An Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Behçet Disease Uveitis in Adults.

: To develop an algorithm for the diagnosis of Behçet's disease (BD) uveitis based on ocular findings.: Following an initial survey among uveitis experts, we collected multi-center retrospective data on 211 patients with BD uveitis and 207 patients with other uveitides, and identified ocular findings with a high diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). Subsequently, we collected multi-center prospective data on 127 patients with BD uveitis and 322 controls and developed a diagnostic algorithm using Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis and expert opinion.

Effect of Interferon alfa-2a Treatment on Adaptive and Innate Immune Systems in Patients With Behçet Disease Uveitis.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of interferon alfa-2a on T regulatory (Treg) cells, T helper 17 (Th17) cells, and expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in Behçet disease (BD) patients with uveitis.

Methods: Twenty-seven patients who received interferon alfa-2a for active BD uveitis despite conventional immunomodulatory therapies and healthy controls were enrolled. Peripheral blood Treg and Th17 cell frequencies were determined by flow cytometry as gated cells for CD3+CD4+Foxp3+ and CD3+CD4+IL17A+, respectively.

Unilateral paraneoplastic optic disc edema and retinal periphlebitis in pineal germinoma.

Purpose: To describe a unilateral ocular paraneoplastic syndrome in pineal germinoma.

Observations: A 24-year-old male presented with diplopia, excessive thirst, and frequent urination. Cranial MRI showed a mass in pineal gland.

Screening for Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Active Uveitis.

Purpose: To screen for psychological disorders in patients with active uveitis.

Methods: Patients were screened for depression (BDI-II), state anxiety (STAI-I), VR-QOL (NEI-VFQ-25), and HR-QOL (SF-36). Association of depression and anxiety with sociodemographic and clinical parameters and with VR-QOL and HR-QOL were analyzed.

Interferon Alpha for the Treatment of Cystoid Macular Edema Associated with Presumed Ocular Tuberculosis.

Purpose: To report the efficacy and safety of interferon (IFN) α-2a in patients with cystoid macular edema (CME) associated with presumed ocular tuberculosis (TB).

Methods: We reviewed the clinical records of 5 patients with presumed ocular TB who had been treated with IFN α-2a for recurrent CME during or after completion of anti-tubercular therapy. IFN α-2a was administered at an initial dose of 3 million IU per day and then tapered after the initial response.

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL ALTERATIONS IN THE CHOROID OF PATIENTS WITH ACTIVE BEHÇET UVEITIS.

Purpose: To quantitatively analyze in vivo morphology of subfoveal choroid during an acute attack of Behçet uveitis.

Methods: In this prospective study, 28 patients with Behçet uveitis of ≤4-year duration, and 28 control subjects underwent enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography. A novel custom software was used to calculate choroidal stroma-to-choroidal vessel lumen ratio.

Diverse Clinical Signs of Ocular Involvement in Cat Scratch Disease.

Objectives: To describe ocular manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of cat scratch disease.

Materials And Methods: Clinical records of patients with ocular cat scratch disease were reviewed.

Results: Thirteen eyes of 10 patients (7 female, 3 male) with a mean age of 26.

Failure to Integrate Quantitative Measurement Methods of Ocular Inflammation Hampers Clinical Practice and Trials on New Therapies for Posterior Uveitis.

Uveitis is one of the fields in ophthalmology where a tremendous evolution took place in the past 25 years. Not only did we gain access to more efficient, more targeted, and better tolerated therapies, but also in parallel precise and quantitative measurement methods developed allowing the clinician to evaluate these therapies and adjust therapeutic intervention with a high degree of precision. Objective and quantitative measurement of the global level of intraocular inflammation became possible for most inflammatory diseases with direct or spill-over anterior chamber inflammation, thanks to laser flare photometry.

Comparison of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and Fluorescein Angiography for the Identification of Retinal Vascular Changes in Eyes With Diabetic Macular Edema.

Background And Objective: To compare the visualization of microaneurysms (MA) and the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) versus fluorescein angiography (FA) in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).

Patients And Methods: Patients were prospectively recruited for same-day imaging on spectral-domain OCTA and FA. OCTA images were automatically segmented into superficial (sOCTA) and deep (dOCTA) capillary plexuses.

Review for Diagnostics of the Year: Multimodal Imaging in Behçet Uveitis.

Behçet disease is a chronic relapsing multisystem inflammatory disorder. Ocular involvement is characterized by a bilateral recurrent non-granulomatous panuveitis and retinal vasculitis. Posterior segment findings vary during the course of the disease, in parallel with the relapsing and remitting intraocular inflammation.

Electroretinographic improvement after rituximab therapy in a patient with autoimmune retinopathy.

Purpose: To describe the effect of rituximab on full-field electroretinography (ERG) in a patient with nonparaneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy (npAIR).

