. The laparoscope integrated 532 and 820 nm light to map the vascular network, and visually deliver the nanoparticles to the targeted area using photoacoustic radiation force, respectively.