Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy of the Paris System (TPS 2.0) in Urine Cytology Specimens: An Institutional Experience From a Large Cohort of a Tertiary Care Centre.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of urine cytology using The Paris System (TPS 2.0) in comparison with TPS 1.0, and the Four-Tier Reporting System (FTRS) of our institute for identifying high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC).

Evaluation of structural features of anabolic-androgenic steroids: entanglement for organ-specific toxicity.

Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs), more correctly termed "steroidal androgens", are a broad category of compounds including both synthetic derivatives and endogenously produced androgens like testosterone, which have long been employed as performance-enhancing substances, primarily among recreational athletes and some professionals. While their short-term effects on muscle physiology are well-documented, the long-term health consequences remain inadequately understood. A key finding is the disruption of hormone production, leading to reversible and irreversible changes, particularly with prolonged use.

Zinc(II) coordination compound with N'-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)nicotinohydrazide: Synthesis, crystal structure, computational and cytotoxicity studies.

In this work, we report on the synthesis of a novel zinc(II) coordination compound [ZnL] (1), which was readily obtained from the reaction of Zn(OAc)·2HO and N'-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)nicotinohydrazide (HL) in methanol. Recrystallization of 1 from dimethylformamide under ambient conditions allowed to produce yellow block-like crystals of 1·HO. Complex 1·HO was characterized by FT-IR and H NMR spectroscopy, while its optical properties were studied by UV-vis and spectrofluorimetry in methanol.

Prevalence of pre-operative anxiety and associated risk factors among patients awaiting elective surgery in a tertiary care hospital.

Background: Patients undergoing surgery have a fear of anesthesia and surgical procedures that results in anxiety. The global incidence of pre-operative anxiety is estimated at 60-92%. Age, gender, education, marital status, type of family, type of anesthesia and surgery, and history of surgery are the contributing factors.

A review on metal complexes and its anti-cancer activities: Recent updates from in vivo studies.

Research into cancer therapeutics has uncovered various potential medications based on metal-containing scaffolds after the discovery and clinical applications of cisplatin as an anti-cancer agent. This has resulted in many metallodrugs that can be put into medical applications. These metallodrugs have a wider variety of functions and mechanisms of action than pure organic molecules.

A decisive lifesaving tool in submassive pulmonary embolism: Bedside echocardiography.

Key Clinical Message: Immediate thrombolysis in submassive pulmonary embolism on the basis of bedside echocardiography can be a lifesaving decision in areas where computed tomography (CT) pulmonary angiogram is not readily available.

Abstract: Bedside echocardiography can be a rapid diagnostic and decision-making tool for immediate thrombolysis in submassive pulmonary embolism with evidence of progressively failing ventricles. We report a case of submassive pulmonary embolism in a 26-year-old male under testosterone replacement therapy, who was successfully thrombolyzed based on bedside echocardiography findings.

Exploring the advancements of Australian OPAT.

Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) in Australia has evolved from modest beginnings to a well-established health service with proven benefits in patient outcomes. This is a comprehensive review of the current state of art Australian OPAT with vignettes of the types of OPAT models of care, antimicrobial prescribing and antimicrobial use. In addition, we highlight the similarities and differences between OPAT to other countries and describe Australian OPAT experiences with COVID-19 and paediatrics.

Encounter with Huge Yolk Sac Ovarian Tumor in a Child: A Case Report.

Unlabelled: Yolk sac tumour frequently arises in the gonads as a type of germ cell tumour, though rare is a highly malignant ovarian tumour in children and prompt treatment should be done. We hereby report a case of malignant ovarian tumour presenting with an abdominal lump and increased urinary frequency. Different diagnostic modalities were used such as ultrasonography of the whole abdomen, contrast-enhanced computed tomography abdomen pelvis and tumour markers of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-fetoprotein.

Occluded Coronary Artery among Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients in Department of Cardiology of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction is frequently thought to be caused by incomplete blockage of the culprit artery, whereas ST elevation myocardial infarction is frequently thought to be caused by total occlusion of the culprit artery. The objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of occluded coronary arteries among non-ST elevation myocardial infarction patients department of cardiology of a tertiary care centre.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among non-ST elevation myocardial infarction patients in a tertiary care centre from 22 June 2020 to 21 June 2021 after taking ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee [Reference number: 4271 (6-11) E2 076/077].

Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis: a rare cause of periodic paralysis - a case report.

Unlabelled: Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a rare complication of hyperthyroidism characterized by episodes of muscle weakness and hypokalemia. Patients may present with a sudden onset of muscle weakness. Though hyperthyroidism occurs more commonly in females, TPP typically occurs in young males in their third decade.

A silent, giant staghorn calculus managed with open surgery: a case report.

Unlabelled: Staghorn calculus usually fills the pelvis of the kidney, the infundibulum, and most of the calyces. It is a rarity for staghorn stones to be asymptomatic; in addition to that, the calculus discussed in this case report was of a very large size and was removed intact. Open pyelolithotomy, the procedure used, is one that comes with a wide range of complications but can be deemed effective in certain cases.

An Updated Review on the Role of Nanoformulated Phytochemicals in Colorectal Cancer.

The most common cancer-related cause of death worldwide is colorectal cancer. It is initiated with the formation of polyps, which further cause the development of colorectal cancer in multistep phases. Colorectal cancer mortality is high despite recent treatment breakthroughs and a greater understanding of its pathophysiology.

Retinotopic degeneration of the retina and optic tracts in autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: We investigated the correlation between retinal thickness and optic tract integrity in subjects with autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD) causing mutations.

Methods: Retinal thicknesses and diffusion tensor images (DTI) were obtained using optical coherence tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. The association between retinal thickness and DTI measures was adjusted for age, sex, retinotopy, and correlation between eyes.

