Longitudinal analysis of clinical and laboratory biomarkers in a patient with familial lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency (FLD) and accelerated eGFR decline: A case study.

Familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency (FLD) is an ultra-rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by very low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, corneal opacity, anemia, and progressive renal disease. The rate and severity of renal disease are variable across FLD patients and the biomarkers and risk factors for disease progression are poorly understood. Here we report a 30 year-long comparative analysis of the clinical and laboratory biomarkers in an FLD patient with accelerated renal decline, who underwent two kidney and one liver transplantations.

Outcomes of resident physician-performed cataract surgery in a diverse veterans affairs health system population.

Purpose: To evaluate visual acuity (VA) outcomes and complications from resident physician-performed cataract surgery in a diverse Veterans Affairs Hospital population.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients who underwent cataract surgery performed by resident physicians from 01/01/2013 to 12/31/2015 at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Intraoperative and postoperative clinical information, best-corrected VA (BCVA) (1 day, months 1, 2-3, and 6), and surgery complications were extracted.

Topical ophthalmic anesthetics for corneal abrasions.

Background: Despite potential analgesic benefits from topical ophthalmic amides and esters, their outpatient use has become of concern because of the potential for abuse and ophthalmic complications.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness and safety of topical ophthalmic anesthetics compared with placebo or other treatments in persons with corneal abrasions.

Search Methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); MEDLINE; Embase.

Severe Mpox Infection of the Eye and Periocular Region.

Mpox is an emerging zoonotic infection with potentially severe ocular and periocular consequences, particularly in immunocompromised patients. This report summarizes 2 cases of fulminant mpox presenting in patients with AIDS. In the first case, confluent lesions resulted in orbital compartment syndrome and total eyelid necrosis.

Corneal Culture and Antibiotic Susceptibility Results for Microbial Keratitis in the Mid-Atlantic Region of the United States, 2016 to 2020.

Objective: To examine the microbial distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of culture-positive microbial keratitis at a large tertiary referral center in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States.

Methods: Retrospective review of culture-positive microbial keratitis cases at the Wilmer Eye Institute from 2016 through 2020.

Results: Of the 474 culture-positive microbial keratitis cases, most were bacterial (N=450, 94.

Cataracts in setting of multisystem inflammation after COVID-19 vaccination.

Purpose: To describe a unique case of bilateral cataract formation in the setting of multisystem inflammation after the 1st dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.

Observations: A previously healthy 20-year-old male developed intumescent bilateral cataracts leading to visual decline from 20/20 to 20/300-20/400 in each eye, likely from systemic inflammation after vaccination.

Conclusion And Importance: This is the first reported case of cataract formation following a COVID-19 vaccine.

Corneal Edema and Keratoplasty: Risk Factors in Eyes With Previous Glaucoma Drainage Devices.

Purpose: To assess risk factors contributing to corneal decompensation following glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation.

Design: Retrospective case control study.

Methods: Records of 1610 eyes that underwent GDD implantation between June 1, 2009, and April 1, 2020, at the Johns Hopkins Wilmer Eye Institute were reviewed.

A 15-YEAR-OLD BOY WITH PROTRACTED VISION LOSS FROM ACUTE POSTERIOR MULTIFOCAL PLACOID PIGMENT EPITHELIOPATHY.

Purpose: To present an atypical case of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy in a 15 year old treated with immunosuppressive therapy.

Methods: Interventional case report.

Results: On initial presentation, the vision was 20/200 in the right eye and 20/300 in the left eye.

The use of self-retained, cryopreserved amniotic membrane for the treatment of Sjögren syndrome: a case series.

Purpose: To determine whether signs and symptoms of ocular surface disease improve after placement of a self-retained, cryopreserved amniotic membrane (CAM) in patients with Sjögren syndrome (SS).

Methods: The medical records of SS patients who received a self-retained CAM implant (Prokera or Prokera Slim; TissueTech Inc, Doral, FL) for the treatment of ocular surface disease between August 2012 and August 2016 at a single, large academic institution were reviewed retrospectively. Visual acuity, results of slit-lamp examination of the cornea and conjunctiva, and dry eye symptoms, were evaluated before and after CAM insertion.

Survey of Ophthalmologists Regarding Practice Patterns for Dry Eye and Sjogren Syndrome.

Objective: To survey ophthalmologists about current practice patterns regarding the evaluation of dry eye patients and referrals for a Sjogren syndrome (SS) workup.

Methods: An online survey was sent to ophthalmologists affiliated with the Scheie Eye Institute or Wills Eye Hospital using REDCap in August 2015. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data.

Complement C5a receptor knockout has diminished light-induced microglia/macrophage retinal migration.

Purpose: The complement system is involved in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Because activated microglia are also associated with AMD, we studied the relationship between complement anaphylatoxin receptors and microglial recruitment.

Methods: We assessed the effect of anaphylatoxin C3a receptor (C3aR) and C5a receptor (C5aR) knockout (KO) on light damage-induced migration of microglia/macrophages into the mouse outer retina via immunofluorescence and real-time quantitative PCR.

