Utility of cystatin C and serum creatinine-based glomerular filtration rate equations in predicting vancomycin clearance: A population pharmacokinetics analysis in elderly Chinese patients.

Renal function is an important factor affecting the pharmacokinetics of vancomycin. The renal function in elderly patients gradually decreases with age. An accurate estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is essential in drug dosing.

Determination of valproic acid and its six metabolites in human serum using LC-MS/MS and application to interaction with carbapenems in epileptic patients.

Valproic acid (VPA) is a classic medication for several types of epilepsy and mood disorders, and some of its effectiveness and toxicity is associated with metabolites. Although many reports have reported the drug-drug interactions of VPA, no study has focused on the influence of carbapenems (CBPMs) on VPA's active metabolites. An LC-MS/MS method for determining VPA and its six metabolites (3-hydroxy valproic acid, 4-hydroxy valproic acid, 2-propyl-2-pentenoic acid, 2-propyl-4-pentenoic acid, 3-keto valproic acid, and 2-propylglutaric acid) in human serum was established and applied to evaluate the drug-drug interaction with CBPMs in epileptic patients.

Population pharmacokinetics of ciclosporin in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: C-reactive protein as a novel covariate for clearance.

What Is Known And Objectives: Ciclosporin (CsA), a potent immunosuppressive agent used to prevent graft-versus-host disease in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) recipients, is characterized by large inter-individual variability and a narrow therapeutic range. The aim of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic model for CsA in Chinese allo-HSCT recipients and to identify covariates influencing CsA pharmacokinetics.

Methods: A total of 758 retrospective drug monitoring data points were collected after intravenous infusion or oral administration of CsA from 59 patients.

P-glycoprotein associated with diabetes mellitus and survival of patients with pancreatic cancer: 8-year follow-up.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has a high prevalence in patients with pancreatic cancer (PaC), but the prognostic value of DM in PaC remains controversial. Alterations of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) contribute to multidrug resistance and intestinal metabolism in a variety of cancer types, which may be implicated in DM development. This study aimed to explore the potential prognostic value of P-gp and CYP3A4 in PaC patients in the context of DM through long-term follow-up.

Effects of CYP3A5, ABCB1 and POR*28 polymorphisms on pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in the early period after renal transplantation.

1. We aimed to establish a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model of tacrolimus and identify clinical covariates, especially the genetic polymorphisms of , and * that affected the PK to prevent fluctuation in the trough concentration of tacrolimus during the early period after renal transplantation. 2.

Pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in rats with dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis.

Omeprazole is a commonly used drug in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole in rats with UC induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered omeprazole (20 mg/kg) was investigated in normal and UC rats using LC-MS/MS.

Cisplatin-based chronotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients: a randomized controlled study and its pharmacokinetics analysis.

Purpose: We intended to evaluate the superiority of cisplatin-based chronotherapy in the treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and investigate the relationship between the circadian rhythm and the variability of pharmacokinetics for cisplatin.

Methods: Forty-one patients with advanced NSCLC were divided into two groups with minimization randomization, including routine group (24 cases) and chronotherapy group (17 cases). The clinical effect and toxicity between the two groups were investigated.

Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Patients with Nosocomial Infections.

Objective: The study was to establish a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model of piperacillin (PIP) and tazobactam (TAZ) that explain pharmacokinetic variability and to propose optimized dosage regimens in patients with nosocomial infections.

Methods: In total, 310 PIP and 280 TAZ concentration-time points were collected at steady state over multiple dosing intervals from 50 patients who received PIP/TAZ infused within 30 min or over 3 h. Drug analysis was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Circadian variability of pharmacokinetics of cisplatin in patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma: analysis with the NONMEM program.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the nonlinear pharmacokinetics of total and unbound plasma cisplatin under different administered time in patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma.

Methods: Patients receiving chemotherapy with cisplatin were included in this analysis. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the administrated time of cisplatin: 6:00 (Group A) and 18:00 (Group B).

Desensitization of allergy to human insulin and its analogs by administering insulin aspart and insulin glargine.

Insulin allergy is a rare clinical situation. We report a 51-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes who required multiple daily insulin injections. The patient developed allergy to human regular insulin and insulin analogs (insulin aspart and insulin glargine), which was resolved by subcutaneous insulin desensitization.

Population pharmacokinetics of digoxin in elderly patients.

This study was aimed at determining the population pharmacokinetics of digoxin and identifying factors that explain pharmacokinetic variability in elderly patients. The data of 142 elderly patients and 448 samples were collected after repetitive oral digoxin. Blood samples were drawn at various times after administration.

Different effects of dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists on CYP3A4 enzyme of human liver microsomes.

The present study investigated inhibitory effects of 1,4-dihydropyridines (1,4-DHPs) calcium channel antagonists (1,4-DHP-CCAs) on cytochromeP450 3A4 (CYP3A4) of human liver microsomes and further explored importance of 1,4-DHPs molecular structural descriptors. Partial Least Squares method was applied to probe the quantitative relationships between the 1,4-DHPs molecular structural descriptors and its inhibitory actions, which demonstrated that different 1,4-DHP-CCAs could inhibit CYP3A4 enzyme's activity differently. The K (i) values of nicardipine, lercandipine, cilnidipine, nitrendipine, lacidipine, nifedipine, felodipine were 10.