Synergistic Interaction during Copyrolysis of Soybean Straw and Tire Waste: Improving Emissions and Product Quality.

This study explores copyrolysis of soybean straw (SS) with hydrogen-rich tire waste (TW) to enhance pyrolytic product quality and reduce pollutant emissions. Addition of TW increased SS biomass conversion from 67.19 to 72.

Participant Assessment of an Alternative Flexible Congregate Nutrition Meal Program for Older Adults.

Congregate Nutrition Services have long been a pillar of public health assistance, championing the independence and community engagement of older Americans. The advent of COVID-19, however, restricted access to these services due to the closure of physical locations. In response, Lanakila Meals on Wheels initiated a virtual congregate meal program, Kūpuna U, in collaboration with community partners in Honolulu County.

Elevated Hepcidin Expression in Human Carotid Atheroma: Sex-Specific Differences and Associations with Plaque Vulnerability.

Hepcidin is upregulated by increased body iron stores and inflammatory cytokines. It is associated with cardiovascular events, arterial stiffness, and increased iron accumulation in human atheroma with hemorrhage. However, it is unknown whether the expression of hepcidin in human carotid plaques is related to plaque severity and whether hepcidin expression differs between men and women.

Imidacloprid Induces Lysosomal Dysfunction and Cell Death in Human Astrocytes and Fibroblasts-Environmental Implication of a Clinical Case Report.

Imidacloprid (IMI), a neonicotinoid insecticide, has potential cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on human and experimental models, respectively. While being an emerging environmental contaminant, occupational exposure and related cellular mechanisms are unknown. Herein, we were motivated by a specific patient case where occupational exposure to an IMI-containing plant protection product was associated with the diagnosis of Bell's palsy.

Acidification scenario of Cox's Bazar coast of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh and its influence on fish larvae abundance.

Ocean acidification is caused mainly by atmospheric carbon dioxide stored in the ocean. Ocean acidification is considered a major threat to aquatic life, and how it influences the abundance of marine fish larvae is still unclear. This research was designed to measure the current ocean acidification scenario of the Cox's Bazar coast of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh, and its probable influence on the abundance of fish larvae.

Toxicological effect of sumithion pesticide on the hematological parameters and its recovery pattern using probiotic in .

The experiment was conducted to clarify sumithion induced hematoxicity in silver barb () through in vivo exposures (25 % and 50 % of LC of sumithion) and subsequent recovery patterns using normal and probiotic treated feed were also assessed. Three treatments each incorporating three replications were used in the experiment for different days (1, 7, 14, 21, and 28). Treatment T was control (0 mg/L), and two concentrations, such as 2.

CD74 in Apoptotic Macrophages Is Associated with Inflammation, Plaque Progression and Clinical Manifestations in Human Atherosclerotic Lesions.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether CD74 levels in atherosclerotic lesions are associated with inflammation, apoptosis, plaque severity, and clinical symptoms among patients with carotid atherosclerosis. We further studied whether CD74 expression is associated with apoptosis in macrophages induced by 7ketocholesterol (7keto). Sixty-one carotid samples (39 males and 22 females) were immunostained with macrophages, smooth muscle cells, CD74, ferritin, TUNEL (Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling), and thrombin receptors.

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Emerging Variants: Evidence from Six Countries.

As the world tries to cope with the devastating effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and emerging variants of the virus, COVID-19 vaccination has become an even more critical tool toward normalcy. The effectiveness of the vaccination program and specifically vaccine uptake and coverage, however, is a function of an individual's knowledge and individual opinion about the disease and available vaccines. This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and resulting community practice(s) associated with the new COVID-19 variants and vaccines in Bangladesh, Colombia, India, Malaysia, Zimbabwe, and the USA.

Determinants of nutrition knowledge, attitude and practices of adolescent sports trainee: A cross-sectional study in Bangladesh.

Background: Nutrition is an important predictor of an athlete's performance. It is more important for particularly those athletes who are in the growing stage (adolescents). This study aimed to assess their current level of knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of nutrition and to predict potential factors impacting their level of these KAP.

Emerging infectious disease, the household built environment characteristics, and urban planning: Evidence on avian influenza in Vietnam.

Recent concerns with pandemic outbreaks of human disease and their origins in animal populations have ignited concerns regarding connections between Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) and development. As disasters, health, and infectious disease become part of planning concern (Matthew & McDonald, 2007), greater focus on household infrastructure and EID disease outbreaks among poultry is warranted. Following Spencer (2013), this study examines the relationship between the mix of household-scale water supplies, sanitation systems, and construction materials, and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) among poultry in a developing country: Vietnam.

Reproductive health and desire for children among young female sex workers in Bangladesh brothels.

Globally, reproductive health research among female sex workers (FSWs) often focuses on pregnancy prevention, but many women who sell sex aspire to have children in the future. In Bangladesh, where early marriage and parenthood is the norm, we examine reproductive histories and childbearing desires of young women who sell sex in brothels. We interviewed 1061 FSWs aged 18 to 24 in eight brothels in three Bangladesh divisions.

Synthesis, crystal structure determination, biological screening and docking studies of N-substituted derivatives of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one as inhibitors of cholinesterases.