Risk Factors Associated with Progression to Blindness from Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in an African-American Population.

Purpose: To determine the risk factors associated with progression to blindness from primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in an African-American population.

Methods: This study examined 2119 patients enrolled in the Primary Open-Angle African-American Glaucoma Genetics (POAAGG) study. A total of 59 eyes were identified as legally blind as a result of POAG (cases) and were age-and sex-matched to 59 non-blind eyes with glaucoma (controls).

Simultaneous thoracic and abdominal transplantation: can we justify two organs for one recipient?

Simultaneous thoracic and abdominal (STA) transplantation is controversial because two organs are allocated to a single individual. We studied wait-list urgency, and whether transplantation led to successful outcomes. Candidates and recipients for heart-kidney (SHK), heart-liver (SHLi), lung-liver (SLuLi) and lung-kidney (SLuK) were identified through the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) and outcomes were compared to single-organ transplantation.

NR4A nuclear receptors support memory enhancement by histone deacetylase inhibitors.

The formation of a long-lasting memory requires a transcription-dependent consolidation period that converts a short-term memory into a long-term memory. Nuclear receptors compose a class of transcription factors that regulate diverse biological processes, and several nuclear receptors have been implicated in memory formation. Here, we examined the potential contribution of nuclear receptors to memory consolidation by measuring the expression of all 49 murine nuclear receptors after learning.

A significant drug-drug interaction detected through corneal examination: resolution of cornea verticillata while using amiodarone.

Purpose: To describe a patient with resolution of cornea verticillata while still using amiodarone as a result of a drug interaction lowering serum levels of amiodarone.

Methods: An 83-year-old retired physician with long-standing cornea verticillata was noted to have complete resolution of cornea verticillata on a routine follow-up eye examination. The patient reported complete compliance with using amiodarone daily, with no recent changes in dosage or formulation.

Elevated intraocular pressure-induced interlamellar stromal keratitis occurring 9 years after laser in situ keratomileusis.

Elevated intraocular pressure-induced interlamellar stromal keratitis (PISK) is an entity of interface haze usually occurring weeks to months after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) that is associated with elevated intraocular pressures and worsening with steroid treatment. There is evidence that this interface haze is the result of abnormal fluid dynamics that occur in the cornea after LASIK. We present a case of pressure-induced interlamellar stromal keratitis occurring 9 years after LASIK in the setting of anterior uveitis.

Pupillary block glaucoma associated with a secondary piggyback intraocular lens.

A 53-year-old woman developed pupillary block glaucoma associated with iris capture of a piggyback intraocular lens (IOL) that was treated with laser peripheral iridotomy. The piggyback IOL was repositioned by dilating the iris pharmacologically and reclining the patient. The IOL maintained its proper position behind the iris with the use of low-concentration pilocarpine eyedrops.

Conjunctival Kaposi's sarcoma in a nonimmunocompromised patient.

Case Report: We report a case of conjunctival Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in a nonimmunocompromised patient. The resected tumour recurred locally. No additional lesion was seen 20 months after the second surgery.

Development of epithelial downgrowth several decades after intraocular surgery.

Purpose: To report the management of a patient with the longest reported interval between intraocular surgery and the development of epithelial downgrowth.

Methods: A 53-year-old man who underwent right eye penetrating keratoplasty in 1970 for keratoconus and removal of an iris cyst in 1977 developed epithelial downgrowth 25 years after cyst removal.

Results: The area of epithelial downgrowth was initially treated with cryotherapy.

Assessment of ocular and nasal irritation in asthmatics resulting from fragrance exposure.

Background: Many asthmatics report worsening of symptoms following exposure to odours and sensory irritants commonly found in household and cosmetic products. Despite this, little evidence exists to confirm the degree to which such subjective reports are correlated with localized, objective changes in the upper or lower airways following a fragranced product exposure.

Objective: Subjective symptom reports were compared to objective measures in mild asthmatics, moderate asthmatics and non-asthmatics following exposure to one of two fragranced household aerosol mixtures and a clean air control condition to determine if asthmatics reported greater subjective symptoms of nasal congestion or exhibited objective measures of elevated ocular irritation and nasal congestion following exposure than did healthy controls.

Efficacy of media enriched with nonlactate-generating substrate for organ preservation: in vitro and clinical studies using the cornea model.

Background: Using a rabbit cornea model, our recent study demonstrated that Chen Medium (CM), an isotonic media enriched with nonlactate-generating high-energy substrates, is very effective for organ preservation. In the present study, the efficacy of CM is further evaluated with human corneas

Methods: The effectiveness of CM and Optisol for preserving the endothelial integrity of human corneas in vitro was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Clinical efficacy was evaluated in a total of 83 patients: 10 patients with keratoconus grafted randomly with either CM- or Optisol-stored cornea of the same donor, and 73 patients with various conditions grafted with CM-stored corneas.