CAR-T cell therapy in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma and access in Turkey.

The past decade has seen the development of immunotherapy for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), beginning with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in the relapsed and refractory setting and culminating in the market approval of chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) and bispecific antibodies (BsAbs). The medical community is evaluating the efficacy and safety of these targeted immunotherapies, most of which currently target B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) on the surface of plasma cells. Two anti-BCMA CAR-T products are available for treating relapsed or refractory MM: idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel) and ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel).

Thermoreversible gels of hollow silica nanorod dispersions.

Colloidal suspensions of anisotropic particles are ubiquitous in particle-based industries. Consequently, there is a need to quantify the effects of particle shape on equilibrium phases and kinetic state transitions, particularly at lower aspect ratios (L/D ≈ 1-10). We present a new, colloidal system comprised of hollow, octadecyl-coated silica rods with 40 nm diameter with controlled aspect ratio and thermoreversible short-range attractions.

Characterization, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Properties of Mulberry Lattices.

In order to find the most advantageous bioactive compounds from mulberry latex for drug development in the near future, this study was conducted to characterize and evaluate antioxidant and antimicrobial properties from four different mulberry lattices (BR-2, S-1, AR-14, and S-146). The characterization of the lattices was performed by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, gas chromatography coupled to mass spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Further, screenings of the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of selected lattices were performed in vitro using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay and agar well diffusion methods, respectively.

An immuno-informatics approach for annotation of hypothetical proteins and multi-epitope vaccine designed against the Mpox virus.

A worrying new outbreak of Monkeypox (Mpox) in humans is caused by the Mpox virus (MpoxV). The pathogen has roughly 28 hypothetical proteins of unknown structure, function, and pathogenicity. Using reliable bioinformatics tools, we attempted to analyze the MpoxV genome, identify the role of hypothetical proteins (HPs), and design a potential candidate vaccine.

Regulation and safety measures for nanotechnology-based agri-products.

There is a wide range of application for nanotechnology in agriculture, including fertilizers, aquaculture, irrigation, water filtration, animal feed, animal vaccines, food processing, and packaging. In recent decades, nanotechnology emerged as a prospective and promising approach for the advancement of Agri-sector such as pest/disease prevention, fertilizers, agrochemicals, biofertilizers, bio-stimulants, post-harvest storage, pheromones-, and nutrient-delivery, and genetic manipulation in plants for crop improvement by using nanomaterial as a carrier system. Exponential increase in global population has enhanced food demand, so to fulfil the demand markets already included nano-based product likewise nano-encapsulated nutrients/agrochemicals, antimicrobial and packaging of food.

Large amplitude oscillatory shear study of a colloidal gel near the critical state.

A system undergoing sol-gel transition passes through a unique point, known as the critical gel state, where it forms the weakest space spanning percolated network. We investigate the nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of a colloidal dispersion at the critical gel state using large amplitude oscillatory shear rheology. The colloidal gel at the critical point is subjected to oscillatory shear flow with increasing strain amplitude at different frequencies.

Identification of Genomic Regions Associated with High Grain Zn Content in Polished Rice Using Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS).

Globally, micronutrient (iron and zinc) enriched rice has been a sustainable and cost-effective solution to overcome malnutrition or hidden hunger. Understanding the genetic basis and identifying the genomic regions for grain zinc (Zn) across diverse genetic backgrounds is an important step to develop biofortified rice varieties. In this case, an RIL population (306 RILs) obtained from a cross between the high-yielding rice variety MTU1010 and the high-zinc rice variety Ranbir Basmati was utilized to pinpoint the genomic region(s) and QTL(s) responsible for grain zinc (Zn) content.

Assessment of foetal ventriculomegaly from prenatal to early postnatal period: a single-centre retrospective cohort study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the early neonatal outcomes of cases with foetal ventriculomegaly (VM) and to investigate the aetiological and prognostic factors according to the degree of VM in a single tertiary referring centre. The medical records of 87 foetuses diagnosed with VM (≥10 mm) within 6 years were evaluated. Postnatal evaluation and early neonatal prognosis were determined in 39 cases divided into two groups as mild (10-15 mm, 30 cases) and severe (>15 mm, 9 cases) according to the ventricular size.

