Pneumonitis and Pulmonary Mucormycosis in a Covid-19 Positive Patient-A Case Report.

In the wake of second wave of coronavirus disease (Covid-19), an increased number of mucormycosis cases were reported by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in India. A total of 45 432 cases of mucormycosis were reported till mid-July 2021, with 4252 fatalities. Mucormycosis and other fungal infections are most commonly seen as an opportunistic infection.

Cytological diagnosis of microfilaria coexistent with suspected malignancy of breast and ovary in a young pregnant female.

Filariasis is a major health issue of tropical and subtropical regions and is endemic in India. It is rarely seen in cytological smears, exfoliative scrapings or in effusions. We present the case of a 29-year old female with filaria found on cytological examination of both breast and ovary.

Evaluation of role of alpha-methyl acyl-coenzyme A racemase/P504S and high molecular weight cytokeratin in diagnosing prostatic lesions.

Background: In recent years basal cell markers (high molecular weight cytokeratin [HMWCK]) and prostate biomarker alpha-methyl acyl-coenzyme A racemase (AMACR) have been used as adjuvant to morphology in diagnostically challenging cases with a very high sensitivity and specificity. This has increased the diagnostic accuracy of prostate cancer worldwide.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective study, total of 50 cases including 37 cases of malignant lesions and 13 cases of benign lesions of the prostate were taken.

Ileal stricture following Meckel's diverticulitis: a rare cause of intestinal obstruction.

We report a very rare case of Meckel's diverticulitis with ileal stricture at the base of the diverticulum in a young adult as a cause of recurrent small bowel obstruction lasting for 7 years. None of the pre-operative investigations were able to diagnose the cause of obstruction. The patient had undergone appendicectomy 3 years ago but without any relief.

Solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit.

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare spindle-cell neoplasm originating from the mesenchyme. It was originally thought to occur exclusively in the intrathoracic region but has been recently described in extrapleural sites including the orbit. SFT of the orbit is a rare lesion, which can be misdiagnosed as hemangiopericytoma, fibrous histiocytoma, meningioma, or neurofibroma.

Immunohistochemical expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and CAM5.2 in glial tumors and their role in differentiating glial tumors from metastatic tumors of central nervous system.

Background And Objectives: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) has become an important tool in the diagnosis of metastatic brain tumors. The judicious use of a panel of selected immunostains is unquestionably helpful in diagnostically challenging cases. In our study, the best combination of immune markers useful in differentiating metastatic carcinoma from high-grade gliomas in central nervous system (CNS) are glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and cytokeratin (CK) (CAM5.

Significance of p53 and ki-67 expression in prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer is a major health problem throughout the developed world. Tumor grade is one of the most important prognostic factors of prostate cancer. At present, adequate prognostic markers for prostate cancer progression are still lacking, in spite of intensive investigation.

Correlation of Hormone Receptor Expression with Histologic Parameters in Benign and Malignant Breast Tumors.

Background And Objective: Breast cancer is the commonest cancer of Indian women. Estrogen and Progesterone expression is seen in benign breast lesions and in breast carcinoma associated with good prognostic parameters and it correlates well with response to hormone therapy. Although a lot of studies have been conducted in the past on hormone receptor expression in breast cancer and few have correlated them with other prognostic parameters of breast cancer, the present study was intended to document the prevalence of hormone receptor positive breast carcinomas in our population; their importance in benign breast diseases; to document a reliable scoring system of hormone receptors expression by Quick scoring; to correlate them with most of the proven prognostic parameters of breast carcinoma.

Significance of Morphometric Parameters in the Categorization of Breast Lesions on Cytology.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the utility of the morphometric parameters in cytological aspirates in the categorization of breast lesions.

Material And Method: The study was carried out on 50 females presenting with a breast lump for fine needle aspiration cytology. Air-dried smears from the aspirate were stained with Leishman and Giemsa stains while alcohol-fixed preparations were stained with the PAP stain.

Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma of Lymph Node: A report of a Patient with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Treated with Imatinib.

Follicular dendritic cells or dendritic reticulum cells are important components of the immune system essential for antigen presentation. Malignancies arising from these cells are uncommon and the first case was reported in 1986. The most common sites of follicular dendritic cell sarcomas are lymph nodes, especially cervical, axillary and mediastinal regions, but extranodal sites including head and neck and gastrointestinal tract may be affected in one-third of patients.

Subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma of scrotum presenting as an exophytic mass: An unusual presentation.

Paratesticular leiomyosarcoma originates from testicular tunica (48%), spermatic cord (48%), epididymis (2%) and dartos muscle, as well as subcutaneous tissue of the scrotum (2%). Leiomyosarcomas of the scrotum, not involving the testis, epididymis or spermatic cord, are rare, and belong to the group of subcutaneous superficial leiomyosarcomas. To the knowledge of the authors, less than 10 cases of leiomyosarcoma of the scrotum have so far been reported from India.

Small lymphocytic lymphoma of the thyroid mimicking plasmacytoma.

Primary thyroid gland lymphomas (PTLs) typically occur in middle-to older-aged individuals in the setting of lymphocytic thyroiditis with a predilection for females. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most frequent histologic subtype of thyroid lymphomas. Small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) belongs to the least common subtypes of thyroid lymphoma.

Progressive muscular dystrophy of heart: diagnosis easily missed by clinicians.

Muscular dystrophy connotes a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders characterized by progressive wasting and weakness of the skeletal muscles. In several forms of muscular dystrophy, cardiac dysfunction occurs, and cardiac disease may even be the predominant manifestation of the underlying genetic myopathy. We present a case of progressive muscular dystrophy of the heart in which the initial and only manifestation was sudden death in a young man.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the colon in a patient with von Recklinghausen's disease: report of a case.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) arising from the colon is an extremely rare clinical entity. We report one such case of an adult female with neurofibromatosis type I who presented with pain and a lump in her abdomen. A computed tomographic scan revealed a 10 × 8-cm mass in the splenic flexure of her colon that was compressing its lumen, but the results of a colonoscopy were normal.

Transient leukaemia: leukaemia or leukaemoid? A diagnostic dilemma.

We report a case of a newborn male who had mongoloid slant and was hypotonic at birth. Routine investigations revealed leucocytosis (WBC > 70,000/cmm) with 50% blasts in peripheral blood film. Marrow examination confirmed the excess of blasts.

Primary cutaneous actinomycosis of upper extremity masquerading as soft tissue neoplasm: a case report.

Primary cutaneous actinomycosis of the extremity is extremely rare. It is usually misdiagnosed clinically as soft tissue tumour or soft tissue infection. We present the case of a 55-year-old woman with primary cutaneous actinomycosis of the right forearm that had been erroneously diagnosed as soft tissue tumour.

Fine needle aspiration cytology in lesions of oral and maxillofacial region: Diagnostic pitfalls.

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of oral and maxillofacial region has not been widely utilized for diagnosis due to diversity of lesion types, heterogeneity of cell populations and difficulties in reaching and aspirating these lesions.

Aim: Our aim was to demonstrate the effectiveness of this cheap and simple procedure for the diagnosis of tumor and tumor like lesions of oral and maxillofacial region. In addition, we sought to highlight probable causes of errors in the cases showing lack of correlation between cytological and histological diagnoses.

Cytomorphological spectrum of subcutaneous and intramuscular cysticercosis: A study of 22 cases.

Background: Cysticercosis is more common than usually thought. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) plays an important role in prompt recognition of this disease.

Aims: To study the role of FNAC in the diagnosis of cysticercosis.

Hyalinizing trabecular tumor of the thyroid gland.

Hyalinizing trabecular tumor (HTT) is an unusual and controversial lesion of the thyroid gland. Some have considered it a unique entity, some have considered it a variant of papillary carcinoma, and still others have considered it a nonspecific pattern that may be seen with a variety of thyroid lesions. The histological and ultrastructural characteristics of this thyroid neoplasm are well documented; however, its cytological diagnosis by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) remains challenging.

Immunohistochemical study of the expression of HER-2/neu oncogene in ovarian lesions.

To evaluate the expression of HER-2/neu in various ovarian lesions, 75 cases of ovarian tissues (25 cases of benign lesions and 50 cases of carcinoma) were studied in the department of pathology, Pt. B.D.

Mesoblastic nephroma of infancy.

This report presents features of mesoblastic nephroma, a rare benign tumor of kidney observed in perinatal period of life and highlights the role of imaging investigations in the proper management of this tumor. Awareness of this tumor may facilitate prevention and management of severe obstetric and neonatal complications and inadvertent and vigorous therapy compatible with that of Wilms' tumor can be avoided.