Effects of nicorandil on QT prolongation and myocardial damage caused by citalopram in rats.

Citalopram is a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant; it exhibits the greatest cardiotoxic effect among SSRIs. Citalopram can cause drug-induced long QT syndrome (LQTS) and ventricular arrhythmias. We investigated the protective effect of nicorandil, a selective mitochondrial K (mito-K) channel opener, on LQTS and myocardial damage caused by citalopram in male rats.

Effect of the selective mitochondrial KATP channel opener nicorandil on the QT prolongation and myocardial damage induced by amitriptyline in rats.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of nicorandil, a selective mitochondrial KATP channel opener, on QT prolongation and myocardial damage induced by amitriptyline.

Methods: The dose of amitriptyline (intraperitoneal, i.p.

The outcomes of favipiravir exposure in pregnancy: a case series.

Purpose: As in vitro and in vivo studies reported antiviral efficacy against RNA viruses, favipiravir, a pyrazinecarboxamide derivative, has become one of the treatment options for COVID-19 in some countries including Turkey. Preclinical studies demonstrated the risk for teratogenicity and embryotoxicity. Hence, the drug is contraindicated during pregnancy.

Antivenom use in bite and sting cases presenting to a public hospital.

Background: To evaluate the distribution of bite and sting cases presenting to a district public hospital and the use of antivenom in scorpion sting and snake bite cases.

Methods: The demographic characteristics of patients with bites/stings reporting to a public hospital in 2014, the agent involved, the season of reporting, severity of clinical findings during presentation, and use of antivenom in scorpion sting and snake bite cases were evaluated retrospectively. χ2 test was used for statistical analysis.

A Comparison of the Effectiveness of Silibinin and Resveratrol in Preventing Alpha-Amanitin-Induced Hepatotoxicity.

Amanita phalloides species mushrooms containing alpha-amanitin (α-AMA) are responsible for the majority of fatal mushroom intoxications and can lead to severe poisonings resulting in hepatotoxicity and acute hepatic failure. Existing antidotes, such as silibinin, are not sufficiently effective in the prevention and/or resolution of α-AMA-induced hepatotoxicity. We investigated the effects of resveratrol on α-AMA-induced hepatotoxicity and compared with silibinin, a known antidote using in vivo and in vitro toxicity models.

Correlation between Amitriptyline-Induced Cardiotoxic Effects and Cardiac S100b Protein in Isolated Rat Hearts.

Background: Amitriptyline is an important cause of mortality due to its cardiovascular toxicity.

Aims: To investigate the changes in levels of cardiac S100b protein on amitriptyline-induced cardiotoxicity and also to examine the correlation between amitriptyline-induced cardiotoxic effects and cardiac S100b protein in an isolated rat heart model.

Study Design: Animal experimentation, isolated heart model.

Effects of 2-Hydroxypropyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin on Cardiovascular Signs of Amitriptyline Poisoning in a Rat Model.

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPBCD) as an antidotal treatment for the in vivo cardiovascular effects of amitriptyline poisoning. Experiments were carried out on 33 Wistar rats. To evaluate cardiovascular effects of HPBCD, rats were infused with dextrose or HPBCD.

The Effects of the Adenosine Receptor Antagonists on the Reverse of Cardiovascular Toxic Effects Induced by Citalopram In-Vivo Rat Model of Poisoning.

Background: Citalopram is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that requires routine cardiac monitoring to prevent a toxic dose. Prolongation of the QT interval has been observed in acute citalopram poisoning. Our previous experimental study showed that citalopram may be lead to QT prolongation by stimulating adenosine A1 receptors without affecting the release of adenosine.

A Case Report of Toxic Brain Syndrome Caused by Methyl Bromide.

Methyl bromide (CH3Br) is a halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon that may cause acute and chronic toxicities. We describe a case of a 44-year-old male patient who developed toxic brain syndrome (TBS) and central nervous system (CNS) toxicity after exposure to CH3Br by inhalation. Toxicity began with progressive nervousness, dysarthria and coordination disorder.

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Theophylline Exposures between 1993 and 2011.

Background: Acute and chronic exposure to theophylline can cause serious signs and symptoms of poisoning. Additionally, with a narrow therapeutic range, toxicity could be observed even with therapeutic doses of theophylline. Epidemiological data on theophylline exposures in our country are extremely limited.

The role of adenosine receptors and endogenous adenosine in citalopram-induced cardiovascular toxicity.

Aim: We investigated the role of adenosine in citalopram-induced cardiotoxicity.

Materials And Methods: Protocol 1: Rats were randomized into four groups. Sodium cromoglycate was administered to rats.

Inhibitory effect of adenosine on intimal hyperplasia and proliferation of smooth muscle cells in a carotid arterial anastomosis animal model.

Purpose: The effect of adenosine (9-β-0-ribifuranosyladenine) on the endothelial cell proliferation and neointimal hyperplasia is investigated in the rabbit carotid artery anastomosis model.

Methods: Twenty-eight New Zealand white rabbits were arranged in four groups of seven animals each. The right carotid arteries of each animal were transsected and re-anastomosed.

Adenosine-mediated cardiovascular toxicity in amitriptyline-poisoned rats.

We investigated the contribution of endogenous adenosine to amitriptyline-induced cardiovascular toxicity in rats. A control group of rats was pretreated with intraperitoneal (i.p.

Effects of terlipressin in a rat model of severe uncontrolled hemorrhage via liver injury.

