Publications by authors named "Suleiman Al-Hammadi"

Primary immunodeficiencies are disorders of the immune system often caused by mutations of genes required for lymphocyte development. Phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 (PIK3R1) gene mutations are associated with SHORT syndrome, a rare multisystem disease. The name stands for Short stature, Hyperextensibility, Ocular depression, Rieger anomaly and Teething delay.

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Article Synopsis
  • The CDC and ACIP endorse COVID-19 vaccination for patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI), but there's limited knowledge on its safety and impact on infection severity in these patients.
  • A study involving a registry of 1,245 IEI patients across 24 countries was conducted to gather data on vaccination frequency, safety, and effectiveness, revealing that 64.7% were vaccinated, primarily with mRNA vaccines.
  • Results showed that vaccinated patients had significantly lower hospitalization and ICU admission rates when infected with COVID-19, indicating that vaccination is both safe and effective in reducing the severity of the disease in IEI patients.
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Background: Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a genetic disorder caused by defective oxidative burst within phagocytes, manifesting as recurrent, severe infections as well as hyperinflammation.

Objective: This is the first report from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to describe the demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiological, and genetic characteristics of patients with CGD.

Methods: This is a retrospective study that was conducted at Tawam Hospital in the UAE on patients with confirmed CGD between 2017 and 2022.

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Aims: To understand the characteristics of combined immunodeficiency disorders that affect cellular and humoral immunity (CID) in the Arabian Peninsula.

Methods: Retrospective study of 236 patients with CID from the region were enrolled from 2004 to 2022.

Results: 236 patients were included with a majority being profound CID.

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Background: There is an increased demand for hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) to treat various diseases including combined immunodeficiencies (CID), with limited worldwide availability. Variables affecting the decision regarding CID patients' prioritization for HSCT are not known. We aimed to determine general, clinical, and immunologic factors associated with the higher risk of early death (≤6 months after diagnosis) in untransplanted CID patients.

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The mechanism of anaphylactic shock (AS) remains incompletely understood. The potassium channel blocker 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), the inhibitors of cystathionine γ-lyase (ICSE), dl-propargylglycine (DPG) or β-cyanoalanine (BCA), and the nitric oxide (NO) synthase produce vasoconstriction and could be an alternative for the treatment of AS. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the ability of L-NAME, ICSE alone or in combination with 4-AP to restore blood pressure (BP) and improve survival in ovalbumin (OVA) rats AS.

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Monogenic immune dysregulation diseases (MIDD) are caused by defective immunotolerance. This study was designed to increase knowledge on the prevalence and spectrum of MIDDs, genetic patterns, and outcomes in Middle East and North Africa (MENA). MIDD patients from 11 MENA countries (Iran, Turkey, Kuwait, Oman, Algeria, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Tunisia, Jordan, Qatar, and Azerbaijan) were retrospectively evaluated.

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Aims: To present the details of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-vaccine associated complications (VACs) in combined immunodeficiencies (CID) patients.

Methods: Five centers participated in this retrospective study and completed a data form, which included general patients' information, clinical and laboratory data.

Results: Among 236 CID patients, 127 were BCG vaccinated.

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Article Synopsis
  • A study was conducted to analyze the clinical and genetic features of Middle Eastern patients with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), focusing on those of Arab and Asian descent.
  • Involving 45 MIS-C patients and 25 healthy controls, researchers used whole exome sequencing to identify genetic variants and correlate them to the symptoms and severity of the illness.
  • Findings revealed significant dysregulation of inflammatory markers in MIS-C patients, with common symptoms including mucocutaneous and gastrointestinal issues, cardiac complications, and rare genetic variants found in immune-related genes.
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Purpose: Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) are heterogeneous disorders of immunity with variable clinical presentation and outcome. This is the first comprehensive report from the United Arab Emirates aiming to describe the demographics, clinical characteristics, categories, treatment modalities and outcome of patients with IEI.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on patients who attended Tawam Hospital between 2016-2020.

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Background: This study aimed to develop an expert consensus regarding the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) in the Middle East.

Methods: A three-step modified Delphi method was utilized to develop the consensus. Fifteen specialized pediatricians participated in the development of this consensus.

