Multifunctional porphyrin-substituted phenylalanine-phenylalanine nanoparticles for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in Alzheimer's disease.

β-Amyloid (Aβ) peptides are believed as the diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Their complexes with copper ions can catalyze the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to further promote neuronal death. Herein, we suggested that porphyrin-substituted phenylalanine-phenylalanine nanoparticles (TPP-FF NPs) could inhibit the aggregation of Aβ monomers, disassemble the fibrillar Aβ aggregates under light illumination, and depressing the Cu-induced generation of ROS.

Electrochemical detection of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 with silver nanoparticles as signal labels by integrating the advantages of homogeneous reaction with surface-tethered detection.

Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 (PARP1) could be activated by binding to nucleic acids with specific sequences, thus catalyzing the poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) of target proteins including PARP1 itself. Most of the previously reported electrochemical methods for the determination of PARP1 were relied on the electrostatic interactions, which required the pre-immobilization of DNA on an electrode for the capture of PARP1. Herein, we reported an "immobilization-free" electrochemical strategy for the assays of PARP1 on the basic of avidin-biotin interaction.

Magnetically-assisted electrochemical immunoplatform for simultaneous detection of active and total prostate-specific antigen based on proteolytic reaction and sandwich affinity analysis.

Simultaneous detection of active and inactive proteases is clinically meaningful for improving diagnostic specificity. In this work, we reported an electrochemical method for simultaneous immunoassays of active and total proteases. Magnetic beads (MBs) were used as the solid supports for immobilization of capture antibodies and enrichment of targets.

Aggregation-induced emission for the detection of peptide ligases with improving ligation efficiency.

Background: Monitoring peptide ligase activity is of great significance for biological research, medical diagnosis, and drug discovery. The current methods for the detection of peptide ligases suffer from the limitations of high background signal, elaborate design of substrate, and high reversibility of ligation reaction. In this work, we proposed a simple and sensitive method for ligase detection with reducing ligation reversibility on the basis of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) mechanism.

Lymph node-targeting adjuvant/neoantigen-codelivering vaccines for combination glioblastoma radioimmunotherapy.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal type of adult brain cancer. Current GBM standard of care, including radiotherapy, often ends up with cancer recurrence, resulting in limited long-term survival benefits for GBM patients. Immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), has thus far shown limited clinical benefit for GBM patients.

Single-dose injectable nanovaccine-in-hydrogel for robust immunotherapy of large tumors with abscopal effect.

Current cancer immunotherapy [e.g., immune checkpoint blockade (ICB)] only benefits small subsets of patients, largely due to immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME).

Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses provide insights into variations in flavonoids contents between two Artemisia cultivars.

Background: Plants in the genus Artemisia are rich in active ingredients and specialized metabolites. Many of these compounds, especially flavonoids, have potential medicinal and nutritional applications, and are of growing interest to scientists due to their wide range of pharmacological and biological activities. Artemisia cultivars are commonly used as raw materials for medicine, food, and moxibustion in China.

A novel mutation of in a Chinese family with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa.

Aim: To identify potential mutations and elucidate the clinical findings of male patients and female carriers of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP) in a Chinese family.

Methods: A four generation pedigree was collected that consisted of 20 individuals. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood, and then the target fragments were amplified by PCR and sequenced directly.

Perspectives of transformative learning and professional agency: A native Chinese language teacher's story of teacher identity transformation in Australia.

The notion of teacher identity has gained momentum in second language (L2) teacher education in the past decade. However, the research into Chinese as a Foreign Language (CFL) teacher identity has yet to receive more attention. The study employed a narrative inquiry to explore a native Chinese CFL in-service teacher's identity negotiation and transformation within an international teacher education program.

Surface-tethered electrochemical biosensor for telomerase detection by integration of homogeneous extension and hybridization reactions.

The general electrochemical biosensors for telomerase detection require the immobilization of primers on the electrode surface for telomeric extension and hybridization reactions. However, immobilization of primers may suffer from the challenges of hindrance effect and configuration freedom, thus reducing the extension and hybridization efficiency. Herein, we developed a sensitive electrochemical biosensor for telomerase detection by integration of homogeneous extension and hybridization reactions and surface-tethered detection.

Application of Absorbable Suture in Strabismus Correction and Nursing Management Advantage of Watson Care Theory in Perioperative Period.

Objectives: The article is aimed at investigating the suture effect of absorbable suture in strabismus correction and the advantage of Watson care theory.

Methods: 148 children with strabismus were enrolled in this study and divided into two groups. The control group received routine nursing, and on this basis, the observation group was given Watson care theory nursing and eye muscle suture with absorbable sutures.

Evaluation of Optimal Reference Genes for qRT-PCR Analysis in (Drury).

The relative quantification of gene expression is mainly achieved through reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR); however, its reliability and precision rely on proper data normalization using one or more optimal reference genes. (Drury) has been an invasive pest of forest trees, ornamental plants, and fruit trees in China for many years. Currently, the molecular physiological role of reference genes in is unclear, which hinders functional gene study.

Application of vitamin A palmitate eye gel and nurse value of Watson's theory of caring in children with dry eye after strabismus surgery: a randomized trial.

Background: After strabismus surgery, the local swelling of conjunctival wound will affect the uniform distribution of tears on the ocular surface, and the inflammatory reaction will affect the stability of tear film, which will easily lead to iatrogenic dry eye. This study aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin A palmitate (VAP) eye gel application in dry eye and the advantages of Watson's theory of caring.

