Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasonography in Revision Thyroid Surgery: Can It Predict Disease Outcomes?

Revision thyroid surgery for residual/recurrent disease is known to have higher complication rates because of parathyroid injury and recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) damage. The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of USG in predicting recurrent disease and disease outcomes in patients undergoing reoperation for recurrent/residual thyroid cancer. We performed a retrospective analysis of all thyroid reoperations from 2015 to 2017.

Tailored resection for persistent extramural vascular invasion in locally advanced rectal cancers.

Background: Extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) is a bad prognostic feature in rectal cancer and cancers that remain EMVI positive after neoadjuvant therapy are at high risk for having involved circumferential resection margins. Conventional total mesorectal excision (TME) resections are inadequate in such cases and often lead to positive margins.

Methods: We propose a technique for the surgical management of locally advanced tumours with persistent EMVI after neoadjuvant therapy.

Adjuvant Gemcitabine Plus Cisplatin and Chemoradiation in Patients With Gallbladder Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: There is limited evidence with regard to the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy chemoradiotherapy in resected gallbladder cancers (GBCs).

Objective: To establish a baseline survival rate for operated GBCs in patients receiving either gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GC) or capecitabine and capecitabine concurrent with chemoradiation (CCRT).

Design, Setting, And Participants: The GECCOR-GB study was a multicenter, open-label, randomized phase 2 noncomparator "pick the winner" design trial of adjuvant GC and CCRT in patients with resected histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma or adenosquamous carcinoma of the gallbladder, (stage II/III) with no local residual tumor (R0) or microscopic residual tumor (R1).

CT-Based Screening for Pulmonary Metastases in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancers: Diagnostic Accuracy and Cost Comparison with PET-CECT.

This study's objective was to compare detection rates of radiograph, computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography-contrast-enhanced computed tomography (PET-CECT) for pulmonary metastasis/synchronous primary lung tumors in head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) and its association with clinico-radio-pathological factors. Our retrospective study included 837 HNSCC patients from January 2012 to December 2017. Lung nodules were characterized on CT as benign, indeterminate, and metastatic.

Evaluation of an Objective MRI-Based Tumor Regression Grade (mrTRG) Score and a Subjective Likert Score for Assessing Treatment Response in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancers-A Retrospective Study.

 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the help of MRI-based tumor regression grade (mrTRG) score has been used as a tool to predict pathological tumor regression grade (pTRG) in patients of rectal cancer post-neoadjuvant chemoradiation. Our study aims to evaluate the ability of MRI in assessing treatment response comparing an objective mrTRG score and a subjective Likert score, with a focus on the ability to predict pathologic complete response (pCR).  Post-treatment MRI studies were retrospectively reviewed for 170 consecutive cases of histopathologically proven rectal cancer after receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiation and prior to surgery by two oncoradiologists blinded to the eventual postoperative histopathology findings.

Trastuzumab Plus Gemcitabine-Cisplatin for Treatment-Naïve Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Positive Biliary Tract Adenocarcinoma: A Multicenter, Open-Label, Phase II Study (TAB).

Purpose: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression is seen in 4%-16% of biliary tract cancers (BTCs). We aimed to evaluate the clinical activity of gemcitabine-cisplatin (GC) plus anti-HER2 antibody trastuzumab as initial treatment in HER2-positive BTCs.

Methods: This study was an investigator-initiated, open-label, single-arm, multi-institutional, phase II trial in adult patients with HER2-positive (defined as immunohistochemistry [IHC] 3+ or IHC 2+ and fluorescent in situ hybridization-positive), treatment-naïve BTCs.

Cross-sectional imaging review of common to uncommon lung cancer mimickers in a tertiary care oncology center.

Lung cancer is the most diagnosed cancer worldwide. Many non-malignant pulmonary lesions, such as tuberculosis, fungal infection, organizing pneumonia, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, and IgG4 disease, can mimic lung cancer due to their overlapping morphological appearance on imaging. These benign entities with minor differentiating imaging clues may go unnoticed in a high-volume cancer institution, leading to over-investigation that may result in repeated biopsies, pointless wedge resections, and related morbidities.

HRAS-mutated primary thyroid malignant melanoma or medullary thyroid carcinoma with melanocytic dedifferentiation? A singular case with an ontogeny-phylogeny quandary.

Melanotic pigment in the thyroid is practically synonymous with chronic minocycline therapy and rare cases of melanotic medullary thyroid carcinoma. However, primary melanoma of the thyroid has not been reported yet. We report a rare case of a 25-year-old male with a locally aggressive thyroid mass and distant metastases at presentation.

MRI in rectal cancer patients on 'watch and wait': patterns of response and their evolution.

Purpose: Evaluate MR patterns of response and their evolution in rectal cancer patients on watch and wait (WW).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 337 MRIs of 60 patients (median follow-up: 12 months; range: 6-49 months). Baseline MRIs (available in 34/60 patients) were evaluated for tumor morphology, location, thickness, circumferential involvement, nodal status and EMVI.

Intratumoural metastasis of primary lung adenocarcinoma to non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features.

Metastasis to the thyroid gland is very uncommon with an incidence of 2-3% of all thyroid malignancies. A higher incidence is noted in autopsy studies indicating incidental detection. However, tumour-to-tumour metastasis is extremely uncommon with a handful of cases published in the literature to date.

Nonsalivary Primary Adenocarcinomas of the Base of the Tongue: A Single Tertiary-Care Oncology Center Series of 6 Cases.

