Iris defect management in the context of presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses.

A 65-year-old man had uneventful cataract surgery in the right eye with a toric diffractive intraocular lens (IOL) placed fully within the capsule bag. On postoperative day 1 and week 1, the IOL was well positioned and his eye was healing normally. The plan was to proceed with cataract surgery in the left eye in the near future.

Prevalence of subclinical keratoconus and impact on adults undergoing routine, uncomplicated age-related cataract extraction.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of subclinical keratoconus (SKCN) among individuals undergoing routine, uncomplicated age-related cataract surgery and its impact on visual and refractive outcomes.

Patient And Methods: At a major academic ophthalmology department in the United States, we reviewed records of patients aged 50 years and older who underwent surgery from January 2011 to June 2022. We excluded patients who had poor-quality or unreliable tomographic data, previous corneal surgery, keratorefractive procedures, and significant vision-limiting ocular pathology.

Current state and future perspectives in the diagnosis of eyelid margin disease: clinical review.

The eyelid margin is vital to ocular surface integrity. Much peer-reviewed literature has been established in eyelid margin inflammation, better known as blepharitis. The purpose was to review and understand the impact of eyelid margin disease.

Eyelid margin disease (blepharitis and meibomian gland dysfunction): clinical review of evidence-based and emerging treatments.

Blepharitis is a common ophthalmic condition with multiple etiologies and no definitive, universal treatment. The treatment modalities for managing lid margin diseases vary depending on the disease's cause, location, and severity. For anterior blepharitis, management options include eyelid hygiene with warm compresses, eyelid scrubs, baby shampoo, and over-the-counter eyelid cleansers.

Primary Dural Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia/Lymphoma Masquerading Meningioma: Report of a Case and Review of Literature.

Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma (ALL) is a systemic disease which primarily involves bone marrow or lymphoid organs. Extranodal presentation of ALL is uncommon, and ALL presenting as a dural mass is exceedingly rare. Here we present a case of primary dural B-cell ALL which was preoperatively diagnosed as meningioma on clinico-radiological grounds.

Fluorescence-tagged salivary small extracellular vesicles as a nanotool in early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease is generally asymptomatic at earlier stages. At an early stage, there is an extensive progression in the neuropathological hallmarks, although, at this stage, diagnosis is not possible with currently available diagnostic methods. Therefore, the pressing need is for susceptibility risk biomarkers that can aid in better diagnosis and therapeutics as well can objectively serve to measure the endpoint of disease progression.

How Can We Best Diagnose Severity Levels of Dry Eye Disease: Current Perspectives.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a common ocular condition, but the diagnosis relative to other ocular conditions and the evaluation of severity of the condition has often been difficult. This challenge can be due to clinical signs and symptoms not always correlating with each other. An understanding of the various components which create the condition, as well as the diagnostic measures used to evaluate these components, is useful to the clinician working with DED patients.

Coxsackievirus and Adenovirus Receptor (CAR) Expression in Autopsy Tissues: Organ-Specific Patterns and Clinical Significance.

Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) homologs have been identified in many species, and their proteins appeared to be highly conserved in evolution. While most of the human studies are about pathological conditions, the animal studies were more about the physiological and developmental functions of receptors. The expression of CAR is developmentally regulated, and its tissue localization is complex.

Lower Gastrointestinal Bleed Playing Hide and Seek.

A 13-year-old adolescent male presented with an episode of rectal bleed. He has had five such episodes in the past year where he witnessed black tarry stools mixed with fresh blood, painless, not associated with fever or hematemesis. Clinical examination revealed pallor and a soft, non-tender abdomen.

Multi-time point imaging in 99m Tc-pertechnetate scintigraphy of ectopic gastric mucosa in duplication cysts: value-added services.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to describe the scintigraphic patterns of 99m Tc-pertechnetate uptake in patients who were referred to the department of nuclear medicine for evaluating and diagnosing ectopic gastric mucosa in foregut and midgut duplication cysts.

Materials And Methods: This hospital-based, retrospective cum prospective research spans a period of 8 years from April 2014 to January 2022. Previous hospital medical records were analyzed and subsequently, a database was prepared which included the age, sex, clinical indication of a 99m Tc-pertechnetate scan, and the planar and SPECT-computed tomography (CT) imaging findings.

Renal Dynamic Scintigraphy as a Sensitive Tool for Detecting Small Volume Urinoma Following Live-Related Renal Transplant.

Renal transplant (RT) is the preferred treatment modality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, it is associated with a significant rate of complications. Early diagnosis and management of these complications are essential to prevent graft loss.

Interim Analysis of STREAMLINE Surgical System Clinical Outcomes in Eyes with Glaucoma.

Purpose: To characterize the clinical outcomes of a novel ab interno minimally invasive procedure with the STREAMLINE Surgical System for creation of incisional goniotomies and canal of Schlemm viscodilation in eyes with mild to severe primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Methods: In a prospective, single-arm, first-in-human case series, 20 eyes of 20 subjects with mild to severe POAG underwent creation of incisional goniotomies and canal of Schlemm viscodilation following phacoemulsification cataract extraction after washout of all intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering medications. The angle surgery portion was performed with a single-use handpiece tipped with a microcannula that creates precise goniotomies through the trabecular meshwork into the canal of Schlemm and delivers a small volume of ophthalmic viscosurgical device directly into the canal via precise catheterization.

