Feasibility of a deep learning artificial intelligence model for the diagnosis of pediatric ileocolic intussusception with grayscale ultrasonography.

Purpose: This study explored the feasibility of utilizing a deep learning artificial intelligence (AI) model to detect ileocolic intussusception on grayscale ultrasound images.

Methods: This retrospective observational study incorporated ultrasound images of children who underwent emergency ultrasonography for suspected ileocolic intussusception. After excluding video clips, Doppler images, and annotated images, 40,765 images from two tertiary hospitals were included (positive-to-negative ratio: hospital A, 2,775:35,373; hospital B, 140:2,477).

Correlation Analysis of Surface and Physical Properties of Ophthalmic Lenses Containing Nanoparticles.

Since contact lenses directly contact the cornea, the surface roughness of the lens may cause various side effects. In addition, gold nanoparticles can realize a variety of colors and characteristics depending on their shape and size. In this study, the surface roughness of tinted lenses containing gold nanoparticles of various sizes was analyzed using atomic force microscopy (AFM) at aspect ratio(surface to volume ratio) ranging from 1:1 to 1:10.

Formulation of chitosan microsphere-based oral vaccine against the scuticociliate parasite Miamiensis avidus: Evaluation of its protective immune potency in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

Miamiensis avidus is a parasitic pathogen that causes scuticociliatosis, a severe and often lethal marine infection that affects marine fishes worldwide, including olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) in Korea. This parasite infects all size groups of flounder year-round, causing recurring mortalities and huge economic losses to the Korean flounder industry each year. However, few efforts have been made to implement effective remedial measures to control this parasite.

Ultra-low-dose computed tomography with deep learning reconstruction for craniosynostosis at radiation doses comparable to skull radiographs: a pilot study.

Background: Craniofacial computed tomography (CT) is the diagnostic investigation of choice for craniosynostosis, but high radiation dose remains a concern.

Objective: To evaluate the image quality and diagnostic performance of an ultra-low-dose craniofacial CT protocol with deep learning reconstruction for diagnosis of craniosynostosis.

Materials And Methods: All children who underwent initial craniofacial CT for suspected craniosynostosis between September 2021 and September 2022 were included in the study.

Effect of Patient's Positioning on the Grade of Tendinosis and Visible Range of Infraspinatus Tendon on Ultrasound.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of patient positioning on tendinosis grade, visible range, and infraspinatus tendon (IST) thickness, and to determine the feasibility of internal rotation (IR) position to assess IST on ultrasound (US).

Materials And Methods: This study included 52 shoulders of 48 subjects who were evaluated for IST in three different positions: neutral position (N), IR, and position with the ipsilateral hand on the contralateral shoulder (HC). Two radiologists retrospectively graded IST tendinosis from grade 0 to grade 3 and the visible range from grade 1 to grade 4.

Ultrasound findings of subpial hemorrhage in neonates.

Purpose: Subpial hemorrhage (SPH) is a subtype of intracranial hemorrhage characterized by damage to the adjacent brain parenchyma. The aim of this study was to describe the sonographic features of SPH in neonates.

Methods: The cranial ultrasound (US) findings of neonates with SPH confirmed by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were analyzed retrospectively.

Distinct Clinical and Laboratory Features of COVID-19 in Children During the Pre-Delta, Delta and Omicron Wave.

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern exhibit distinct features in terms of transmissibility and virulence. This study compared the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in children during pre-Delta, Delta and Omicron waves.

Methods: Medical records of 1163 children <19 years of age with COVID-19 admitted to a designated hospital in Seoul, South Korea, were analyzed.

[Jaundice in Young Children].

Jaundice in children have various etiologies. Among them, physiological jaundice is a very common disease observed in more than half of full-term neonates. When jaundice persists or develops after 2 weeks of age, the total/direct bilirubin is measured in consideration of the possibility of cholestasis.

Deep learning reconstruction in pediatric brain MRI: comparison of image quality with conventional T2-weighted MRI.

Introduction: Deep learning-based MRI reconstruction has recently been introduced to improve image quality. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of deep learning reconstruction in pediatric brain MRI.

Methods: A total of 107 consecutive children who underwent 3.

Development of Functional Ophthalmic Materials Using Natural Materials and Gold Nanoparticles.

