A 55-Year-Old Woman Presenting with a Second Diagnosis of Craniopharyngioma Following Diagnosis and Successful Treatment of Craniopharyngioma as a 5-Year-Old Child.

BACKGROUND Craniopharyngioma is a rare, partly cystic embryonic malformation of the sellar and parasellar region and is usually benign. This report is of a 55-year-old woman presenting with a second diagnosis of craniopharyngioma following diagnosis and successful treatment of craniopharyngioma as a 5-year-old child. CASE REPORT Our patient was diagnosed with craniopharyngioma at age 5 when she presented with headaches accompanied by nausea and vomiting, decreased visual acuity, polyurea, and polydipsia for 6 months.

Diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in Saudi Arabia: 2023 key updates from the Saudi Osteoporosis Society.

Unlabelled: The Saudi Osteoporosis Society (SOS) has updated its guidelines for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in Saudi Arabia (SA), with emphasis on postmenopausal women. This document is relevant to all healthcare professionals in SA involved in the care of patients with osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related fractures.

Introduction: The SOS launched the first national osteoporosis guidelines in 2015 and spearheaded the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries (GCC) osteoporosis consensus report in 2020 which was under the auspices of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis (ESCEO).

Adoption of telemedicine care for osteoporotic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: experience from a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility and effectiveness of telemedicine care provided to osteoporotic patients in Saudi Arabia. Our results show that this service was effective and feasible, and patients had a good rate of satisfaction with it.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and feasibility of telemedicine care in osteoporotic patients during the COVID-19 lockdown period in Saudi Arabia compared to in-person patients, as well as their satisfaction with this service.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Discordance Between Hip and Spinal Bone Mineral Density Among Saudi Subjects.

Background Discordance between hip and spine on dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry is a well-known problem in diagnosing osteoporosis. The prevalence and risk factors of this problem have not been studied in the Saudi population. The objective of this study was to document this discordance in our population and its possible risk factors.

Incidence of hip fracture in Saudi Arabia and the development of a FRAX model.

Unlabelled: A prospective hospital-based survey in representative regions of Saudi Arabia determined the incidence of fractures at the hip. The hip fracture rates were used to create a FRAX® model to facilitate fracture risk assessment in Saudi Arabia.

Objective: This paper describes the incidence of hip fracture in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia that was used to characterize the current and future burden of hip fracture, to develop a country-specific FRAX® tool for fracture prediction and to compare fracture probabilities with neighbouring countries.

The application of FRAX in Saudi Arabia.

Unlabelled: Assessment and treatment pathways based on age-specific intervention thresholds in Saudi Arabi can be used to identify patients at high risk of fracture and avoid unnecessary treatment in those at low fracture risk.

Purpose: Intervention thresholds for the treatment of osteoporosis have historically been based on the measurement of bone mineral density. The aim of the present study was to explore treatment paths and characteristics of women eligible for treatment in Saudi Arabia based on fracture probabilities derived from FRAX®.

Diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries: consensus statement of the GCC countries' osteoporosis societies under the auspices of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO).

Unlabelled: A consensus platform is provided by the experts of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries' respective osteoporosis societies, on which specific guidelines can be developed further for regional use on the assessment and treatment of postmenopausal women at risk from fractures due to osteoporosis.

Introduction: Guidance is provided in a Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) country setting on the assessment and treatment of postmenopausal women at risk from fractures due to osteoporosis, which is an adaptation of the European guidance by Kanis et al., jointly published by the International Osteoporosis Foundation and the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO).

Celiac disease and severe vitamin D deficiency: the case for anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody screening.

Unlabelled: Vitamin D-deficient Saudi adolescent girls were screened for anti-tissue transglutaminase (IgA-tTG) antibodies to determine whether the presence of severe vitamin D deficiency was associated with celiac disease. All 9 participants who were positive for IgA-tTG antibodies had severe vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 12.5 nmol/l), suggesting that this population should be screened for celiac disease.

A weekly 35,000 IU vitamin D supplementation improves bone turnover markers in vitamin D deficient Saudi adolescent females.

Unlabelled: This study examined the effects of weekly 35,000 IU vitamin D supplementation for 4 weeks on bone turnover markers (BTMs). There was improvement in the levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), osteocalcin, and carboxy-terminal telopeptides of crosslinks of type 1 collagen (βCTX) which paralleled the increase in vitamin D levels.

Purpose: The effects of vitamin D supplementation on bone turnover markers (BTMs) have been inconsistent.

Vitamin D status correction in Saudi Arabia: an experts' consensus under the auspices of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis, and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO).

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is common in the Middle East and in Saudi Arabia, in particular. While several international recommendations on the management of vitamin D deficiency have been documented and practiced globally, these recommendations should be adapted to the conditions of the Middle Eastern region. To address this challenge, the Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis (PMCO) in King Saud University (KSU), Riyadh, KSA, together with local experts and in cooperation with the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO), organized a panel that formulated unified recommendations in the diagnosis and treatment of vitamin D deficiency in the region.

