Primary pelvic hydatid cyst in a postmenopausal female: a surgical challenge.

Primary pelvic hydatid cysts are a rare entity and are often overlooked as a differential diagnosis of a pelvic-space-occupying lesion particularly in non-endemic regions. Unpreparedness and a hasty decision on the surgical approach may end in life-threatening complications and systemic dissemination of the disease. We report the case of a 55-year-old postmenopausal woman with a history of two previous unsuccessful surgeries to remove pelvic cystic lesions due to dense adhesions between the surrounding gut wall, bladder, and the cyst wall.

Primary umbilical endometriosis: A rarity.

Endometriosis is a functional endometrial tissue found outside the normal uterine cavity. Primary umbilical endometriosis is defined as the presence of ectopic endometrial glands and stroma within umbilicus, without prior history of pelvic endometriosis. It is a rare presentation in all cases of endometriosis, especially in Asians.