Ginsenoside, known as a natural substance, is a saponin component in ginseng and has various effects, such as antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, gold nanoparticles can realize various optical and physical properties according to particle size and shape. For polymer polymerization, ginsenoside and gold nanoparticles were used as additives and copolymerized with a basic silicone hydrogel material.

Development and evaluation of deep-learning measurement of leg length discrepancy: bilateral iliac crest height difference measurement.

Background: Leg length discrepancy (LLD) is a common problem that can cause long-term musculoskeletal problems. However, measuring LLD on radiography is time-consuming and labor intensive, despite being a simple task.

Objective: To develop and evaluate a deep-learning algorithm for measurement of LLD on radiographs.

Efficacy of Chitosan-PLGA encapsulated trivalent oral vaccine against viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus, Streptococcus parauberis, and Miamiensis avidus in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

The present study was conducted to assess the protective efficacy of a trivalent oral vaccine containing chitosan-PLGA encapsulated inactivated viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), Streptococcus parauberis serotype I and Miamiensis avidus antigens, followed by its oral (incorporated in feed) administration to olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) fingerlings for a period of 15-consecutive days. After 35 days of initial vaccination, three separate challenge studies were conducted at the optimal temperature of the targeted pathogens using an intraperitoneal injection route. RPS analysis revealed moderate protection in the immunized group against all the three pathogens viz.

Potential Efficacy of Chitosan-Poly (Lactide-Co-Glycolide)-Encapsulated Trivalent Immersion Vaccine in Olive Flounder () Against Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus, Serotype I, and (Scuticociliate).

Olive flounder () is the most valuable aquaculture species in Korea, corresponding to ~60% of its total production. However, infectious diseases often break out among farmed flounders, causing high mortality and substantial economic losses. Although some deleterious pathogens, such as spp.

Comparative study on antigen persistence and immunoprotective efficacy of intramuscular and intraperitoneal injections of squalene - aluminium hydroxide (Sq + Al) adjuvanted viral hemorrhagic septicaemia virus vaccine in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

The profitability of the olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) aquaculture industry in Korea depends on high production and maintenance of flesh quality, as consumers prefer to eat raw flounders from aquaria and relish the raw muscles as 'sashimi'. For sustaining high production, easy-to-deliver and efficient vaccination strategies against serious pathogens, such as viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), is very important as it cause considerable losses to the industry. Whereas, a safe and non-invasive vaccine formulation that is free from unacceptable side-effects and does not devalue the fish is needed to maintain flesh quality.

Study on Dispersant and Surface Analysis of Ophthalmic Lens Materials Containing Carbon Nanotubes.

In this study, two types of carbon nanotubes were used as ophthalmic material, and hydrogel contact lenses were polymerized by adding two types of dispersants to effectively exert the functions of carbon nanotubes. The physical properties and surfaces of the ophthalmic hydrogel lenses prepared to confirm the functionality as a dispersant were compared and analyzed to find the utility as an ophthalmic lens material. For the polymerization, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), single-walled carbon nanotubes carboxylic acid functionalized (SWCCNTs), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA, a crosslinking agent), and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN, an initiator) was used.

Preparation and Analysis of Functional Silicone Hydrogel Lenses Containing ZrO₂ and Antimony Tin Oxide Nanoparticles.

This study prepared silicone hydrogel ophthalmic lenses using 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA), synthesized silicone monomer (SID), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), -hydroxyethyl acrylamide (HEA), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (a crosslinking agent, EGDMA), and azobisisobutyronitrile (an initiator, AIBN). Also, Zirconium oxide (ZrO₂), antimony tin oxide (ATO) nanoparticles were added to the silicone hydrogel material to analyze the characteristics of the nanoparticles. The mixture was heated at 130 °C for 2 hours to produce the ophthalmic contact lens by cast mould method.

Cochlear duct length and cochlear distance on preoperative CT: imaging markers for estimating insertion depth angle of cochlear implant electrode.

Objectives: Preoperative estimation of the insertion depth angle of cochlear implant (CI) electrodes is essential for surgical planning. The purpose of this study was to determine the cochlear size using preoperative CT and to investigate the correlation between cochlear size and insertion depth angle in morphologically normal cochlea.

Methods: Thirty-five children who underwent CI were included in this study.