Methods: Two hundred and forty children with dry eye after strabismus surgery treated in our hospital from September 2018 to September 2020 were selected as the study subjects, and were randomly divided into control group and observation group according to the allocation ratio of 1:1.

C-H Bond Alkylations and Difluoromethylation of Tertiary Phosphines Using a Ruthenium Catalyst.

-C-H bond functionalization of tertiary phosphines was developed using [Ru(-cymene)Cl] as a catalyst. Desired product structures were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Mechanistic experiments indicated that -C-H bond functionalization was a radical reaction and that a hexagonal ruthenacycle complex was a crucial intermediate in the process.

-Dehydrogenative Alkylation of Arenes with Ethers, Ketones, and Esters Catalyzed by Ruthenium.

A -dehydrogenative alkylation of arenes with cyclic ethers, ketones, and esters catalyzed by ruthenium is achieved in the presence of a di--butyl peroxide (DTBP) oxidant. Interestingly, when quinoline and isoquinoline are employed as the directing group, or a chain ether as alkylation reagent, the system produces Minisci reaction products. Mechanistic study indicates that -dehydrogenative alkylation is a radical process initiated by DTBP with the assistance of a C-Ru bond /-directing effect.

Electrochemical sensor using poly-(l-cysteine) functionalized CuO nanoneedles/N-doped reduced graphene oxide for detection of lead ions.

A highly sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor modified with poly-(l-cysteine)/CuO nanoneedles/N-doped reduced graphene oxide (l-Cys/NN-CuO/N-rGO) has been prepared for the testing of trace Pb. The electrochemical performance of this proposed sensor was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Based on the excellent electrochemical properties of NN-CuO/N-rGO as well as the specific complexation of natural substance l-cysteine with Pb, the l-Cys/NN-CuO/N-rGO was applied as a voltammetric biosensor for the determination of trace Pb at pH 5.

Facile synthesis of a zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 with reduced graphene oxide hybrid material as an efficient electrocatalyst for nonenzymatic HO sensing.

A zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite was formed by using an efficient synthetic method. The morphology and structure of the ZIF-8/rGO nanocomposite were characterized by scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) mapping. The ZIF-8/rGO nanocomposites were immobilized on a carbon paste electrode (CPE) to construct a high-performance nonenzymatic electrochemical HO sensor.

Ruthenium-Catalyzed ortho/meta-Selective Dual C-H Bonds Functionalizations of Arenes.

The first example of transition-metal-catalyzed ortho/meta-selective dual C-H functionalizations of arenes in one reaction is described. In this transformation, ortho-C-H chlorination and meta-C-H sulfonation of 2-phenoxypyri(mi)dines were achieved simultaneously under catalysis by [Ru(p-cymene)Cl]. The other reactant, namely, an arylsulfonyl chloride, played the role of both a sulfonation and chlorination reagent.

Synthesis of m-Alkylphenols via a Ruthenium-Catalyzed C-H Bond Functionalization of Phenol Derivatives.

The first example of the synthesis of m-alkylphenols via a ruthenium-catalyzed C-H bond functionalization of phenol derivatives with sec/tert-alkyl bromides is reported. Mechanistic studies indicated that the m-C-H bond alkylation may involve a radical process and that a six-membered ruthenacycle complex was the active catalyst. Moreover, this approach can provide an expedited strategy for the atom-/step-economical synthesis of many noteworthy pharmaceuticals and other functional molecules.

Ruthenium-catalyzed meta/ortho-selective C-H alkylation of azoarenes using alkyl bromides.

meta/ortho-Selective C-H (di)alkylation reactions of azoarenes have been achieved via [Ru(p-cymene)Cl] catalyzed ortho-metalation using various types of alkyl bromides. Particularly, dual meta-alkylation of azoarene and reduction offer an attractive strategy for the synthesis of meta-alkylanilines, which are difficult to access via traditional aniline functionalization methods.

Metal-free methylation of a pyridine N-oxide C-H bond by using peroxides.

Metal-free methylation of a pyridine N-oxide C-H bond was developed using peroxide as a methyl reagent under neat conditions. Pyridine N-oxide derivatives with various groups (e.g.

Utilization of xylose as a carbon source for mixotrophic growth of Scenedesmus obliquus.

Mixotrophic cultivation is one potential mode for microalgae production, and an economically acceptable and environmentally sustainable organic carbon source is essential. The potential use of xylose for culturing Scenedesmus obliquus in a mixotrophic mode and physiological features of xylose-grown S. obliquus were studied.

Electrochemical detection of β-amyloid peptides on electrode covered with N-terminus-specific antibody based on electrocatalytic O2 reduction by Aβ(1-16)-heme-modified gold nanoparticles.

β-Amyloid (Aβ) peptides are believed to be important for the diagnosis and prognosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) serving as reliable molecular biomarkers. In this work, we reported a simple and sensitive electrochemical strategy for the detection of total Aβ peptides using gold nanoparticles modified with Aβ(1-16)-heme (denoted as Aβ(1-16)-heme-AuNPs). Monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific to the common N-terminus of Aβ was immobilized onto gold electrode for the capture of Aβ(1-16)-heme-AuNPs.

Utilization of nitrite as a nitrogen source by Botryococcus braunii.

Nitrite at 2 mM did not affect the growth of Botryococcus braunii and served as the sole nitrogen source giving a minimum biomass doubling time of 4.2 d, which was equal to that of the culture using 4 mM nitrate as nitrogen source. With nitrite at 4 mM, after a lag phase of about 10 d, the alga grew quickly, reaching 1.