Anomalous rheological aging of a model thermoreversible colloidal gel following a thermal quench.

We investigate the aging behavior in a well-studied model system comprised of a colloidal suspension of thermoreversible adhesive hard spheres (AHS) but thermally quenched below the gel transition to much larger depths than previously studied. The aging behavior in the model AHS system is monitored by small amplitude oscillatory shear rheology measurements conducted while rapidly quenching from the liquid state at 40 °C to a temperature below the gel temperature, and new, anomalous aging behaviors are observed. Shallow quenches lead to monotonic development of the elastic modulus with time, consistent with prior reports for the development of a homogeneous gel [Gordon et al.

Effects of sodium hypochlorite treatment on the chlorophyll fluorescence in photosystem II of microalgae.

Chlorophyll fluorescence-based method shows great potentials for on-site assessing the vitality of algae in treated ship's ballast water. However, there is very limited information on the mechanism of chlorophyll fluorescence in photosystem II (PSII) after the NaClO treatment. In this paper, the effects of NaClO treatments with five concentrations (0.

An updated review on the role of the CXCL8-CXCR1/2 axis in the progression and metastasis of breast cancer.

Chronic inflammation is a major factor in tumor growth and progression. Cancer cells secrete C-X-C chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) along with its receptor C-X-C chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1) and chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2). It plays a significant role in the activation and trafficking of inflammatory mediators, tumor proliferation and interferes in breast cancer development by controlling cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, and metastasis.

MiR-21 in the Cancers of the Digestive System and Its Potential Role as a Diagnostic, Predictive, and Therapeutic Biomarker.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs. They can regulate the expression of their target genes, and thus, their dysregulation significantly contributes to the development of cancer. Growing evidence suggests that miRNAs could be used as cancer biomarkers.

Identification of Promising RILs for High Grain Zinc Through Genotype × Environment Analysis and Stable Grain Zinc QTL Using SSRs and SNPs in Rice ( L.).

Polished rice is one of the commonly consumed staple foods across the world. However, it contains limited nutrients especially iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn). To identify promising recombinant inbred lines (RILs) for grain Zn and single plant yield, 190 RILs developed from PR116 and Ranbir Basmati were evaluated in two environments (E1 and E2).

Concise perspectives on some synthetic thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives and their specific pharmacodynamic aspects.

Glitazones are synthetic derivatives of thiazolidinedione, and are designated as oral anti-diabetic agents, primarily acting on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) receptors and driving some crucial metabolic pathways linked to glucose and lipid metabolism at transcriptional level. Despite presenting adverse effects, including weight gain, fluid retention, prostate hyperplasia, hyperinsulinemia, and myocardial infarction, they are still preferred in clinical settings due to their utmost efficacy and selectivity. However, these complications kept glitazones restrained for long-term usage.

Toxicity and biomarkers of micro-plastic in aquatic environment: a review.

Microplastics (MPs; <5 mm) are found in all aquatic environments. Due to harmful impacts, MPs pose a great threat to the aquatic ecology. Therefore, this review aims to provide an overview of the risk, bioavailability, and toxicity of MPs in aquatic organisms.

Stable SNP Allele Associations With High Grain Zinc Content in Polished Rice ( L.) Identified Based on ddRAD Sequencing.

Polished rice is widely consumed staple food across the globe, however, it contains limited nutrients especially iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn). To identify promising genotypes for grain Zn, a total of 40 genotypes consisting 20 rice landraces, and 20 released high yielding rice varieties were evaluated in three environments (wet seasons 2014, 2015 and 2016) for nine traits including days to 50% flowering (DFF), plant height (PH), panicle length (PL), total number of tillers (TNT), single plant yield (SPY), Fe and Zn in brown (IBR, ZBR) and polished rice (IPR, ZPR). Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI), Genotype and Genotype × Environment Interaction (GGE) analyses identified genotypes G22 (Edavankudi Pokkali), G17 (Taraori Basmati), G27 (Chittimuthyalu) and G26 (Kalanamak) stable for ZPR and G8 (Savitri) stable for SPY across three environments.

