Influence of ozone pollution on the mixing state and formation of oxygenated organics containing single particles.

The formation and aging processes of oxygenated organic molecules (OOMs) are important for understanding the formation mechanisms of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) in the field. In this study, we investigated the mixing states of OOM particles by identifying several oxygenated species along with the distributions of secondary organic carbon (SOC) during both clean and ozone (O)-polluted periods in July and September of 2022 in Guangzhou, China. OOM-containing particles accounted for 57 % and 49 % of the total detected single particles in July and September, respectively.

Mixing states and secondary formation processes of organic nitrogen-containing single particles in Guangzhou, China.

Organic nitrogen (ON) compounds play a significant role in the light absorption of brown carbon and the formation of organic aerosols, however, the mixing state, secondary formation processes, and influencing factors of ON compounds are still unclear. This paper reports on the mixing state of ON-containing particles based on measurements obtained using a high-performance single particle aerosol mass spectrometer in January 2020 in Guangzhou. The ON-containing particles accounted for 21% of the total detected single particles, and the particle count and number fraction of the ON-containing particles were two times higher at night than during the day.

The significant contribution of nitrate to a severe haze event in the winter of Guangzhou, China.

A severe haze pollution occurred in Guangzhou from January 14 to 16, 2021, during which the mass concentration of PM ranged from 76 to 243 μg m. This level of pollution was rarely observed in recent years considering the improved air quality in Guangzhou. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehensively study the formation mechanisms of this severe haze pollution to prevent its reoccurrence.

Importance of glutamine in synaptic vesicles revealed by functional studies of and its mutations pathogenic for intellectual disability.

Human mutations in the gene encoding the solute carrier (SLC) 6A17 caused intellectual disability (ID). The physiological role of and pathogenesis of -based-ID were both unclear. Here, we report learning deficits in knockout and point mutant mice.

MIAT shuttled by tumor-secreted exosomes promotes paclitaxel resistance in esophageal cancer cells by activating the TAF1/SREBF1 axis.

Chemoresistance remains a major obstacle to the treatment of esophageal cancer (EC). Exosome-mediated transfer of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has recently been unveiled to correlate with the regulation of drug resistance in EC. This study aimed to investigate the physiological mechanisms by which exosome-encapsulated lncRNA myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) derived from tumor cells might mediate the paclitaxel (PTX) resistance of EC cells.

Long-Term Observation of Mixing States and Sources of Vanadium-Containing Single Particles from 2020 to 2021 in Guangzhou, China.

The distribution of vanadium (V) in aerosols is commonly used to track ship exhaust emissions, yet the atmospheric abundance of V has been greatly reduced due to the implementation of a clean fuel policy. Recent research mainly discussed the chemical compositions of ship-related particles during specific events, yet few studies focus on the long-term changes of V in the atmosphere. In this study, a single-particle aerosol mass spectrometer was used to measure V-containing particles from 2020 to 2021 in Huangpu Port in Guangzhou, China.

Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles confer 5-fluorouracil resistance in esophageal cancer via long noncoding RNA AC116025.2 delivery.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance is one of the main causes for treatment failure in esophageal cancer (EC). Here, we intended to elucidate the mechanism of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TEVs)-encapsulated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) AC116025.2 in 5-FU resistance in EC.

Insights into the different mixing states and formation processes of amine-containing single particles in Guangzhou, China.

The formation processes of particulate amines are closely related to their emission sources and secondary reactions, which can be revealed through the investigation of their real-time mixing states in individual particles. The mixing states of methylamine (MA)-, trimethylamine (TMA)-, and diethylamine (DEA)-containing particles were studied using a high-performance single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (HP-SPAMS) in Guangzhou, China, in January 2020. The sharp increase in TMA particles was found to be closely associated with the increase in the ambient relative humidity (RH), while the MA- and DEA-containing particles were not similarly influenced by the changes in the RH.

New Jurassic Hangingflies (Insecta: Mecoptera: Bittacidae) from Inner Mongolia, China.

A new bittacid genus, Composibittacus gen. nov., with two new species, C.

Four new species of hangingflies (Insecta, Mecoptera, Bittacidae) from the Middle Jurassic of northeastern China.

Two new species of Mongolbittacus Petrulevičius, Huang & Ren, 2007, Mongolbittacusspeciosus sp. n. and Mongolbittacusoligophlebius sp.

Demethylzeylasteral exhibits dose-dependent inhibitory behaviour towards estradiol glucuronidation.

The disturbance of estradiol level might induce the occurence of some diseases, including cancer. Estradiol is mainly metabolized through the conjugation reactions, including the sulfation and glucuronidation reactions. The present study tried to evaluate the inhibition of estradiol glucuronidation by the major ingredients of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F.

Co-expression of AQP3 and AQP5 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma correlates with aggressive tumor progression and poor prognosis.

To investigate the expression patterns of aquaporin 3 (AQP) 3 and AQP5, to evaluate their relationships with clinicopathological characteristics, and to determine their correlations with survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients, expression levels of AQP3 and AQP5 proteins in 126 ESCC patients were detected by immunohistochemistry. Then, paired Student's t-test, chi-square test, Spearman's rank correlation, Kaplan-Meier plots, and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to analyze their associations with clinicopathological characteristics and survivals of ESCC patients. Both AQP3 and AQP5 proteins were localized on the cell membrane of tumor cells in ESCC tissues.