LInezolid Monitoring to MInimise Toxicity (LIMMIT1): A multicentre retrospective review of patients receiving linezolid therapy and the impact of therapeutic drug monitoring.

Background: Linezolid is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial with limited use due to toxicity. This study aimed to evaluate linezolid toxicity in a large multicentre cohort. Secondary objectives were to identify factors contributing to toxicity, including the impact of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).

Longitudinal In Vivo Changes in Radial Peripapillary Capillaries and Optic Nerve Head Structure in Non-Human Primates With Early Experimental Glaucoma.

Purpose: There is conflicting evidence regarding whether a loss of radial peripapillary capillaries (RPCs) precedes neuronal loss in glaucoma. We examined the time course of in vivo changes in RPCs, optic nerve head (ONH) structure, and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) in experimental glaucoma (EG).

Methods: Spectral domain optical coherence tomography images were acquired before and approximately every two weeks after inducing unilateral EG in nine rhesus monkeys to quantify mean anterior lamina cribrosa surface depth (ALCSD), minimum rim width (MRW), and RNFLT.

Sleep quality among undergraduate students of a medical college in Nepal during COVID-19 pandemic: an online survey.

Background Good sleep quality is associated with a diverse range of positive outcomes such as better health, less daytime sleepiness, well-being and proper psychological functioning. Sleep deprivation or poor sleep quality leads to many metabolic, endocrine, and immune changes. Many studies have shown changes in sleep schedule along with worsening of sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Prevalence of Anxiety, Depression, and Perceived Stigma in Healthcare Workers in Nepal During Later Phase of First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey.

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has caused discrimination and social stigma among healthcare workers (HCW) causing psychological problems due to prolonged work shifts, uncertain pay, lack of personal protective equipment (PPE), added fear of infection to self or family, and so on. This online survey is directed towards the determination of anxiety, depression, and stigma among healthcare providers in Nepal during the later phase of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods Anxiety and depression were assessed using standard Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), respectively.

Cefiderocol treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii retained spinal hardware infection causing reversible acute interstitial nephritis: Recto: Cefiderocol causing acute interstitial nephritis.

Infections with extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (XDRAB) have limited therapeutic options. We report successful salvage treatment of XDRAB and Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected retained spinal hardware with cefiderocol, despite the development of reversible acute interstitial nephritis after 32 days of treatment.

Nickel(II) complexes based on dithiolate-polyamine binary ligand systems: crystal structures, hirshfeld surface analysis, theoretical study, and catalytic activity study on photocatalytic hydrogen generation.

To ascertain the influence of binary ligand systems [1,1-dicyanoethylene-2,2-dithiolate (i-mnt-2) and polyamine {tetraen = tris(2-aminoethyl)amine, tren = diethylene triamine and opda = o-phenylenediamine}] on the coordination modes of the Ni(ii) metal center and resulting supramolecular architectures, a series of nickel(ii) thiolate complexes [Ni(tetraen)(i-mnt)](DMSO) (1), [Ni2(tren)2(i-mnt)2] (2), and [Ni2(i-mnt)2(opda)2]n (3) have been synthesized in high yield in one step in water and structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray crystallography and spectroscopic techniques. X-ray diffraction studies disclose the diverse i-mnt-2 coordination to the Ni+2 center in the presence of active polyamine ligands, forming a slightly distorted octahedral geometry (NiN4S2) in 1, square planar (NiS4) and distorted octahedral geometries (NiN6) in the bimetallic co-crystallized aggregate of cationic [Ni(tren)2]+2 and anionic [Ni(i-mnt)2]-2 in 2, and a one dimensional (1D) polymeric chain along the [100] axis in 3, having consecutive square planar (NiS4) and octahedral (NiN6) coordination kernels. The N-HO, N-HS, N-HN, N-HS, N-HN, and N-HO type hydrogen bonds stabilize the supramolecular assemblies in 1, 2, and 3 respectively imparting interesting graph-set-motifs.

Experience with human tail and its outcome.

There are some common genetic heritages between human and mammals. Human tail, though rare is one of the most noticeable. Till the date, around 60 cases reported in the literature.

Automatic Segmentation of Retinal Capillaries in Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope Perfusion Images Using a Convolutional Neural Network.

Purpose: Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) capillary perfusion images can possess large variations in contrast, intensity, and background signal, thereby limiting the use of global or adaptive thresholding techniques for automatic segmentation. We sought to develop an automated approach to segment perfused capillaries in AOSLO images.

Methods: 12,979 image patches were extracted from manually segmented AOSLO montages from 14 eyes and used to train a convolutional neural network (CNN) that classified pixels as capillaries, large vessels, background, or image canvas.

Case Report: Subcutaneous Ivermectin Pharmacokinetics in Disseminated Infection: Plasma and Postmortem Analysis.

Parenteral ivermectin treatment of disseminated strongyloidiasis and hyperinfection is increasing, although not licensed in humans and with limited pharmacokinetic data available. Plasma and postmortem tissue analysis in an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis C virus-positive man with disseminated strongyloidiasis suggests loading subcutaneous ivermectin doses are required, from which the central nervous system is protected.

Evaluating the Effect of a Web-Based E-Learning Tool for Health Professional Education on Clinical Vancomycin Use: Comparative Study.

Background: Internet-based learning for health professional education is increasing. It offers advantages over traditional learning approaches, as it enables learning to be completed at a time convenient to the user and improves access where facilities are geographically disparate. We developed and implemented the Vancomycin Interactive (VI) e-learning tool to improve knowledge on the clinical use of the antibiotic vancomycin, which is commonly used for treatment of infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).