Studies on Conducting Polymer Blends: Synthesis and Characterizations of PVA/PVP Doped with CaCl₂.

Calcium ion conducting polymer blend electrolyte films based on PVA/PVP complexed with CaCl2 have been prepared by solution casting technique. The structural changes of the polymer blends have been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. XRD and FT-IR studies confirmed the complex formation of polymer blends.

Silencing in Arabidopsis T-DNA transformants: the predominant role of a gene-specific RNA sensing mechanism versus position effects.

Pronounced variability of transgene expression and transgene silencing are commonly observed among independent plant lines transformed with the same construct. Single-copy T-DNA lines harboring reporter genes of various kind and number under the control of a strong promoter were established in Arabidopsis thaliana for a comprehensive analysis of transgene expression. Characterization of 132 independent transgenic lines revealed no case of silencing as a result of site of T-DNA integration.