Context.—: Nonsalivary primary adenocarcinomas of the base of the tongue (PABOTs) are extremely rare and worth reporting.

Objective.

Parathyroid Carcinoma: a Review.

Parathyroid cancer is a rare endocrine malignancy with only a few thousand cases reported worldwide. As a result, there exists considerable controversy regarding the various aspects of this disease, viz., etiology, diagnosis, and management.

Phase I Study Evaluating Dose De-escalation of Sorafenib with Metformin and Atorvastatin in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (SMASH).

Background: This phase I dose de-escalation study aimed to assess the tolerability, safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and efficacy of sequentially decreasing doses of sorafenib in combination (SAM) with atorvastatin (A, 10 mg) and metformin (M, 500 mg BD) in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Patients were enrolled in 1 of 4 sequential cohorts (10 patients each) of sorafenib doses (800 mg, 600 mg. 400 mg, and 200 mg) with A and M.

Learning curve analysis for lateral pelvic lymph node dissection in rectal cancers - Outcomes improve with experience.

Introduction: Lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPLND) is a technically challenging procedure and its learning curve has not been analysed against an oncologically relevant outcome. The purpose of the study was to determine the learning curve for LPLND in rectal cancers using nodal retrieval as performance measure.

Methods: Consecutive LPLND for rectal adenocarcinomas from a single institution were retrospectively analysed.

Comparative study of functional outcomes between ultra-low anterior resection and inter-sphincteric resection: a propensity matched analysis.

Background: Comparative bowel functional outcomes between ultralow anterior resections (ULAR) and inter-sphincteric resection (ISR) for similar tumour and patient characteristics is not known.

Methods: Single centre study of low rectal caners (<5cm from anal verge) with 1:1 propensity matching of age, sex, body mass index, prior radiation, and surgical approach (open vs. minimally invasive) was performed for the ULAR and ISR groups.

MRI features of signet ring rectal cancer.

Purpose: Signet Ring Rectal Cancer (SRRC) of rectum is rare high-grade subtype with poor prognosis and characteristic histopathology. We evaluated its imaging appearance and correlated its outcomes.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of the rectal MRIs of 97 patients with rectal SRRC, evaluating tumor morphology, T2 signal, length, location, pattern of tumor growth, nodal status and location, EMVI (extramural vascular invasion), site of metastases, and response to chemotherapy.

Optimal neoadjuvant strategy for signet ring cell carcinoma of the rectum-Is TNT the solution?

Introduction: The results of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) for locally advanced rectal cancers (LARC) cannot be extrapolated to signet-ring cell cancers (SRCC) that have an extremely aggressive biology.

Methods: A retrospective study comparing long course chemoradiation (CTRT) against short course radiation (SCRT) and 12 weeks of chemotherapy for high-risk LARC. Primary endpoints were treatment failure and disease-free survival (DFS) RESULTS: CTRT was given to 74 (59.

Ossifying Fibromas of the Head and Neck Region: A Clinicopathological Study of 45 Cases.

Ossifying fibromas of the head and neck region are classified as cemento-ossifying fibroma (COF) (odontogenic origin), and two types of juvenile ossifying fibromas: juvenile trabecular ossifying fibroma (JTOF), and juvenile psammomatous ossifying fibroma (JPOF). The potential for recurrence in JTOF and JPOF and the discovery of newer molecular signatures necessitates accurate histological classification. Over 12 years (2005-2017), a total of 45 patients with 51 tumours were retrieved and reviewed for clinic-pathological features from the archives of a tertiary care oncology centre.

Papillary and Medullary Thyroid Carcinomas Presenting as Collision Tumors: A Case Series of 21 Cases at a Tertiary Care Cancer Center.

Collision tumor is the occurrence of two histologically and morphologically distinct tumors within the same organ with no histological admixture. Collision tumors of the thyroid are extremely rare constituting < 1% of all thyroid tumors. Clinical profiles and pathological features of Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) presenting as Collision tumors of thyroid, diagnosed between 2009 and 2019, at a tertiary care cancer center were retrospectively analyzed.

Low-cost oral metronomic chemotherapy versus intravenous cisplatin in patients with recurrent, metastatic, inoperable head and neck carcinoma: an open-label, parallel-group, non-inferiority, randomised, phase 3 trial.

Background: Regimens for palliation in patients with head and neck cancer recommended by the US National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) have low applicability (less than 1-3%) in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) because of their cost. In a previous phase 2 study, patients with head and neck cancer who received metronomic chemotherapy had better outcomes when compared with those who received intravenous cisplatin, which is commonly used as the standard of care in LMICs. We aimed to do a phase 3 study to substantiate these findings.

Management of colon cancer at a tertiary referral center in India - Patterns of presentation, treatment, and survival outcomes.

Aim: To define the patterns of disease presentation, treatment strategies, and outcomes for patients with colon cancer at a tertiary referral center in India over 1 year period.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database. All consecutive patients with proven or suspected colonic adenocarcinoma between July 2013 and July 2014 were evaluated in a dedicated analysed multidisciplinary clinic at the Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai.

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST) from esophagus to anorectum - diagnosis, response evaluation and surveillance on computed tomography (CT) scan.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) are the most common non epithelial tumor of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. They arise from interstitial cells of Cajal present in the myenteric plexus. They can also arise outside the GI tract from mesentery, retro peritoneum and omentum.