Development of sensitive and rapid immunoassays for Moniliformin (MON) detection based on nanomaterials labeled monoclonal antibodies.

Moniliformin (MON) is a toxic secondary metabolite from Fusarium species. The natural contamination of MON in cereals and cereal by-products, poses a risk of exposure to MON. However, so far, no immunoassay method has been reported to detect MON in field samples.

Sensitive and rapid detection of bisphenol A using signal amplification nanoparticles loaded with anti-bisphenol A monoclonal antibody.

Bisphenol A has been reported to be a ubiquitous contaminant, and exposure to this compound can lead to adverse effects in human health. In the study, monoclonal antibody against BPA (anti-BPA mAb) with high affinity (3.74 × 10 L/mol) secreted by cell line 2E3 was successfully screened.

Establishment of highly sensitive lateral flow immunochromatographic strips for quinclorac detection utilizing signal amplification nanoparticles.

Highly selective herbicide quinclorac (Qui) is a type of quinoline carboxylic acid hormone herbicide, which has the characteristics of long half-life and difficulty for degradation, causing high risk to the environmental safety. In this study, anti-Qui 8A3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) with good specificity and high affinity (3.89 × 10 L/mol) was prepared, and two kinds of lateral flow immunochromatographic strips (LFICS) including nano-flower nanoparticles (AuNF) - and latex microsphere (LM)- based LFICS were established based on the antibody and signal amplification.

Sensitive and rapid detection of tetrodotoxin based on gold nanoflower-and latex microsphere-labeled monoclonal antibodies.

Tetrodotoxin (TTX) could result in serious diseases due to its extremely high neurotoxicity. Thus, it is of great importance to measure TTX for food safety. In this study, an anti-TTX monoclonal antibody with good specificity and high affinity was used to develop the immunochromatographic test strips (ICTS).

Rapid and sensitive detection of tenuazonic acid in agricultural by-products based on gold nano-flower lateral flow.

Tenuazonic acid (TA) is a highly toxic mycotoxin mainly generated by the fungi of genus and widely contaminates agricultural by-products. Given the threat of TA to food-security, it is very important to develop rapid and sensitive detection methods for TA monitoring. In this study, gold nano-particles (AuNP) with average diameter near 17.

A sensitive and rapid method of lead detection using nanoparticle technology based on monoclonal antibody.

Lead (Pb) threatens public health due to its toxicity and nonbiodegradable characteristics. It is of significance to develop a sensitive and rapid method for Pb detection. In this study, monoclonal antibodies against Pb were screened with a high affinity constant (K) of 3.

Development of sensitive and portable immunosensors based on signal amplification probes for monitoring the mercury(II) ions.

Mercury ion (Hg) as a major environmental pollutant threatens human health even at very low concentrations, so it is essential to monitor mercury residues in food. In this study, Hg was conjugated with protein carrier using 1-(4-Isothiocyanobenzyl) ethylenediamine N, N, N', N'-tetraacetic acid (ITCBE) as a bifunctional chelator. 7A1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) against Hg-ITCBE with high affinity (7.

Enhanced anti-herbivore defense of tomato plants against Spodoptera litura by their rhizosphere bacteria.

Background: The use of beneficial microorganisms as an alternative for pest control has gained increasing attention. The objective of this study was to screen beneficial rhizosphere bacteria with the ability to enhance tomato anti-herbivore resistance.

Results: Rhizosphere bacteria in tomato field from Fuqing, one of the four locations where rhizosphere bacteria were collected in Fujian, China, enhanced tomato resistance against the tobacco cutworm Spodoptera litura, an important polyphagous pest.

Development of Immunochromatographic Strip for Detection of αB-VxXXIVA-Conotoxin Based on 5E4 Monoclonal Antibody.

