Treatment of textile dyes in a photo-surface dielectric barrier discharge hybrid reactor: Unraveling the degradation mechanisms.

The study demonstrates the unprecedented ability of UV-C integrated surface dielectric barrier discharge (photo-SDBD) in the rapid removal of azo (brilliant red X3B), direct (direct yellow - 44), and reactive dyes (turquoise blue H5G) in textile wastewater. The degradation mechanisms of these dyes were studied using a high-resolution mass spectrometer (HRMS), and a step-by-step reaction pathway was proposed. The BR-X3B and DY-44 dyes undergo azo bond dissociation followed by functional group rearrangement, ring opening, and formation of open chain intermediates.

UV-C photon integrated surface dielectric barrier discharge hybrid reactor: A novel and energy-efficient route for rapid mineralisation of aqueous azo dyes.

The study describes developing an energy-efficient and scalable alternative to conventional non-thermal plasma systems by integrating surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) and UV-C radiation sources. The unprecedented enhancement in the mineralisation rate of an azo dye (brilliant red 5B) by the hybrid reactor (photo-SDBD) is demonstrated thoroughly as a function of dye concentrations, pH, and background salts. The photo-SDBD is 1.

Chalcogen Stabilized bis-Hydridoborate Complexes of Cobalt: Analogues of Tetracyclo[4.3.0.0 .0 ]nonane.

Treatment of Li[BH ER] (E=Se or Te, R=Ph; E=S, R=CH Ph) with [Cp*CoCl] led to the formation of hydridoborate complexes, [{CoCp*Ph}{Cp*Co}{μ-EPh}{μ-κ -E,H-EBH }], 1a and 1 b (1 a: E=Se; 1 b: E=Te) and a bis-hydridoborate species [Cp*Co{μ-κ -Se,H-SeBH }] , 2. All the complexes, 1 a, 1 b and 2 are stabilized by β-agostic type interaction in which 1 b represents a novel bimetallic borate complex with a rare B-Te bond. QTAIM analysis furnished direct proof for the existence of a shared and dative B-chalcogen and Co-chalcogen interactions, respectively.

Heterometallic Triply-Bridging Bis-Borylene Complexes.

Triply-bridging bis-{hydrido(borylene)} and bis-borylene species of groups 6, 8 and 9 transition metals are reported. Mild thermolysis of [Fe (CO) ] with an in situ produced intermediate, generated from the low-temperature reaction of [Cp*WCl ] (Cp*=η -C Me ) and [LiBH ⋅THF] afforded triply-bridging bis-{hydrido(borylene)}, [(μ -BH) H {Cp*W(CO) } {Fe(CO) }] (1) and bis-borylene, [(μ -BH) {Cp*W(CO) } {Fe(CO) }] (2). The chemical bonding analyses of 1 show that the B-H interactions in bis-{hydrido (borylene)} species is stronger as compared to the M-H ones.

Hydroboration of Alkynes: η-Alkene-Borane versus η--Boratabutadiene.

A series of hydroborated η-σ,π-alkene-borane complexes have been synthesized from the reaction of ruthenium-bis(σ)borate complex [Cp*Ru(μ-H)BH(S-CH═S)] () and terminal as well as internal alkynes. Likewise, the reactions of manganese-bis(σ)borate complexes [Mn(CO)(μ-H)BHNCSCH(NL)] (L = NCSCH or H) were explored with terminal alkynes that yielded boratabutadiene complexes [Mn(CO){(NCSCH)N}{(RMeC)═B(HC═CHR)}] [R = phenyl () or -tolyl ()] via triple hydroboration of alkynes. These complexes feature a boratabutadiene ligand that is coordinated to a metal through the η-CBCC mode.

An Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Boratrane Complexes of Late Transition Metals.

In a quest for efficient precursors for the synthesis of boratrane complexes of late transition metals, we have developed a useful synthetic method using [L'M(μ-Cl)Cl ] as precursors (L'=η -p-cymene, M=Ru, x=1; L'=COD, M=Rh, x=0 and L'=Cp*, M=Ir or Rh, x=1; COD=1,5-cyclooctadiene, Cp*=η -C Me ). For example, treatment of Na[(H B)bbza] or Na[(H B)mp ] (bbza=bis(benzothiazol-2-yl)amine; mp=2-mercaptopyridyl) with [L'M(μ-Cl)Cl ] yielded [(η -p-cymene)RuBH{(NCSC H )(NR)} ] (2; R=NCSC H ), [{N(NCSC H ) }RhBH{(NCSC H )(NR)} ] (3; R=NCS-C H ), [(η -p-cymene)RuBH(L) ] (5; L=C H NS), and [Cp*MBH(L) ] (6 and 7; L=C H NS, M=Ir or Rh). In order to delineate the significance of the ligands, we studied the reactivity of [(COD)Rh(μ-Cl)] with Na[(H B)bbza], which led to the formation of the isomeric agostic complexes [(η -COD)Rh(μ-H)BHRh(C H N S ) ], 4 a and 4 b, in parallel to the formation of 16-electron square-pyramidal rhodaboratrane complex 3.

Design, Synthesis, and Chemistry of Bis(σ)borate and Agostic Complexes of Group 7 Metals.

A series of new bis(σ)borate and agostic complexes of group 7 metals have been synthesized and structurally characterized from various borate ligands, such as trihydrobis(benzothiazol-2-yl)amideborate (Na[(H B)bbza]), trihydro(2-aminobenzothiazolyl)borate (Na[(H B)abz]), and dihydrobis(2-mercaptopyridyl)borate (Na[(H B)mp ]) (bbza=bis(benzothiazol-2-yl)amine, abz=2-aminobenzothiazolyl, and mp=2-mercaptopyridyl). Photolysis of [Mn (CO) ] with Na[(H B)bbza] formed bis(σ)borate complex [Mn(CO) (μ-H) BHNCSC H (NR)] (1; R=NCSC H ). Octahedral complex [Re(CO) (N C S C H ) ] (2) was generated under similar reaction conditions with [Re (CO) ].