TDO2 inhibition counters Benzo[a]pyrene-induced immune evasion and suppresses tumorigenesis in lung adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon known as an exogenous AhR ligand. This study investigates the role of BaP in inducing immune checkpoint expression in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and the underlying mechanisms involving the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and tryptophan (Trp) metabolism.

Methods: We assessed the expression of immune checkpoint molecules, including PD-L1 and ICOSL, in lung epithelial cell lines (BEAS-2B and H1975) exposed to BaP.

Plectalibertellenone A suppresses colorectal cancer cell motility and glucose metabolism by targeting TGF-β/Smad and Wnt pathways.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death and represents a serious worldwide health problem. CRC metastasis decreases the survival rate of cancer patients, underscoring the need to identify novel anticancer agents and therapeutic targets. Here, we introduce Plectalibertellenone A (B) as a promising agent for the inhibition of CRC cell motility and glucose metabolism and explore its mechanism of action in CRC cells.

Chrysophanol inhibits of colorectal cancer cell motility and energy metabolism by targeting the KITENIN/ErbB4 oncogenic complex.

Background: Expression of the KITENIN/ErbB4 oncogenic complex is associated with metastasis of colorectal cancer to distant organs and lymph nodes and is linked with poor prognosis and poor survival.

Methods: Here, we used in vitro and in silico methods to test the ability of chrysophanol, a molecule of natural origin, to suppress the progression of colorectal cancer by targeting the KITENIN/ErbB4 complex.

Results: Chrysophanol binds to ErbB4, disrupting the ErbB4/KITENIN complex and causing autophagic degradation of KITENIN.

Usnic Acid Targets 14-3-3 Proteins and Suppresses Cancer Progression by Blocking Substrate Interaction.

The anticancer therapeutic effects of usnic acid (UA), a lichen secondary metabolite, have been demonstrated and . However, the mechanism underlying the anticancer effect of UA remains to be clarified. In this study, the target protein of UA was identified using a UA-linker-Affi-Gel molecule, which showed that UA binds to the 14-3-3 protein.

Anithiactin D, a Phenylthiazole Natural Product from Mudflat-Derived sp., Suppresses Motility of Cancer Cells.

Anithiactin D (), a 2-phenylthiazole class of natural products, was isolated from marine mudflat-derived actinomycetes sp. 10A085. The chemical structure of was elucidated based on the interpretation of NMR and MS data.

Actinoquinazolinone, a New Quinazolinone Derivative from a Marine Bacterium sp. CNQ-617, Suppresses the Motility of Gastric Cancer Cells.

A HPLC-UV guided fractionation of the culture broth of sp. CNQ-617 has led to the isolation of a new quinazolinone derivative, actinoquinazolinone (), as well as two known compounds, 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-4-one () and 7-methoxy-8-hydroxy cycloanthranilylproline (). The interpretation of 1D, 2D NMR, and MS spectroscopic data revealed the planar structure of .

A fatty acid-rich fraction of an endolichenic fungus sp. suppresses immune checkpoint markers via AhR/ARNT and ESR1.

Lung cancer has the highest mortality rates worldwide. The disease is caused by environmental pollutants, smoking, and many other factors. Recent treatments include immunotherapeutics, which have shown some success; however, the search for new therapeutics is ongoing.

Phthalides Isolated from the Endolichenic sp. EL000127 Exhibits Antiangiogenic Activity.

Endolichenic fungi (ELF) produce specialized metabolites that have various medicinal properties. Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis efficaciously suppresses many types of cancer. This study aimed to discover novel antiangiogenic agents from specialized metabolite extracts of ELF strains isolated from Korean lichens.

Marinobazzanan, a Bazzanane-Type Sesquiterpenoid, Suppresses the Cell Motility and Tumorigenesis in Cancer Cells.

Marinobazzanan (), a new bazzanane-type sesquiterpenoid, was isolated from a marine-derived fungus belonging to the genus . The chemical structure of was elucidated using NMR and mass spectroscopic data, while the relative configurations were established through the analysis of NOESY data. The absolute configurations of were determined by the modified Mosher's method as well as vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra calculation and it was determined as 6, 7, 9, and 10.

1'-O-methyl-averantin isolated from the endolichenic fungus Jackrogersella sp. EL001672 suppresses colorectal cancer stemness via sonic Hedgehog and Notch signaling.

Endolichenic fungi are host organisms that live on lichens and produce a wide variety of secondary metabolites. Colorectal cancer stem cells are capable of self-renewal and differentiation into cancer cells, which makes cancers difficult to eradicate. New alternative therapeutics are needed to inhibit the growth of tumor stem cells.

Libertellenone T, a Novel Compound Isolated from Endolichenic Fungus, Induces G2/M Phase Arrest, Apoptosis, and Autophagy by Activating the ROS/JNK Pathway in Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most deadly type of cancer in the world and continuous investigations are required to discover novel therapeutics for CRC. Induction of apoptosis is one of the promising strategies to inhibit cancers. Here, we have identified a novel compound, Libertellenone T (), isolated from crude extracts of the endolichenic fungus from sp.

An acetonic extract and secondary metabolites from the endolichenic fungus sp. EL006872 exhibit immune checkpoint inhibitory activity in lung cancer cell.

Endolichenic fungi (ELF), which live the inside the lichen thallus, contain many secondary metabolites that show various biological activities. Recent studies show that lichen and ELF secondary metabolites have antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, and anticancer activities. Here, the effects of an ELF extract and its bioactive compounds were investigated on the H1975 cell line focusing on immune checkpoint marker inhibition.

Marine Depsipeptide Nobilamide I Inhibits Cancer Cell Motility and Tumorigenicity via Suppressing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and MMP2/9 Expression.

A cyclic depsipeptide, nobilamide I (), along with the known peptide A-3302-B/TL-119 (), was isolated from the saline cultivation of the marine-derived bacterium sp., strain CNQ-490. The planar structure of was elucidated by interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR and MS spectroscopic data.

Physciosporin suppresses mitochondrial respiration, aerobic glycolysis, and tumorigenesis in breast cancer.

Background: Physciosporin (PHY) is one of the potent anticancer lichen compound. Recently, PHY was shown to suppress colorectal cancer cell proliferation, motility, and tumorigenesis through novel mechanisms of action.

Purpose: We investigated the effects of PHY on energy metabolism and tumorigenicity of the human breast cancer (BC) cells MCF-7 (estrogen and progesterone positive BC) and MDA-MB-231 (triple negative BC).