Given the application of αB-VxXXIVA-conotoxin (αB-CTX) in analgesics and cancer chemotherapeutics, and its threat to humans, it is urgent to develop a rapid, effective and accurate method for the analysis and detection of αB-CTX in real shellfish and medicine drug samples. In the present study, two different immunochromatographic strips were established for αB-CTX detection, based on the monoclonal antibody 5E4 against αB-CTX, and the visual limits of detection (vLOD) for the colloidal gold nanoparticles-based strip (AuNPs-based strip) and nanoflowers-based strip (AuNFs-based strip) were 4 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively.

Detection of αB-Conotoxin VxXXIVA (αB-CTX) by ic-ELISA Based on an Epitope-Specific Monoclonal Antibody.

In view of the toxicological hazard and important applications in analgesics and cancer chemotherapeutics of αB-CTX, it is urgent to develop an accurate, effective and feasible immunoassay for the determination and analysis of αB-CTX in real samples. In this study, MBP-αB-CTX4 tandem fusion protein was used as an immunogen to elicit a strong immune response, and a hybridoma cell 5E4 secreting IgG2b against αB-CTX was successfully screened by hybridoma technology. The affinity of the purified 5E4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) was 1.

A high sensitive platinum-modified colloidal gold immunoassay for tenuazonic acid detection based on monoclonal IgG.

Due to the threat of tenuazonic acid (TA) to public health, it is urgent to establish rapidly effective and sensitive assay methods for TA. In this study, a TA-specific IgG monoclonal antibody (McAb) with high affinity (Kaff was 1.72 × 10 L/mol) was screened, and the developed icELISA for TA detection has IC of 2.

Development of immunoassay methods based on monoclonal antibody and its application in the determination of cadmium ion.

Owing to the threat of cadmium (Cd) to public health, it is an urgent demand to develop effective, sensitive, and rapid methods for the detection of cadmium. In this study, indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) and immunochromatographic test strips (ICTS) were established for the determination of Cd based on the obtained mAb with high specificity and high affinity (Kaff = 3.0 × 10 L/moL).

Sensitive immunoassays based on specific monoclonal IgG for determination of bovine lactoferrin in cow milk samples.

Lactoferrin (LF), a bioactive multifunctional protein of the transferrin family, is found mainly in the secretions of all mammals, especially in milk. In the present study, a hybridoma cell (LF8) secreting IgG against bovine LF was screened, and the purified LF8 mAb showed high specificity and affinity to bovine LF. The linear range of ic-ELISA to detect LF was 9.

Development of ELISA and Lateral Flow Immunoassays for Ochratoxins (OTA and OTB) Detection Based on Monoclonal Antibody.

Ochratoxins were important secondary metabolites secreted by fungi, and OTA and OTB are mainly significant mycotoxin, having toxic effects on humans and animals. Therefore, it is important to establish a rapid, sensitive, and precise method for ochratoxins detection and quantification in real samples. In this study, a stable monoclonal antibody (mAb) that recognizing both OTA and OTB toxins was employed for the establishment of indirect competitive ELISA (ic-ELISA), colloidal gold nanoparticles (CGNs), and nanoflowers gold strips (AuNFs) for detection of ochratoxins in real samples.

Preparation of monoclonal antibody against penicillic acid (PA) and its application in the immunological detection.

The high content of Penicillic acid (PA) in the feed pose threat to human health and cause serious losses to economic wealth through the enrichment effect of the food chain. The reliable and rapidly detection of PA is of significant importance to ensure food safety. In this study, indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) and immunochromatographic test strips (ICTS) were established for PA determination based on anti-PA mAb secreted by 4H9 cell line.

Detection of okadaic acid (OA) and tetrodotoxin (TTX) simultaneously in seafood samples using colloidal gold immunoassay.

Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a neurotoxin mainly responsible for severe neurological illness, and okadaic acid (OA) is another important lipophilic toxin to humans. In this study, we developed a gold strip for simultaneous detection of OA and TTX in real seafood samples. In the assay, the prepared nanoparticles (about 40 nm) was applied to conjugate with specific monoclonal antibodies against OA and TTX, and the resulted mixtures were used to capture its corresponding toxin in test strip.

Preparation of Anti-Human Podoplanin Monoclonal Antibody and its application in Immunohistochemical Diagnosis.

