Impact of bioinoculants on growth enhancement, physicochemical characteristics, biochemical profiles, and enzymatic defense mechanisms in tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum).

The excessive use of fungicides in agriculture causes challenges like pathogen resistance, soil and water contamination, and potential health risks. Sustainable options like Pseudomonas spp. and yeast are being explored as bioinoculants to promote plant growth and inhibit fungal proliferation.