Case-Based Review of Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (ONJ) and Application of the International Recommendations for Management From the International Task Force on ONJ.

Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) has been associated with antiresorptive therapy in both oncology and osteoporosis patients. This debilitating condition is very rare and advances in diagnosis and management may now effectively reduce the risk of its development and offer valuable treatment options for affected patients. This paper provides a case-based review of ONJ and application of the International Task Force on ONJ (referred to as the "Task Force") recommendations for the diagnosis and management of ONJ.

Vitamin D deficiency and biochemical variations among urban Saudi adolescent girls according to season.

Objectives: To determine seasonal variations in the vitamin D status of Saudi adolescent girls in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and its effect in biochemical and clinical characteristics. 

Methods: In this prospective study, a total of 2000 Saudi females aged 12-18 years from different schools in Riyadh, KSA participated and submitted a generalized questionnaire with clinical information. Fasting blood samples were obtained in 1618 subjects for the winter season (December to February) and only 499 subjects returned to submit fasting blood samples for the summer season (June-August).

2015 Guidelines for Osteoporosis in Saudi Arabia: Recommendations from the Saudi Osteoporosis Society.

Background And Objectives: To provide guidelines for medical professionals in Saudi Arabia regarding osteoporosis.

Design And Settings: A panel of 14 local experts in osteoporosis assembled to provide consensus based on the strength of evidence and expert opinions on osteoporosis treatment.

Patients And Methods: The Saudi Osteoporosis Society (SOS) formed a panel of experts who performed an extensive published studies search to formulate recommendations regarding prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoporosis in Saudi Arabia.

Diagnosis and management of osteonecrosis of the jaw: a systematic review and international consensus.

This work provides a systematic review of the literature from January 2003 to April 2014 pertaining to the incidence, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), and offers recommendations for its management based on multidisciplinary international consensus. ONJ is associated with oncology-dose parenteral antiresorptive therapy of bisphosphonates (BP) and denosumab (Dmab). The incidence of ONJ is greatest in the oncology patient population (1% to 15%), where high doses of these medications are used at frequent intervals.

Effect of gender, season, and vitamin D status on bone biochemical markers in Saudi diabetes patients.

Biochemical bone turnover markers (BTMs) provide important information on the diagnosis, therapy and monitoring of metabolic bone diseases. They are evident before measurable changes in bone mineral density (BMD) take place. A total of 35 adult Saudi patients (23 males; 12 females) with type 2 diabetes and diagnosed to be vitamin D deficient were recruited in this prospective study.

Graves' disease in Saudi Arabia: a ten-year hospital study.

Objective: To determine clinical manifestation and mode of treatment of Graves' disease at King Khalid University Hospital Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A retrospective study of all cases of Graves' disease diagnosed at the hospital in the period between January 1995 and December 2004, who received a minimum of two years treatment were included in the study.

Results: A total of 194 patients were seen with female: male ratio of 2.

Diabetes complications in 1952 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients managed in a single institution in Saudi Arabia.

Background And Objectives: Because there is no recent update on the state of diabetes and its concomitant complications in Saudi Arabia, we undertook a study of the prevalence of health complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to our institution.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of adult Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes who were seen in clinics or admitted to the Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between January 1989 and January 2004.

Results: Of 1952 patients, 943 (48.

Hirsutism in Saudi females of reproductive age: a hospital-based study.

Background: Hirsutism among women of fertile age is commonly seen in clinical practice, but the pattern of the disease in Saudi Arabs has not been studied. The aim of the study was to determine the clinical, biochemical and etiologic features of hirsutism in Saudi females.

Methods: 101 Saudi Arab women presenting with hirsutism at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2005 were prospectively assessed using the recently approved diagnostic guidelines for hyperandrogenic women with hirsutism.

High prevalence of osteoporosis in Saudi men.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of osteoporosis in healthy Saudi men.

Methods: We randomly recruited 429 Saudi men from the community. The recruited Saudi men were subjected to an interview to reveal their lifestyle parameters, calcium intake and level of activity.

Treatment of Graves' hyperthyroidism--prognostic factors for outcome.

Objective: To determine whether clinical and biochemical features of Graves' disease at presentation predict response to medical and radioiodine treatment.

Methods: We carried out a retrospective 10-year study of 194 consecutive Saudi subjects with Graves' disease who were treated with antithyroid drugs, radioiodine therapy, or both, between January 1995 and December 2004 at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Results: At diagnosis, the mean age was 32 +/- 0.

Should diabetic pregnant mothers fast during Ramadan?

Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version.

Lymphocytic thyroiditis presenting as a unilateral painful goitre.

Lymphocytic thyroiditis is a rare cause of painful goitre. An unusual case of lymphocytic thyroiditis causing unilateral severe pain of the thyroid not responding to medical treatment is presented and discussed.