Observations: A 58-year-old male patient with visual complaints, positive anti-retinal antibodies and negative work-up for cancer was diagnosed with npAIR. Visual acuity and ancillary tests were normal except abnormal ERG in both eyes.

Superior Oblique Anterior Transposition with Horizontal Recti Recession-Resection for Total Third-Nerve Palsy.

Aims. To report the results of lateral rectus muscle recession, medial rectus muscle resection, and superior oblique muscle transposition in the restoration and maintenance of ocular alignment in primary position for patients with total third-nerve palsy. Methods.

Analysis of age, refractive error and gender related changes of the cornea and the anterior segment of the eye with Scheimpflug imaging.

Purpose: To assess age, refractive error and gender related changes occurring in the cornea and the anterior segment of the eye using a Scheimpflug system.

Methods: The study included 666 healthy eyed subjects with a mean age of 39.3±19.

Nonglaucomatous localized retinal nerve fiber layer defects in Behçet uveitis.

Purpose: To describe nonglaucomatous retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects in patients with Behçet uveitis.

Design: Cross-sectional study and observational case series.

Methods: We reviewed the clinical photographs of patients with Behçet uveitis (n = 259), ocular toxoplasmosis (n = 120), and multiple sclerosis (MS)-associated uveitis (n = 40) for the presence of localized RNFL defects.

Validity and agreement of uveitis experts in interpretation of ocular photographs for diagnosis of Behçet uveitis.

Unlabelled: Abstract Purpose: To evaluate agreement and estimate sensitivity and specificity of uveitis specialists' interpretation of ocular photographs in diagnosing Behçet uveitis.

Methods: Fourteen Turkish uveitis specialists, masked to demographic and clinical features of patients, independently labeled ocular photographs (29 Behçet/30 other diagnoses) as "Behçet uveitis" or "non-Behçet." Level of agreement was evaluated using kappa statistics.

Optical coherence tomography imaging in uveitis.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-contact noninvasive technique that allows in vivo imaging of the retina, choroid, optic nerve head, retinal nerve fiber layer, and the anterior structures of the eye. It was introduced into clinical practice two decades ago. Advances in OCT technology have been achieved by searching ultra-high-resolution OCT, adaptive optics OCT, eye-tracking OCT, and changes in signal detection technique from time-domain (TD) to spectral-domain (SD) detection.

Autoimmune retinopathies: a report of 3 cases.

Purpose: To describe 3 representative cases of autoimmune retinopathy (AIR).

Methods: Clinical records of patients with a diagnosis of AIR were analyzed for demographic data, clinical findings, ancillary and laboratory tests, and treatment employed.

Results: Three female patients diagnosed with AIR had bilateral reduction of electroretinogram amplitudes and elevation of visual field threshold within the central 30 degrees of the visual field that was disproportionately more severe than the clinical findings of retinal degeneration.

Systematic review of anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy for treatment of immune-mediated uveitis.

Purpose: To establish evidence-based recommendations regarding the use of anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) agents for managing uveitis patients.

Methods: Medline was searched via OVID (1950 - October Week 3, 2011) using a Cochrane highly sensitive search (phases 1 and 2). Additional literature searches were also conducted incuding the following databases: the Cochrane, LILACS and the TRIP Database.

Comparison of presenting features and three-year disease course in Turkish patients with Behçet uveitis who presented in the early 1990s and the early 2000s.

Purpose: To compare Behçet uveitis patients who presented in the 1990s and 2000s.

Methods: Records of 170 patients seen in 1990-1994 and 258 patients seen in 2000-2004 were reviewed. Presenting features were analyzed in the whole cohort.

Bilateral acute iris transillumination.

Objective: To describe a series of patients with bilateral acute iris transillumination, pigment dispersion, and sphincter paralysis.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records and clinical photographs of 26 patients seen at 5 centers in Turkey and Belgium between March 16, 2006, and July 6, 2010. Observation procedures included clinical examination, anterior segment color photography, gonioscopy, laser flare photometry, and pupillometry.

Long-term efficacy and safety of low-dose and dose-escalating interferon alfa-2a therapy in refractory Behçet uveitis.

Objective: To investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of low-dose and dose-escalating therapy of interferon alfa-2a in the treatment of Behçet uveitis.

Methods: This study included 37 patients with refractory Behçet panuveitis unresponsive to conventional immunosuppressive therapy. Induction interferon alfa-2a therapy was given as a daily dose of 3.

Vision- and health-related quality of life in patients with Behçet uveitis.

Objective: To investigate vision- and health-related quality of life in patients with Behçet disease.

Methods: Fifty-one consecutive patients with Behçet uveitis were enrolled in the study from January 1 through June 30, 2008. The National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) were administered.