Effects on the Physical Properties of Ophthalmic Hydrogels Containing 4-Chlorostyrene and Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles with Ultraviolet Blocking Ability.

The optical, physical and polymerization property of hydrogel ophthalmic lenses made by cerium nanoparticles containing 4-chlorostyrene as a base hydrogel material were analyzed. Cerium oxide nanoparticles were used as additive. And HEMA, 4-chlorostyrene and a cross-linker EGDMA were copolymerized in the presence of AIBN as an initiator.

CT Angiography Findings of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations in Children and Young Adults With Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the CT angiography (CTA) findings of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVMs) in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and to correlate these findings with those of graded contrast-enhanced transthoracic echocardiography (CE-TTE). A retrospective review was conducted of PAVMs visualized at CTA of patients with abnormal CE-TTE findings (3-point scale). Location, distribution, size, number, volume, grade, and relative attenuation (attenuation of PAVM divided by attenuation of aorta) of PAVMs were recorded.

Nanoencapsulation of inactivated-viral vaccine using chitosan nanoparticles: Evaluation of its protective efficacy and immune modulatory effects in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) against viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) infection.

Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), a (-) ssRNA virus belonging to the genus Novirhabdovirus of rhabdoviridae family, is the aetiological agent of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS) disease which causes huge economic losses in farmed olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) and significant mortalities among several other marine fish species in Korea, Japan, and China. Previously, we developed an inactivated vaccine viz., formalin-inactivated VHSV mixed with squalene as adjuvant which was effective in conferring protective immunity (58-76% relative percentage survival) against VHSV but the mode of administration was intraperitoneal injection which is not feasible for small sized fingerling fish.

Preparation and Characterization of Functional Ophthalmic Polymer Containing Nanoparticles Using Heat Treatment Method After Polymerization.

The functional hydrogel lens containing HEMA (2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) was manufactured by thermal polymerization and heat treatment method after room temperature polymerization, respectively. In this study, HEMA, EGDMA (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) and the initiator AIBN (azobisisobutyronitrile) were used for thermal copolymerization and the mixture was heated at 100 °C for 1 hour. And also, HEMA, EGDMA, the initiator and distilled water were used for heat treatment method after room temperature copolymerization and the mixture was heated 80 °C for 1 hour and then treated at 100 °C for 1 hour to produce the hydrogel ophthalmic lens by cast mold method.

PLGA encapsulated inactivated-viral vaccine: Formulation and evaluation of its protective efficacy against viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) infection in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) vaccinated by mucosal delivery routes.

Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), an OIE listed viral pathogen, is the etiological agent of a contagious disease, causing huge economic losses in farmed olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) and significant mortalities among several other marine fish species in Korea, Japan, and China. In continuation with our previous work, where injection vaccination with inactivated VHSV mixed with squalene (as adjuvant) conferred higher protective immunity to olive flounder, the present study focused on replacing the injection route of vaccine delivery by immersion/oral route to overcome the limitations of the parenteral immunization method. Here, we encapsulated the inactivated VHSV vaccine with PLGA (poly lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PNPs-IV) and evaluated its ability to induce protective immunity in olive flounder (12.

Improvement of physical properties of calcium phosphate cement by elastin-like polypeptide supplementation.

Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are synthetic bioactive cements widely used as hard tissue substitutes. Critical limitations of use include their poor mechanical properties and poor anti-washout behaviour. To address those limitations, we combined CPC with genetically engineered elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs).

Influence of glass-based dental ceramic type and thickness with identical shade on the light transmittance and the degree of conversion of resin cement.

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of the types and thicknesses of glass ceramic plates on light transmittance and compare the degrees of conversion (DC) of resin cement under the ceramic materials. Three ceramic plates with thicknesses of 0.5, 1.

Radial head button holing: a cause of irreducible anterior radial head dislocation.

"Buttonholing" of the radial head through the anterior joint capsule is a known cause of irreducible anterior radial head dislocation associated with Monteggia injuries in pediatric patients. To the best of our knowledge, no report has described an injury consisting of buttonholing of the radial head through the annular ligament and a simultaneous radial head fracture in an adolescent. In the present case, the radiographic findings were a radial head fracture with anterior dislocation and lack of the anterior fat pad sign.