Premature Progesterone Elevation in Fertilisation Cycles - Current Perspectives.

The impact of premature elevation of progesterone (PPE) on the day of the trigger on pregnancy outcome in fertilisation (IVF) cycles has been a matter of contention and debate for decades. Research over the last 30 years has indicated that PPE >1.5 ng/ml is associated with declining live birth rates following fresh embryo transfer.

The Use of Pooled Consecutive Ejaculates in Moderate Male Factor Infertility to Increase Intrauterine Insemination Success.

Background: Male factor is a predominant cause of infertility. Success rates of intrauterine insemination(IUI) for male factor depend upon minimum semen parameters such as progressive motility > 30%, strict morphology > 4%, total motile count in the native sample (TMSC) >5 million and inseminating motile count (IMC) > 5 million. Couples with parameters lesser than these are usually advised IVF-ICSI.

Live Birth Rates in Fertilization Cycles with Oocytes Containing Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Aggregates and Normal Oocytes.

Aims: The aims of this study were to compare the live birth, embryological and pregnancy outcomes after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in patients who have oocytes with smooth endoplasmic reticulum aggregates (SERa+ cycles) and patients with normal oocytes and to compare the pregnancy outcomes based on the observed frequency of SERa.

Settings And Design: The current study was a retrospective case record review of patients undergoing ICSI from 2012 to 2016 in a specialty fertility center.

Materials And Methods: The patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of SERa: patients with at least one oocyte containing SERa (SERa+ cycles) ( = 112) and patients with normal oocytes ( = 839).

Assisted Reproductive Techniques in a Patient with History of Venous Thromboembolism: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

We report a patient with a history of venous thrombosis following oral contraceptive pills who was planned for fertilization (IVF)-intracytoplasmic sperm injection for male factor infertility. This article discusses the mechanisms for predisposition to thrombosis during assisted reproduction in patients at high risk. Assessment of risk before commencement of treatment, use of mild stimulation, antagonist protocol, avoiding ovarian hyperstimulation, use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist trigger and avoiding exposure to human chorionic gonadotropin, frozen embryo transfer in a natural cycle, single embryo transfer, avoiding multiple pregnancy, and use of prophylactic or therapeutic anticoagulation are the various risk-reduction strategies that must be adopted during IVF treatment to reduce the risk of thrombosis to that of natural conception.

Single Blastocyst Transfer: The Key to Reduce Multiple Pregnancy Rates Without Compromising the Live Birth Rate.

Background: Historically, to achieve higher pregnancy rates, multiple embryos were transferred after an fertilisation (IVF). However, this practice is being reassessed, because it leads to multiple pregnancies that is known to cause adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.

Aim: To compare the pregnancy outcomes in fresh IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles among women undergoing elective single blastocyst transfer (eSBT) vs.

Monochorionic triamniotic triplets following conventional in vitro fertilization and blastocyst transfer.

Multiple pregnancy in in vitro fertilization (IVF) is on the decline with a reduction in number of embryos transferred. But the risk of monozygotic splitting persists. The risk of monozygotic twinning in women undergoing IVF is reported to be twice that of natural conception, and monochorionic triplets are even rarer at 100 times more than natural conception.

Comparative study on the role of diagnostic hysteroscopy in evaluation of the uterine cavity prior to in vitro fertilization in a developing country.

Introduction: Diagnostic hysteroscopy is a vital tool and a gold standard to evaluate the uterine cavity. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of unsuspected intrauterine abnormalities.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study was done involving 870 asymptomatic, infertile women enrolled for IVF, who underwent a transvaginal ultrasound followed by office hysteroscopy.

Adenomyosis and subfertility: a systematic review of prevalence, diagnosis, treatment and fertility outcomes.

Background: Uterine adenomyosis was initially thought to be found only in parous women, and final diagnosis was made at histology after hysterectomy. With better imaging techniques and with women attending clinics at older ages, adenomyosis is diagnosed with increasing frequency in women attending infertility clinics. A dozen conservative interventions have been advocated, with variable reports of their impact on fertility.

Successful outcome in pregnancy complicated by prior uterine rupture: a report of two cases.

Background: Rupture of the uterus, especially in a scarred uterus, intrapartum is well known. The risk of uterine rupture in women with a previous lower segment caesarean section is 0.2-1.

Rupture of a malignant ovarian tumor in pregnancy presenting as acute abdomen.

Introduction: Ovarian neoplasms in pregnancy are usually asymptomatic rarely leading onto complications. A 30-year-old G2 P1+0+0+1 was referred at 30 weeks of pregnancy with an ultrasound diagnosis of a large multicystic ovarian cyst with no solid areas, ascites or evidence of metastasis. Antenatal corticosteroid was administered and she was advised to follow-up with reports of tumor markers.

Second-look hysteroscopy after antitubercular treatment in infertile women with genital tuberculosis undergoing in vitro fertilization.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of antitubercular treatment on the uterine cavity in infertile women diagnosed with genital tuberculosis using second-look hysteroscopy.

Methods: A total of 70 women with genital tuberculosis who underwent second-look hysteroscopy were enrolled in the study. They were started on antitubercular drugs and followed up after 6 months of therapy with second-look hysteroscopy.

Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension and pregnancy outcome.

Objective: Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (NCPH) is a common cause of portal hypertension in developing countries, especially Asia. Recent data have shown near-normal reproductive function and good pregnancy outcome for NCPH compared with cirrhosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate complications during pregnancy and pregnancy outcome in women with NCPH.

Genital tuberculosis: a leading cause for infertility in women seeking assisted conception in North India.

Introduction: Genital tuberculosis is a major cause of tubal factor infertility in developing countries. Data regarding the current prevalence of tuberculosis in the infertile population are sparse.

Aims: To determine the incidence of tubal factor infertility in an infertile population seeking assisted reproduction and the prevalence of genital tuberculosis in this sub-group of patients and their symptomatology.