Which stakeholders should be addressed to promote Geriatric Medicine among healthcare professionals, educationalists and policy-makers in European countries? - the PROGRAMMING COST 21,122 action experience.

Background: Geriatric Medicine (GM), concerned with well-being and health of older adults, can play a crucial role in the alignment of healthcare systems to the needs of the aged populations. However, countries have varying GM development backgrounds. The goal of PROGRAMMING- COST 21,122 Action is to propose the content of education and training activities in GM for healthcare professionals across various clinical settings, adapted to local context, needs, and assets.

Predictivity of the Prognostic Nutritional Index and Systemic Inflammation Index for All-Cause In-Hospital Mortality in Geriatric and Adult COVID-19 Inpatients.

The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and the systemic immune inflammation index (SII) have been used as simple risk-stratification predictors for COVID-19 severity and mortality in the general population. However, the associations between these indices and mortality might differ due to age-related changes such as inflammaging and several comorbid conditions in older patients. Therefore, we aimed to compare the predictivity of the PNI and SII for mortality among hospitalized older patients and patients under 65 years old.

Evaluation of sarcopenia and phase angle in elderly patients with Parkinson's Disease.

Purpose: To investigate sarcopenia and related factors and to determine the disease-specific phase angle (PhA) cut-off score in detecting sarcopenia in elderly patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD).

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 89 participants. The Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA), the Eating Attitude Test-10 (EAT-10), the Physical Activity Scale for The Elderly (PASE) questionnaire and the Hoehn-Yahr scale have been used.

Evaluation of falls in older persons in the emergency department during the early Coronavirus-2019 pandemic and pre-pandemic periods.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, outcomes and healthcare costs of older patients presented to the emergency department (ED) with falls in the periods before and during the Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: Hospital records one year before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic were retrospectively analyzed through "International Statistical Classification of Diseases-10th Revision" codes. Age, gender, falls, triage classification, length of stay (LOS) in the hospital and the ED, COVID-19 status, Glasgow Coma scale, consultations-comorbidities, injury status, outcomes in the ED, and costs were recorded.

Comparison of Grip Strength Measurements by Widely Used Three Dynamometers in Outpatients Aged 60 Years and Over.

Grip strength (GS) is widely used in various fields such as sports, rehabilitation, and geriatrics to assess muscle strength, and to diagnose sarcopenia and frailty in older adults. There is a potential for measurement differences among different dynamometers available, and studies comparing GS measurements by variable tools have conflicting results. The two most frequently used dynamometers are the Jamar hydraulic (Jamar) and spring-type hand grip dynamometers, and Jamar has not been compared to Jamar PLUS+ Digital (Jamar+) dynamometer in older adults.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on well-being of seniors attending online programs at University of the Third Age: a follow-up study.

Background: Reports on psychological effects of quarantine during past outbreaks and pandemics showed that quarantined people were more likely to experience psychological problems than those who were not. It was also shown that there was an increase in anxiety, depression, and stress in all age groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. So, we investigated emotional states and quality of life as components of general well-being in older participants of University of the Third Age (U3A) attending online programs during the second year of the pandemic, and compared them with the pre-pandemic COVID-19 period.

Predictability of Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosed by Body Mass Index for Cardiovascular Risk in Older Patients Treated with Levothyroxine.

Background: We investigated the prevalence and metabolic features of two definitions of meta-bolic syndrome (MS) between older patients with chronic thyroiditis treated with levothyroxine (LT4) and controls. We also assessed the ability of both criteria to predict cardiovascular (CV) risk.

Methods: This cross-sectional, retrospective study included individuals aged ≥60 years who attended a geriatric outpatient clinic between January 2015 and December 2018.

Risk of sarcopenia in hospitalized patients and related clinical factors: a multicenter study from Turkey.

Purpose: To investigate the risk of sarcopenia in hospitalized older patients and to assess the associations between sarcopenia risk and health care outcomes including dependency, malnutrition, and dysphagia.

Methods: This multicenter cross-sectional study was a part of the annual National Prevalence Measurement of Quality of Care (LPZ) in Turkey. Hospitalized patients age 65 and older were included in the study.

The prevalence and risk factors for urinary incontinence among inpatients, a multicenter study from Turkey.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and the factors associated with urinary incontinence (UI) among inpatients in Turkey.

Method: The population of this study comprised of patients screened by the "National Prevalence Measurement of Quality of Care (LPZ)" study in 2017 and 2018. Age, gender, comorbidities, length of hospital stay, sedative medications, SARC-F score, anthropometric measurements, and care parameters such as malnutrition, falls, UI-fecal incontinence (FI), restraints, and care dependency score (CDS) were noted.

Turkish inappropriate medication use in the elderly (TIME) criteria to improve prescribing in older adults: TIME-to-STOP/TIME-to-START.

Purpose: To improve prescribing in older adults, criterion sets have been introduced from different countries. While current criterion sets are useful to some extent, they do not meet the need in some European countries. Turkish inappropriate medication use in the elderly (TIME) criteria was planned to meet this need.

A cross-sectional study on sarcopenia using EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 criteria with regional thresholds and different adjustments in a specific geriatric outpatient clinic.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia according to different methods in older outpatients using regional threshold values of muscle mass and muscle strength.

Methods: We used data from our university hospital's geriatric outpatient clinic specific to endocrinological problems, retrospectively. Sarcopenia was defined according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP)1 and EWGSOP2 criteria using regional threshold values of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) with the use of different adjustments, and also according to EWGSOP2 with regional threshold values of grip strength.

Self Reported Dysphagia is not Associated with Sarcopenia Defined by the Revised EWGSOP2 Criteria and Regional Thresholds at the Hospital Among Ambulatory Older Patients.

Introduction: Dysphagia and sarcopenia are geriatric syndromes, and they are shown to be related. There is no study on dysphagia and sarcopenia with the revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP)2 criteria.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate dysphagia and sarcopenia with the revised criteria implementing regional thresholds for skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in hospitalized older patients.

Prevalence of sarcopenia and related factors in community-dwelling elderly individuals.

Objectives:  To determine the prevalence of sarcopenia and related factors in individuals aged ≥65 years living in the Bornova district of Izmir, Turkey. Sarcopenia is one of the most serious health problems among elderly individuals.

Methods:  This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Bornova district of Izmir, Turkey, between February-July 2015.

European postgraduate curriculum in geriatric medicine developed using an international modified Delphi technique.

Background: the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS-GMS) recommendations for training in Geriatric Medicine were published in 1993. The practice of Geriatric Medicine has developed considerably since then and it has therefore become necessary to update these recommendations.

Methods: under the auspices of the UEMS-GMS, the European Geriatric Medicine Society (EuGMS) and the European Academy of Medicine of Ageing (EAMA), a group of experts, representing all member states of the respective bodies developed a new framework for education and training of specialists in Geriatric Medicine using a modified Delphi technique.

Association of sarcopenia with depressive symptoms and functional status among ambulatory community-dwelling elderly.

Objective: Sarcopenia, functional disability, and depression are common problems in the elderly. Sarcopenia is associated with physical disability, functional impairment, depression, cardiometabolic diseases, and even mortality. This study aims to determine the association of sarcopenia with depression and functional status among ambulatory community-dwelling elderly aged 65 years and older.

Reliability Study in Five Languages of the Translation of the Pain Observational Scale Algoplus.

Objective: Acute pain is frequent and underestimated in older persons, especially when they suffer from cognitive impairment. Algoplus is an observational scale for acute pain evaluation, validated in French in older persons with communication disorders. We present the validation by an international expert team of the Algoplus scale in five languages: English, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, and Turkish.

The association of plasma homocysteine, coronary risk factors and serum nitrite in patients with coronary artery disease, vascular syndrome x and healthy subjects.

Objective: We evaluated the association of plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), cardiac risk factors and total nitrite in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, cardiac syndrome X patients and in healthy subjects.

Methods: Forty two CAD, 22 cardiac syndrome X patients and 30 healthy subjects, aged 30 to 75 years were included into the study. Blood samples of tHcy, serum total nitrite and cardiac risk factors were studied appropriately.