Zinc Biofortified Rice Varieties: Challenges, Possibilities, and Progress in India.

Zinc malnutrition is a major issue in developing countries where polished rice is a staple food. With the existing significant genetic variability for high zinc in polished rice, the development of biofortified rice varieties was targeted in India with support from HarvestPlus, Department of Biotechnology, and Indian Council of Agricultural Research of Government of India. Indian Institute of Rice Research (IIRR) facilitates rice varietal release through All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Project (AICRIP) and also supports rice biofortification program in India.

Variation of grain quality characters and marker-trait association in rice ( L.).

A set of 24 genotypes were studied for 17 grain quality characters and validated with the reported associated rice microsatellite markers with grain quality characters. Using 23 polymorphic markers distributed across 11 chromosomes marker-trait associations were studied. The percentage of polymorphism information content (PIC) of the markers ranged between 54.

Effect of sodium pyrophosphate and understanding microstructure of aqueous LAPONITE dispersion using dissolution study.

In this work, we investigate the physical origin of ergodicity breaking in an aqueous colloidal dispersion of synthetic hectorite clay, LAPONITE, by performing dissolution and rheological experiments with monovalent salt and tetrasodium pyrophosphate solution. We also study the effect of pH and nature of interface, nitrogen and paraffin oil on the same. Dissolution experiments carried out for dispersions with both the interfaces show similar results.

Chelation of specific metal ions imparts coplanarity and fluorescence in two imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives: Potential chemosensors for detection of metal ions in aqueous and biosamples.

Synthesis and chelation induced fluorescence emission from two imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives are described. The nonfluorescent molecule 1 containing N and O donor atoms, achieves coplanarity upon interactions with trivalent cations Al, Fe and Cr, that favors fluorescence emission. Molecule 2 containing two N donor atoms attains coplanarity upon interaction with the only Zn and becomes fluorescent.

Microstructure and Soft Glassy Dynamics of an Aqueous Laponite Dispersion.

Synthetic hectorite clay Laponite RD/XLG is composed of disk-shaped nanoparticles that acquire dissimilar charges when suspended in an aqueous medium. Owing to their property to spontaneously self-assemble, Laponite is used as a rheology modifier in a variety of commercial water-based products. In particular, an aqueous dispersion of Laponite undergoes a liquid-to-solid transition at about 1 vol % concentration.

Ultrasound Assisted Synthesis of 3,4-Diyne Substituted Isocoumarin Derivatives: Identification of Potential Cytotoxic Agents.

Background: The 3,4-diyne substituted isocoumarins have been designed, synthesized and explored as potential anti-proliferative agents.

Method: Ultrasound assisted synthesis of these compounds was carried out by using a three-step method involving (i) Pd/C-Cu catalyzed cross-coupling between the methyl 2-iodobenzoate and buta- 1,3-diynylbenzene followed by (ii) I2-mediated electrophilic cyclization of the resultant 2-(alk-1- ynyl)benzoate ester and (iii) subsequent alkynylation of 4-iodo-3-(phenylethynyl)-isocoumarin under Pd/C-Cu catalysis.

Conclusion: The synthesized compounds showed promising growth inhibition when tested against MDA-MB 231 and K562 cancer cell lines.

Ultrasound Assisted One-pot and Sequential Synthesis of 3-methylene-isoindolin-1-ones and their in vitro Evaluation.

Background: 3-Methyleneisoindolin-1-one derivatives containing a pyridin-2-ylmethyl substituent on their ring nitrogen were designed as potential bioactive agents. A one-pot synthesis of these compounds was achieved via sequential C-C coupling, followed by C-Si bond cleavage and subsequent tandem C-C/C-N bond forming reaction under ultrasound irradiation.

Method: The methodology involved coupling of (trimethylsilyl)acetylene with iodoarenes in the presence of 10% Pd/C-CuI-PPh3-Et3N in MeOH followed by treating the reaction mixture with K2CO3 in aqueous MeOH, and finally coupling with 2-iodo-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)benzamide.