Brain abscess due to Cladophialophora bantiana: a review of 124 cases.

Brain abscess caused by Cladophialophora bantiana is a rare disease associated with high mortality due to delay in diagnosis and absence of standardized therapy. We reviewed 124 culture proven C. bantiana brain abscess cases; 103 cases published in English literature during 1952 through 2014 and 21 unpublished cases from our reference center.

Occurrence of blaNDM-₁ & absence of blaKPC genes encoding carbapenem resistance in uropathogens from a tertiary care centre from north India.

Background & Objectives: Carbapenem resistance mediated by carbapenemases is increasingly being reported worldwide. This study was conducted to know the occurrence of important carbapenem resistance encoding genes in Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) causing complicated urinary tract infection (CUTI), and to look at the genetic diversity of these isolates.

Methods: The study was carried out on 166 consecutive carbapenem resistant uropathogens (CRU) isolated from cases with CUTI during 2008 and 2012.

Comparative analysis of virulence determinants, antibiotic susceptibility patterns and serogrouping of atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli versus typical enteropathogenic E. coli in India.

The epidemiology of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and the significance of isolation of atypical EPEC (aEPEC) in childhood diarrhoea have not been well studied in an Indian context. A comparative study was undertaken to investigate virulence determinants, antibiotic susceptibility patterns and serogrouping of typical EPEC (tEPEC) versus aEPEC causing diarrhoea in children. A total of 400 prospective and 500 retrospective E.

Role of multiplex polymerase chain reaction using IS6110 and Protein b for the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis: North India.

Background: Prompt and accurate diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is highly challenging. Current conventional techniques lack sensitivity and are time-consuming. Here, we report our experience with multiplex polymerase chain reaction (MPCR) using two targets namely IS6110 and protein antigen b in the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary TB.

Hospital acquired urinary tract infection by multidrug-resistant Brevundimonas vesicularis.

Infections caused by Brevundimonas vesicularis, a nonfermenting Gram-negative bacterium, are very rare. Here, we report the first case of multidrug-resistant hospital acquired urinary tract infection by B. vesicularis.

Shigellemia in a post renal transplant patient: a case report and literature review.

Shigellemia is a complication of shigellosis that occurs generally in malnourished children. In adults, shigellemia is usually seen in immunocompromised individuals. Here we report the first case of shigellemia in a renal transplant patient from India.

Evaluation of commercial boric acid containing vials for urine culture: low risk of contamination and cost effectiveness considerations.

Background: Urine culture is a gold standard in the diagnosis of urinary tract infection. Clean catch midstream urine collection and prompt transportation is essential for appropriate diagnosis. Improper collection and delay in transportation leads to diagnostic dilemma.

Serotype profile and molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolated from gastroenteritis cases over nine years.

Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is emerging worldwide. We report the occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) phenotypes in 53.4 % of NTS isolated over a period of nine years from gastroenteritis cases.

Sparganosis of liver: a rare entity and review of literature.

Humans are known to serve as the secondary intermediate host for some larval forms of canine or feline tapeworms. Sparganosis is caused by plerocercoid larva of Spirometra of which there are three main species; Spirometra mansoni (or Spirometra erinaceieuropaei), Spirometra mansonoides and Spirometra proliferum. A one-and-half-year-old patient presenting with febrile illness was diagnosed radiologically as a case of liver abscess.

Viral markers in patients with hemophagocytosis: a prospective study in a tertiary care hospital.

Background: Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is a rare clinicopathological condition characterized by the activation of macrophages with prominent hemophagocytosis in bone marrow and other reticulo-endothelial systems. HPS can be familial or secondary to infections including viruses.

Aim: To study the viral markers in patients with HPS.

An update on crimean congo hemorrhagic Fever.

Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is one of the deadly hemorrhagic fevers that are endemic in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, and the Middle East. It is a tick-borne zoonotic viral disease caused by CCHF virus of genus Nairovirus (family Bunyaviridae). CCHF not only forms an important public health threat but has a significant effect on the healthcare personnel, especially in resource-poor countries.

Colletotrichum truncatum: an unusual pathogen causing mycotic keratitis and endophthalmitis.

In recent years, the well-known plant pathogens of the Colletotrichum genus were increasingly reported to cause ophthalmic infections in humans. Among 66 species in the Colletotrichum genus, only a few are known to be pathogenic for humans. We report here five cases of ophthalmic infections due to Colletotrichum truncatum, a species never reported earlier to cause human infection.

Clinical applicability of single-tube multiplex reverse-transcriptase PCR in dengue virus diagnosis and serotyping.

This study has evaluated the clinical applicability of a single-tube multiplex RT-PCR as compared with a two-step nested RT-PCR for the diagnosis as well as serotyping of dengue virus in patient's samples. Seventy-six acute phase blood samples collected from clinically suspected dengue patients during the 2008 outbreak were subjected to two-step nested RT-PCR and single-tube multiplex RT-PCR for dengue diagnosis and serotyping. Of the 76 samples, 17 (22.