Pursuing the strategy of developing potent AChE inhibitors, we attempted to carry out the N-substitution of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one core. A set of 32 N-alkylated/benzylated quinazoline derivatives were synthesized, characterized and evaluated for their inhibition against cholinesterases. N-alkylation of the series of the compounds reported previously (N-unsubstituted) resulted in improved activity.

Synthesis, biological evaluation and docking studies of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives as inhibitors of cholinesterases.

In search of potent inhibitors of cholinesterases, we have synthesized and evaluate a number of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives. The synthetic approach provided an efficient synthesis of the target molecules with excellent yield. All the tested compounds showed activity against both the enzymes in micromolar range.

Stigma Reduction Training Improves Healthcare Provider Attitudes Toward, and Experiences of, Young Marginalized People in Bangladesh.

Purpose: Working with health providers to reduce HIV stigma in the healthcare setting is an important strategy to improve service utilization and quality of care, especially for young people who are sexually active before marriage, are sexual minorities, or who sell sex. A stigma reduction training program for health providers in Bangladesh was evaluated.

Methods: A cohort of 300 healthcare providers were given a self-administered questionnaire, then attended a 2-day HIV and sexual and reproductive health and rights training (including a 90-minute session on stigma issues).

Paying for Sex by Young Men Who Live on the Streets in Dhaka City: Compounded Sexual Risk in a Vulnerable Migrant Community.

Purpose: Dhaka City is home to thousands of migrants from Bangladesh's rural areas who often live in the streets. Prior studies examine street youth's practice of selling sex as a survival mechanism. We assess their less-studied practice of paying for sex and its association with sexual risk behaviors and outcomes.

Autophagy dysfunction and regulatory cystatin C in macrophage death of atherosclerosis.

Autophagy dysfunction in mouse atherosclerosis models has been associated with increased lipid accumulation, apoptosis and inflammation. Expression of cystatin C (CysC) is decreased in human atheroma, and CysC deficiency enhances atherosclerosis in mice. Here, we first investigated the association of autophagy and CysC expression levels with atheroma plaque severity in human atherosclerotic lesions.

Autophagy Induction Protects Against 7-Oxysterol-induced Cell Death via Lysosomal Pathway and Oxidative Stress.

7-Oxysterols are major toxic components in oxidized low-density lipoprotein and human atheroma lesions, which cause lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and cell death. Autophagy may function as a survival mechanism in this process. Here, we investigated whether 7-oxysterols mixed in an atheroma-relevant proportion induce autophagy, whether autophagy induction influences 7-oxysterol-mediated cell death, and the underlying mechanisms, by focusing on cellular lipid levels, oxidative stress, and LMP in 7-oxysterol-treated macrophages.

A computational study of base-catalyzed reactions of cyclic 1,2-diones: cyclobutane-1,2-dione.

The reaction of cyclobutane-1,2-dione with hydroxide was studied by a variety of ab initio (MP2, SCS-MP2, CCSD(T), CEPA/1) and density functional (M06-2X) methods. Three possible reaction paths of the initially formed tetrahedral adduct leading to either 1-hydroxycyclopropane-1-carboxylate (benzilic acid type rearrangement, path A), α-oxobutanoate (path B) or γ-oxobutanoate (path C) were considered. Although the latter two products show similar or even more negative Gibbs free energies of reaction than calculated for the benzilic acid type rearrangement, the Gibbs free energies of activation are substantially higher.

Distinct expression patterns of two Ginkgo biloba 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl-4-diphosphate reductase/isopentenyl diphospahte synthase (HDR/IDS) promoters in Arabidopsis model.

1-Hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl-4-diphosphate reductase (HDR) or isopentenyl diphosphate synthase (IDS) is an enzyme at the final step of the MEP pathway. The multi-copy nature of IDS gene in a gymnosperm Ginkgo biloba is known. To evaluate the function of each isogene, the roles of the promoters were examined in Arabidopsis model.

Cell death induced by 7-oxysterols via lysosomal and mitochondrial pathways is p53-dependent.

Oxysterol accumulation and p53 expression mainly in macrophages have been associated with cell death and necrotic core formation in human atheroma progression. Oxidative stress and lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) in macrophages are important causes of macrophage apoptosis. However, it is not understood how p53 and oxysterols interact in the process.

A substrate-driven approach to determine reactivities of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic esters towards asymmetric bioreduction.

The degree of C=C bond activation in the asymmetric bioreduction of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic esters by ene-reductases was studied, and general recommendations to render these "borderline-substrates" more reactive towards enzymatic reduction are proposed. The concept of "supported substrate activation" was developed. In general, an additional α-halogenated substituent proved to be beneficial for enzymatic activity, whereas β-alkyl or β-aryl substituents were detrimental for the reactivity of nonhalogenated substrates, and α-cyano groups showed little effect.

Pesticides exposure in Pakistan: a review.

This is the first systematic review of studies done since 1960, and to give an integrated picture of pesticides exposure to humans, animals, plants, waters, soils/sediments, atmosphere etc. in Pakistan. Authors have extracted data from different departments, published literature in research journals and National reports.