Podoplanin (PDPN), a 38 kDa transmembrane sialoglycoprotein from human, is expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells but not in vascular endothelial cells, and has been considered as a specific marker of lymph. In this study, the gene encoding the extracellular part of PDPN (ePDPN) was synthesized and used to expressed fusion protein ePDPN-His and GST-ePDPN, respectively, in E.coli.

Effective preparation of a monoclonal antibody against human chromogranin A for immunohistochemical diagnosis.

Background: Human chromogranin A (CgA) is a ~ 49 kDa secreted protein mainly from neuroendocrine cells and endocrine cells. The CgA values in the diagnosis of tumor, and in the potential role in prognostic and predictive tumor as a biomarker.

Results: The synthesized gene of CgA coding area was cloned and expressed as fusion protein CgA-His in procaryotic system.

Screening of a ScFv Antibody With High Affinity for Application in Human IFN-γ Immunoassay.

Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), a signal proinflammatory cytokine secreted by immune cell, and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of many diseases. It has been regarded as an important marker for determination of disease-specific immune responses. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a feasible and accurate method to detect IFN-γ in clinic real blood samples.

Preparation of Monoclonal Antibody for Brevetoxin 1 and Development of Ic-ELISA and Colloidal Gold Strip to Detect Brevetoxin 1.

Brevetoxin-1 (BTX-1), a marine toxin mostly produced by the dinoflagellatae , has caused the death of marine organisms and has had numerous toxicological effects on human health. Hence, it is very necessary to develop a rapid, economical, and reliable immunoassay method for BTX-1 detection. In this study, two kinds of complete antigen were synthesized using the succinic anhydride and isobutyl chloroformate two-step methods.

The Preparation and Identification of a Monoclonal Antibody against Domoic Acid and Establishment of Detection by Indirect Competitive ELISA.

Domoic acid (DA) is a potent toxin, marine biotoxin, and primarily produced by . The DA hapten was coupled with bovine serum albumin (BSA), and ovalbumin (OVA) as carrier proteins. DA-BSA conjugate was used as immunogen and DA-OVA as coating antigen.

Detection of okadaic acid (OA) using ELISA and colloidal gold immunoassay based on monoclonal antibody.

Okadaic Acid (OA), a small seafood-borne toxin secreted by Dinophysis and Prorocentrum dinoflagellates, is generally distributed in various species of shellfish and has caused diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP). In view of OA toxin threat to humans and animals, it is essential to develop a rapid, accurate and sensitive method for the detection and quantification of OA in real samples. In this study, a monoclonal antibody named 10E8 was screened by cells fusion of Sp2/0 with spleen cells isolated from immunized mouse, and the isotype of McAb 10E8 was belonged to IgG1.

Antibody Engineering for Pursuing a Healthier Future.

Since the development of antibody-production techniques, a number of immunoglobulins have been developed on a large scale using conventional methods. Hybridoma technology opened a new horizon in the production of antibodies against target antigens of infectious pathogens, malignant diseases including autoimmune disorders, and numerous potent toxins. However, these clinical humanized or chimeric murine antibodies have several limitations and complexities.

The Preparation and Identification of a Monoclonal Antibody against Citrinin and the Development of Detection via Indirect Competitive ELISA.

Citrinin (CTN) is a hepato-nephrotoxic mycotoxin produced by fungi genera of , , and CTN contaminates grains, fruits, juices and vegetables, and causes various toxic effects to humans and animals. It has small molecular weight, which is non-immunogenic to animals. Thus, CTN was conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ovalbumin (OVA), respectively, by amide bonds using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and -hydroxysuccinimide (NHS).

Rapid detection of fumonisin B1 using a colloidal gold immunoassay strip test in corn samples.

Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is the most common and highest toxic of fumonisins species, exists frequently in corn and corn-based foods, leading to several animal and human diseases. Furthermore, FB1 was reported that it was associated with the human esophageal cancer. In view of the harmful of FB1, it is urgent to develop a feasible and accuracy method for rapid detection of FB1.