Effective Parameters Controlling Sterol Transfer: A Time-Resolved Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Study.

Though cholesterol is the most prevalent and essential sterol in mammalian cellular membranes, its precursors, post-synthesis cholesterol products, as well as its oxidized derivatives play many other important physiological roles. Using a non-invasive in situ technique, time-resolved small angle neutron scattering, we report on the rate of membrane desorption and corresponding activation energy for this process for a series of sterol precursors and post-synthesis cholesterol products that vary from cholesterol by the number and position of double bonds in B ring of cholesterol's steroid core. In addition, we report on sterols that have oxidation modifications in ring A and ring B of the steroid core.

Twelve-month clinical outcomes after implantation of a new, modular, anterior shape-changing fluid optic intraocular lens.

Purpose: To report the initial safety and effectiveness profile for an anterior shape-changing, modular IOL, Juvene IOL (JIOL), for the treatment of aphakia and presbyopia after removal of the natural crystalline lens due to cataract.

Setting: 2 private practices in Monterrey and Tijuana, Mexico.

Design: Exploratory prospective multicenter open-label noncomparative clinical trial.

The Efficacy of Clinical Tests to Diagnose Evaporative Dry Eye Disease Related to Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of widely available subtype clinical tests to characterize evaporative dry eye disease (EDED) related to meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) compared to normal and to validate those clinical cut points in an independent sample.

Methods: A diagnostic accuracy study (52 subjects), an investigator-masked study, was followed by a larger independent sample (364 subjects) analysis to confirm efficacy in normal and EDED subjects. All subjects were 18 years of age and older and were classified using a battery of clinical tests for dry eye that included symptoms, tear meniscus height, tear stability, ocular staining, evaporative-specific tests, and the Schirmer I test.

Deciphering lipid transfer between and within membranes with time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering.

This review focuses on time-resolved neutron scattering, particularly time-resolved small angle neutron scattering (TR-SANS), as a powerful in situ noninvasive technique to investigate intra- and intermembrane transport and distribution of lipids and sterols in lipid membranes. In contrast to using molecular analogues with potentially large chemical tags that can significantly alter transport properties, small angle neutron scattering relies on the relative amounts of the two most abundant isotope forms of hydrogen: protium and deuterium to detect complex membrane architectures and transport processes unambiguously. This review discusses advances in our understanding of the mechanisms that sustain lipid asymmetry in membranes-a key feature of the plasma membrane of cells-as well as the transport of lipids between membranes, which is an essential metabolic process.

Application of Hans Algorithm for Subcategorization of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Cytology.

Introduction: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous disease with remarkably variable clinical presentation and outcome. Hans algorithm subclassified DLBCL into prognostically distinct molecular subtypes by using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Fine-needle aspiration biopsy cytology (FNABC) is a first-line diagnostic modality in lymphadenopathy.

Fine-Needle Aspiration Diagnosis of Lymphoma Based on Cytomorphology Alone: How Accurate is it? - A Cyto-Histopathology Correlative Study.

Context: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a rapid and accurate first-line diagnostic modality in lymphadenopathy.

Aims: To determine the utility of FNAC for the diagnosis of lymphoma and highlight the various pitfalls in morphological interpretation.

Settings And Design: This was a retrospective study of 3 years duration in which cytology diagnosis was compared with the follow-up histopathology diagnosis wherever available.

Quantifying Color Vision Changes Associated With Cataracts Using Cone Contrast Thresholds.

Purpose: To evaluate effects of age and simulated and real cataractous changes on color vision as measured by the high-definition cone contrast test (CCT).

Methods: Twenty-four healthy volunteers from two cohort studies performed CCT using best-corrected visual acuity, filters, mydriasis, and pinhole correction. Retrospective cross-sectional study of patients seen in eye clinics evaluated the relationship between age and color vision, and age and lens status in 355 eyes.

The Effects of Glaucoma and Glaucoma Therapies on Corneal Endothelial Cell Density.

A healthy corneal endothelium is required for corneal clarity. Both the glaucoma disease state and its various forms of treatment can have adverse effects on the corneal endothelium. Both the presence of glaucoma and the magnitude of intraocular pressure elevation are related to endothelial cell loss (ECL).

Cardiac arrest during cornea transplant surgery.

This paper describes a case of cardiac arrest during femtosecond laser enabled penetrating keratoplasty (FLEK) in a young, healthy patient with no known cardiac risk factors and discusses the risk of cardiac arrest during intraocular surgery. A healthy 22-year-old man who underwent repeat FLEK under general anaesthesia developed bradycardia and subsequent cardiac arrest while open sky during surgery. After resuscitation and completion of the transplant surgery, the patient recovered and the graft has survived with excellent uncorrected visual acuity over 1 year after surgery.

Intraocular lens calculations in patients with keratoectatic disorders.

Purpose Of Review: Intraocular lens (IOL) calculations in patients with keratoconus and other keratoectatic disorders continues to be a challenge for today's cataract surgeon. In this article, we review data published over the past 18 months (June 2018 to January 2020).

Recent Findings: Cataract surgery in keratoconus patients has the potential to greatly improve patients' vision.