Variability of growing degree days in Poland in response to ongoing climate changes in Europe.

An observed increase in air temperature can lead to significant changes in the phenology of plants and, consequently, changes in agricultural production. The aim of the study was to evaluate the spatial differentiation of thermal resources in Poland and their variability during a period of changing thermal conditions in Europe. Since the variability of thermal conditions is of paramount importance for perennial crops, the study focused on apple, plum, and cherry orchard regions in Poland.

[Rapid identification of Yersinia enterocolitica by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS)].

Introduction: Yersinia enterocolitica includes both human pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains. The pathogenic strains belong to two evolutionary lineages: European and American, of mild- and high- pthogenicity, respectively. Y.

Antioxidant effects of carotenoids in a model pigment-protein complex.

The effect of carotenoids on stability of model photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes subjected to chemical oxidation with hydrogen peroxide or potassium ferricyanide was investigated. The oxidation of carotenoid-less and carotenoid-containing complexes was conducted in the presence or absence of ascorbic acid. The progress of the reactions was monitored by use of absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Emergence of Klebsiella pneumoniae coproducing KPC-2 and 16S rRNA methylase ArmA in Poland.

A Klebsiella pneumoniae epidemic strain that coproduced carbapenemase KPC-2 (K. pneumoniae carbapenemase 2) and 16S rRNA methylase ArmA has emerged in Poland. Four nonduplicate isolates from patients in a hospital in Warsaw, Poland, were found to carry the bla(KPC-2) and armA genes on ca.

Countrywide molecular survey of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in Poland.

The present investigation was undertaken to assess the proportion of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains among hospital-acquired isolates and to determine the clones of MRSA currently circulating in Poland by using a number of molecular techniques. Between January and May 2005, methicillin resistance was investigated among a total of 915 S. aureus isolates collected from 39 hospitals.

Circulating leptin levels are not influenced by thyroid status in hypothyroid and euthyroid women.

Objectives: Leptin regulates body weight by suppressing food intake and increasing energy expenditure. Alterations in thyroid hormone levels are also associated with changes in body weight but the effect of thyroid hormone deficiency on serum leptin in humans is unclear.

Design And Methods: The aim of this study was to measure leptin levels and to investigate their associations with thyroid hormones in 22 women with severe hypothyroidism after total thyroidectomy, and in a group of 22 healthy euthyroid control female subjects matched for age and body mass index (BMI).

Characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis isolated from the nasopharynges of asymptomatic children and molecular analysis of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae strain replacement in the nasopharynx.

Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis in 226 children in different settings (in a crèche [day care center], in an orphanage, and at home) during two seasons (winter and spring) was studied. The rates of carriage of S. pneumoniae and H.

Countrywide spread of CTX-M-3 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing microorganisms of the family Enterobacteriaceae in Poland.

Eighty-four clinical isolates of the family Enterobacteriaceae, recovered from 1998 to 2000 in 15 hospitals in 10 Polish cities, were analyzed. All the isolates produced beta-lactamases with pIs of 8.4 and 5.

Antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial strains isolated from urinary tract infections in Poland.

Worldwide data show that there is increasing resistance among urinary tract pathogens to conventional drugs. The aim of this study was to obtain data on susceptibility patterns of pathogens responsible for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in Poland to currently used antimicrobial agents. A multicentre study of 141 pathogens from hospital-acquired infections and 460 pathogens from community-acquired infections was carried out between July 1998 and May 1999.

Studies on the regeneration of rat intestinal epithelium after exposure to cyclophosphamide.

Cyclophosphamide caused changes in Paneth cells. The relationship of these changes to the proliferative reaction of the intestinal epithelium requires a more complete knowledge of various physiological functions of Paneth cells.

Intestinal epithelium regeneration in rats receiving methotrexate and a trial of regulating this regeneration with pentagastrin and glucagon.

The study was carried out in three groups of rats: group I of 36 rats received methotrexate, group II of 36 rats were given methotrexate, pentagastrin and glucagon, group III of 12 rats served as control. For histological examination the ileum was taken from the animals killed on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 9 after the last injection of methotrexate. Besides histological examinations the mitotic index and the number of cells in crypt longitudinal-section were determined.

Histological studies on the regeneration of small-intestine epithelium of rats irradiated with sublethal doses of X rays.

The dynamics of regeneration of small-intestine epithelium was studied in rats irradiated with X-rays in sublethal doses of 550, 600 or 750 R. Sixty-two irradiated and 22 control animals were used in the experiment. They were killed 1,2,4,6,8,14 and 25 days after the irradiation.