Publications by authors named "Summer G Frank"
Background: The prevalence of cigarette smoking is significantly higher among those living at or below the federal poverty level. Cell phone-based interventions among such populations have the potential to reduce smoking rates and be cost-effective.
Methods: We performed a cost-effectiveness analysis of three smoking cessation interventions: Standard Care (SC) (brief advice to quit, nicotine replacement therapy and self-help written materials), Enhanced Care (EC) (SC plus cell phone-delivered messaging) and Intensive Care (IC) (EC plus cell phone-delivered counselling).
Introduction: Little is known about the mechanisms linking contingency management (CM) treatment with smoking cessation, and recent research suggests that the CM approach is associated with better smoking cessation outcomes among females than males. The current study investigated self-efficacy as a potential mechanism through which CM treatment influences smoking cessation, and explored whether these relationships differed by sex.
Methods: Participants (N = 139) were primarily Black (63.
Background: Efforts are needed to ensure that smokers with lower health literacy are provided with understandable and impactful information about the health consequences of smoking and benefits of quitting.
Purpose: To test the influence of health literacy on smokers' responses to health risk messages manipulated on framing (gain vs. loss) and emotionality (factual vs.
Background: Financial strain has an adverse impact on smoking cessation. However, the mechanisms through which financial strain influences cessation remain unclear. The purpose of the current study was to determine whether financial strain indirectly influenced smoking cessation through withdrawal symptom severity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Smartphone apps can provide real-time, tailored interventions for smoking cessation. The current study examines the effectiveness of a smartphone-based smoking cessation application that assessed risk for imminent smoking lapse multiple times per day and provided messages tailored to current smoking lapse risk and specific lapse triggers.
Methods: Participants (N=59) recruited from a safety-net hospital smoking cessation clinic completed phone-based ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) 5 times/day for 3 consecutive weeks (1week pre-quit, 2weeks post-quit).
Introduction: Tobacco use among persons living with HIV represents an important risk factor for poor treatment outcomes, morbidity, and mortality. Thus, efforts designed to inform the development of appropriate smoking cessation programs for this population remains a public health priority. To address this need, a study was conducted to longitudinally assess the relationship between intention to quit smoking and cessation over the 12-month period following initiation of HIV care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Despite substantial public health progress in reducing the prevalence of smoking in the United States overall, smoking among socioeconomically disadvantaged adults remains high.
Objective: To determine the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a novel smartphone-based smoking cessation app designed for socioeconomically disadvantaged smokers.
Methods: Participants were recruited from a safety-net hospital smoking cessation clinic in Dallas, Texas, and were followed for 13 weeks.
Background: The current study evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of a diet and physical activity intervention for homeless adults.
Methods: Shelter residents (N = 32) were randomly assigned to a 4-week diet and physical activity intervention (n = 17) or an assessment-only control group (n = 15). Intervention participants received tailored educational newsletters, pedometers with step goals, and twice daily fruit/vegetable snacks.
Background: Mobile phone‒based real-time ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) have been used to record health risk behaviors, and antecedents to those behaviors, as they occur in near real time.
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if intensive longitudinal data, collected via mobile phone, could be used to identify imminent risk for smoking lapse among socioeconomically disadvantaged smokers seeking smoking cessation treatment.
Methods: Participants were recruited into a randomized controlled smoking cessation trial at an urban safety-net hospital tobacco cessation clinic.
Introduction: Electronic cigarettes' (e-cigarettes) viability as a public health strategy to end smoking will likely be determined by their ability to mimic the pharmacokinetic profile of a cigarette while also exposing users to significantly lower levels of harmful/potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs). The present study examined the nicotine delivery profile of third- (G3) versus second-generation (G2) e-cigarette devices and their users' exposure to nicotine and select HPHCs compared with cigarette smokers.
Methods: 30 participants (10 smokers, 9 G2 and 11 G3 users) completed baseline questionnaires and provided exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO), saliva and urine samples.
Background: Heat shock proteins (Hsps) play a role in the delivery and presentation of antigenic peptides and are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of multifactorial diseases.
Objective: To investigate genes encoding cytosolic Hsp70 proteins for associations of allelic variants with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Methods: Case-control studies of two independent Caucasian SLE cohorts were performed.
Background: Patients aged > or = 80 years who are diagnosed with advanced ovarian cancer (OC) have been reported to have a poor prognosis. In the current study, chemotherapy-related toxicity data were evaluated between patients aged > or = 80 years and those aged < 80 years.
Methods: Patients with OC who underwent cytoreductive surgery with chemotherapy were included.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common systemic autoimmune disease with complex etiology but strong clustering in families (lambda(S) = approximately 30). We performed a genome-wide association scan using 317,501 SNPs in 720 women of European ancestry with SLE and in 2,337 controls, and we genotyped consistently associated SNPs in two additional independent sample sets totaling 1,846 affected women and 1,825 controls. Aside from the expected strong association between SLE and the HLA region on chromosome 6p21 and the previously confirmed non-HLA locus IRF5 on chromosome 7q32, we found evidence of association with replication (1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe pentraxin C-reactive protein (CRP), an innate immune system opsonin which binds nuclear debris and apoptotic bodies, may protect against autoimmunity. A relative deficiency of CRP levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) might contribute to altered handling of self-antigens. We report that the proximal 5' promoter region of CRP contains several polymorphisms that exhibit association with SLE in multiple populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The R620W (1858C-->T) polymorphism in PTPN22 has been implicated in type 1 diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, Graves' disease, Hashimoto thyroiditis, autoimmune thyroid disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aim of this study was to evaluate this polymorphism in patients with familial SLE and in those with sporadic SLE.
Methods: A total of 4,981 DNA samples were genotyped (from 1,680 SLE patients, 1,834 family members, and 1,467 controls).