Global Epidemiology of Gallstones in the 21st Century: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background & Aims: Gallstones are common and associated with substantial health and economic burden. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the prevalence and incidence of gallstones in the 21st century.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed and Embase to identify studies reporting the prevalence and/or incidence of gallstones between January 1, 2000, and November 18, 2023.

Impacts of local soil and vehicle NO emissions on ground-level NO concentrations on a university campus in the city of Shenyang, China.

Nitrogen dioxide (NO) is a ubiquitous atmospheric pollutant, and fossil fuel combustion is generally considered its predominant source in and around urban areas. As the total nitrogen deposition is high over here, soil NO emissions from urban green space might also be an important local source of ground-level NO. In this study, Willems badge samplers were employed to monitor the spatial and seasonal variations of 2-week mean atmospheric NO concentrations at a height of 1.

Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery Complicated With Dysphagia.

Anterior cervical spine surgery is a common type of neck surgery in orthopaedics. Swallowing disorder is one of the most common complications after surgery. It is characterized by food entering the esophagus from the mouth through the pharynx.

Flavonol glycoside complanatoside A requires FOXO/DAF-16, NRF2/SKN-1, and HSF-1 to improve stress resistances and extend the life span of .

Aging is associated with the increased risk of most age-related diseases in humans. Complanatoside A (CA) is a flavonoid compound isolated from the herbal medicine Semen Astragali Complanati. CA was reported to have potential anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities.

Trigonelline Extends the Lifespan of and Delays the Progression of Age-Related Diseases by Activating AMPK, DAF-16, and HSF-1.

Trigonelline is the main alkaloid with bioactivity presented in fenugreek, which was used in traditional medicine in Asian countries for centuries. It is reported that trigonelline has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-pathogenic effects. We are wondering whether trigonelline have anti-aging effect.