Background: Animal experiments and clinical studies have shown that vasopressin infusion in cases of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock is a promising treatment. However, there are only a few studies regarding the application of terlipressin in hemorrhagic cases. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of terlipressin vs controlled fluid resuscitation on hemodynamic variables and abdominal bleeding in a rat model of uncontrolled hemorrhage via liver injury.

Is serum S100B protein a biomarker for amitriptyline-induced cardiovascular toxic effects?

The aim of this study was to assess the role of serum S100B protein as a biomarker for cardiovascular effects in an anesthetized rat model of amitriptyline toxicity. Adult male Wistar rats (n = 28) were randomized into four groups. While the control group received normal saline, the experimental groups received different doses of amitriptyline (0.

An alternative antidote therapy in amitriptyline-induced rat toxicity model: theophylline.

We planned this study in order to investigate the effects of theophylline on cardiovascular parameters in an anaesthetized rat model of amitriptyline toxicity. In the preliminary study, we tested theophylline as 1 mg/kg of bolus, followed by a 0.5-mg/kg infusion.

Cardiovascular medication exposures and poisonings in Izmir, Turkey: a 14-year experience.

Cardiovascular medications (CVMs) are frequently prescribed for cardiovascular diseases. The unconscious use of cardiovascular drugs may lead to severe clinical manifestations, even to death, especially when in overdose. The objective of this study is to clarify the profile of CVM exposures admitted to Department of Emergency Medicine in Dokuz Eylul University Hospital (EMDEU) between 1993 and 2006.

Effects of adenosine receptor antagonists on survival in amitriptyline-poisoned mice.

Objective: We investigated the effects of adenosine receptor antagonists on survival rates in a mouse model of amitriptyline poisoning.

Materials And Methods: In the preliminary study, amitriptyline was given at doses of 75, 100, and 125 mg/ kg to mice intraperitoneally (i.p.

Protective effect of an adenosine A1 receptor agonist against metamidophos-induced toxicity and brain oxidative stress.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of an adenosine A(1) selective agonist, phenylisopropyl adenosine (PIA), on metamidophos-induced cholinergic symptoms, mortality, diaphragm muscle necrosis, and brain oxidative stress. A LD(50) dose of metamidophos (20 mg/kg body weight, p.o.

Does adenosine A(1) receptor stimulation causes QRS prolongation by blocking beta adrenergic receptors in amitriptyline poisoning?

Aims: To investigate the role of beta receptor blockade via adenosine A(1) receptor stimulation on amitriptyline-induced QRS prolongation.

Methods: Isolated rat hearts were randomized into three groups (n=8 for each group). After pretreatment with 5% dextrose (control) or DPCPX (8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine), or propranolol + DPCPX, amitriptyline infusion was given to all groups.

Effects of adenosine receptor antagonists on amitriptyline-induced QRS prolongation in isolated rat hearts.

Objective: We investigated the effects of adenosine receptor antagonists on amitriptyline-induced cardiotoxicity in isolated rat hearts.

Methods: The amitriptyline concentrations that prolonged the QRS duration more than 150% (10(-4) M) and 50-75% (5.5 x 10(-5) M) were accepted as the control groups for two experimental protocols, respectively.

A retrospective evaluation of analgesic exposures from Izmir, Turkey.

The objective of this study is to analyze exposures concerning analgesics that were reported to Dokuz Eylul University Drug and Poison Information Center (DPIC) and admitted to the Department of Emergency Medicine in Dokuz Eylul University Hospital (EMDEU) between 1993 and 2004. Demographics of the patients, characteristics of analgesic exposures, performed treatment attempts and outcome of the poisoned patients were recorded on standard data forms and were then entered into a computerized database program. Statistical analysis was performed by using the chi-square test.

Effect of subacute methyl parathion administration on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nifedipine in rats.

Families living in agricultural areas may submitted to repeated exposure of methyl parathion (MP) that has been widely used as an agricultural insecticide. MP inhibits cytochrome P450 enzymes and has the potential to alter pharmacokinetic profiles of therapeutic agents that are metabolized in the liver. The aim of the present study is to investigate the possibility that the increased pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of nifedipine is due to the inhibition of the metabolism after repeated administration of low doses of MP in rats.

Effects of adenosine receptor antagonists on amitriptyline-induced vasodilation in rat isolated aorta.

Background: Although we have previously demonstrated the beneficial effects of adenosine receptor antagonists in preventing cardiovascular toxicity of amitriptyline in rats, it is not clear whether adenosine receptors in heart or in vasculature are dominant. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of adenosine A(2a) receptors on amitriptyline-induced vasodilation in rat isolated aorta.

Methods: After determining EC(80) of noradrenalin (NA) (the concentration of noradrenalin that produces 80% of maximal contractile response) as 10(-5)M, the IC(50) value of amitriptyline was measured in rat isolated aorta (the drug concentration causing a half- maximal inhibition of contractile responses to NA); IC(50) of amitriptyline was then compared in the presence of the DPCPX (a selective adenosine A(1) antagonist), CSC (a selective A(2a) antagonist) or DMSO (a solvent for adenosine antagonists).

The role of adenosine triphosphate-regulated potassium channels in propofol-induced beneficial effect on contractile function of hypercholesterolemic isolated rabbit hearts.

Objective: To investigate the role of adenosine triphosphate-regulated potassium (KATP) channels in the propofol-induced changes in the contractile function of hypercholesterolemic rabbit hearts.

Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey during the period January to December 2003. Twenty-two isolated rabbit hearts were grouped into 4.