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Article Synopsis
  • - A young male infant with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency was identified with a new genetic variant linked to interleukin 2 receptor and developed serious health issues after receiving the BCG vaccine.
  • - The case raises concerns about the early administration of live vaccines like BCG in infants with underlying immunodeficiencies and suggests that such variants might be related to a specific type of disease susceptibility.
  • - The infant exhibited symptoms resembling hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) without typical markers, prompting a call to reconsider HLH diagnostic criteria to include conditions causing a lack of systemic inflammation.
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Fermitin family homolog 3 (FERMT3), alternatively kindlin-3 (KIND3), is an integrin binding protein (of 667 residues) encoded by the gene. The molecule is essential for activating integrin αβ (the fibrinogen receptor) on platelets and for the integrin-mediated hematopoietic cell (including platelets, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and granulocytes) adhesion. Its defects are associated with impaired primary hemostasis, described as "Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (MIM#273800)-like bleeding problem.

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In the United Arab Emirates, BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) is administered to all newborns. We present here a young infant with an inborn error of immunity (IEI) who developed fatal adverse events to this live-attenuated vaccine. This male infant received BCG (Serum Institute of India Pvt.

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Objectives: Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are prevalent in tribal cultures due to frequent consanguineous marriages. Many of these disorders are autosomal recessive, resulting from founder mutations; hence they are amenable to prevention. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the pathogenicity of novel variants of IEI found among Emiratis.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study investigates the causes of childhood diarrhea in the UAE, particularly after rotavirus vaccination, by comparing infected (cases) and healthy (controls) children's stool samples for pathogens.
  • A total of 203 cases and 73 controls were tested, revealing higher rates of rotavirus, norovirus GII, and adenovirus in infected children, while no significant difference was found for tested bacteria.
  • The findings highlight the persistence of rotavirus as a leading cause of diarrhea in children, indicating the need for better control measures for this and other pathogens.
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Background: The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and rotavirus vaccines are live-attenuated preparations. In the United Arab Emirates, these products are universally administered to the young infants. This unguided practice does not account for the children with immunodeficiency, which frequently manifests after the administration of these vaccines.

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The polyphenolic content in date seeds, a promising functional ingredient for food, was characterised in three forms viz., date seed powder (DSP), date seed pita bread (DSB) and date seed extract (DSE). Bioaccessibility of the polyphenols from the samples was assessed by in-vitro digestion coupled with transport using Caco-2 cells.

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A cross-over study was conducted in 16 healthy adult volunteers to describe the urinary excretion of polyphenols from date seeds and investigate the antioxidant effect after consumption of different doses of date seeds powder (DSP), bread (DSB) and extract (DSE). After 12 h of fasting, one of the six treatments (0.25 g and 0.

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Anaphylactic shock (AS) is a life-threatening, multisystem disorder arising from sudden release of mast cell- and basophil-derived mediators into the circulation. In this study, we have used a Wistar rat model to investigate AS-associated histopathologic changes in various organs. Rats were sensitized with ovalbumin (1 mg s.

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Phosphorescence O analyzer was used to measure calvarial bone cellular respiration (cellular mitochondrial O consumption) in Taylor Outbred mice in the presence and absence of zoledronic acid. This potent bisphosphonate inhibits osteoclast-mediated calcium resorption, and its effects on bone respiration have not been previously investigated. The change of O concentration with time was measured in closed vials containing phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), 5 mM glucose and 5-25 mg calvarial bone fragments, and it was complex for t = 0-30 h.

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Background: The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) preparations are live-attenuated derivatives of Mycobacterium bovis. These products are used to vaccinate infants at birth, a practice that may result in a disseminated infection in those patients who have an unidentified immunodeficiency.

Case Presentation: Patients who were immunized at birth with BCG and who developed a disseminated infection are reported here to emphasize the importance of taking an extensive medical history before ‎giving the BCG vaccine.

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Objectives: Anaphylactic shock is associated with severe hypotension. Potassium channel blockers, such as 4-aminopyridine, induce vasoconstriction. The objective of this study was to test the ability of 4-aminopyridine to restore blood pressure and increase survival in anaphylactic shock.

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