Sex-Specific Differences in Nutrient Intake in Late Preterm Infants.

Unlabelled: Challenging the assumption of uniform nutritional needs in preterm feeding, this study identifies crucial sex-specific disparities in formula milk intake and growth among late preterm infants. Premature infants have difficulty regulating their oral intake during feeds, which is why clinicians prescribe feeding volume, calories, and protein via the nasogastric route. However, premature male and female infants have different body compositions at birth, and, subsequently, there is no evidence to suggest that male and female preterm infants differ in their nutritional consumption once they begin feeding ad libitum.

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), also known as chronic lung disease, is the most common respiratory morbidity in preterm infants. "Old" or "classic" BPD, as per the original description, is less common now. "New BPD", which presents with distinct clinical and pathological features, is more frequently observed in the current era of advanced neonatal care, where extremely premature infants are surviving because of medical advancements.

Sex differences in preterm nutrition and growth: the evidence from human milk associated studies.

Sexual dimorphism of the fetus manifests itself even during pregnancy. Preterm births are more common in pregnancies with male fetuses. Intrauterine and postnatal growth nomograms are sex-specific.

Azithromycin Protects Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells against Lipopolysaccharide-Activated Microglia-Induced Damage.

Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) are the primary cellular targets of brain white matter injury (WMI) in very low-birth weight (VLBW) infants. Microglia plays a significant role in inflammation-induced WMI. Our previous study showed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced OPC damage is mediated by activated microglia in vitro.

Male HELLP pups experience sensorimotor delays and reduced body weight.

Offspring of Preeclampsia (PreE) and HELLP Syndrome are at an increased risk of developing neurodevelopmental disorders. In the current study we sought to determine if offspring from experimental models of PreE and HELLP had evidence of early onset neurodevelopmental delay. Offspring from PreE, HELLP and normal pregnant dams were assessed in a battery of sensorimotor tests beginning on postnatal day (PND) 3.

Hypochloremia Secondary to Diuretics in Preterm Infants: Should Clinicians Pay Close Attention?

Diuretic therapy, commonly used in the newborn intensive care unit, is associated with a variety of electrolyte abnormalities such as hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and hypochloremia. Hypochloremia, often ignored, is associated with significant morbidities and increased mortality in infants and adults. Clinicians respond in a reflex manner to hyponatremia than to hypochloremia.

A case report of embolized umbilical venous catheter retrieval from the heart via femoral access in 660 g premature neonate.

An extremely premature infant born at a gestational age 24 5/7 and birth weight of 637 g was found to have retained a distal segment of an umbilical venous catheter (UVC) on chest radiograph after removal of the UVC. The catheter was retrieved by interventional radiology on day 10 of life when the baby weighed 660 g. To our knowledge, this is the smallest baby reported to have successfully retrieved catheter percutaneously via femoral access.

Melphalan-induced supraventricular tachycardia: incidence and risk factors.

Background: Cardiotoxicity of aggressive chemotherapeutic regimens includes cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias. Although cardiomyopathy is a well-recognized entity, arrhythmias are poorly studied.

Hypothesis: Certain chemotherapeutic regimes are associated with supraventricular arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation.