Cuproptosis: A Copper-Mediated Programmed Cell Death.

It has been found that various heavy metals can initiate different types of regulated cell deaths. Among these metals, copper, an essential trace micronutrient that plays a major role in a lot of physiological processes, also can initiate cell death. It can act as a constituent of metalloenzymes, and can act as a mediator for signaling pathways to regulate proliferation and metastasis of tumor.

Designing V Single Atom Embedded Carbon Moiety for the Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction Reaction by First Principles Study.

Development of an efficient electrocatalyst for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) to serve as a sustainable alternative to the Haber-Bosch process has proven highly challenging. Single atom catalysts (SACs), which have the maximum atom utilization efficiency, are among the most promising candidates. Single atoms can be incorporated to a catalytic system by doping or substitution or by attaching a molecular coordination complex to a substrate and the different insertion modes allow the chemical environment to be varied.

Electrochemically enabled (3+2) cycloaddition of unbiased alkenes and -dicarbonyls.

A (3+2) cycloaddition between unbiased alkenes and 1,3-dicarbonyls is accomplished by judicious choice of electrode material and electrocatalyst to access dihydrofuran derivatives. A fluorinated porous carbon electrode with appropriate thickness governs unprecedented reactivity. This methodology eliminates the necessity for any stabilizing group within the alkene substrate.

Anomalous π-backbonding in complexes between B(SiR) and N: catalytic activation and breaking of scaling relations.

Chemical transformations of molecular nitrogen (N), including the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), are difficult to catalyze because of the weak Lewis basicity of N. In this study, it is shown that Lewis acids of the types B(SiR) and B(GeR) bind N and CO with anomalously short and strong B-N or B-C bonds. B(SiH)·N has a B-N bond length of 1.

Characteristics of posterior zone I retinopathy of prematurity.

Objective: To report the demographic profile and clinical characteristics of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in posterior Zone I.

Methods: In a partly retrospective (ten years) and partly prospective (one year) study, we analysed the demographic profile and clinical characteristics of babies with ROP in posterior Zone I.

Results: The study included 130 eyes of 67 infants with a mean gestational age and birth weight of 29.

Black titania an emerging photocatalyst: review highlighting the synthesis techniques and photocatalytic activity for hydrogen generation.

The TiO semiconductor photocatalyst is in the limelight of sustainable energy research in recent years because of its beneficial properties. However, its wide band-gap and rapid exciton recombination rate makes it a lame horse, and reduces its photocatalytic efficiency. Recently, researchers have developed facile methods for lowering the band-gap, so that it captures a wide range of solar spectrum, but the efficiency is still way behind the target value.

Oxidative Methane Conversion to Ethane on Highly Oxidized Pd/CeO Catalysts Below 400 °C.

Methane upgrading into more valuable chemicals has received much attention. Herein, we report oxidative methane conversion to ethane using gaseous O at low temperatures (<400 °C) and atmospheric pressure in a continuous reactor. A highly oxidized Pd deposited on ceria could produce ethane with a productivity as high as 0.

A highly active bifunctional iridium complex with an alcohol/alkoxide-tethered N-heterocyclic carbene for alkylation of amines with alcohols.

A series of new iridium(III) complexes containing bidentate N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) functionalized with an alcohol or ether group (NHC-OR, R = H, Me) were prepared. The complexes catalyzed the alkylation of anilines with alcohols as latent electrophiles. In particular, biscationic Ir(III) complexes of the type [Cp*(NHC-OH)Ir(MeCN)](2+)2[BF(4)(-)] afforded higher-order amine products with very high efficiency; up to >99% yield using a 1:1 ratio of reactants and 1-2.