The Long-term influences of Age-At-Injury on Neuroinflammation and neuronal Apoptosis following Traumatic Brain Injury in Pediatric and Adulthood Mice.

Objective: The study aims to investigate the long-term impacts of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis in pediatric and adult mice, specifically focusing on how age-at-injury influences these processes.

Methods: Controlled cortical impact (CCI) was used to induce TBI in pediatric (21-25 days old) and adult (8-12 weeks old) C57Bl/6 male mice. Neuroinflammation was evaluated through immunoreactivity for Iba-1 and GFAP, while apoptosis was assessed using markers such as Bax, Bcl- 2, and pro-caspase-3.

Accessing Alkoxy Radicals via Frustrated Radical Pairs: Diverse Oxidative Functionalizations of Tertiary Alcohols.

Alkoxy radicals are versatile reactive intermediates in organic synthesis. Here, we leverage the principle of frustrated radical pair to provide convenient access to these highly reactive species directly from tertiary alcohols via oxoammonium-mediated oxidation of the corresponding alkoxides. This approach enabled various synthetically useful transformations including β-scission, radical cyclization, and remote C-H functionalization, giving rise to versatile alkoxyamines that can be further elaborated to various functionalities.

Age-specific characteristics of road traffic injuries among children and adolescents in South Korea.

Objective: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are the leading cause of mortality among children and adolescents. This study aimed to identify and compare the age-specific epidemiology, clinical characteristics and factors related to severe RTIs among children and adolescents who had RTIs.

Methods: This multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted using data collected between January 2011 and December 2018 in the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance registry in South Korea.

Chronic juvenile stress exacerbates neurobehavioral dysfunction and neuroinflammation following traumatic brain injury in adult mice.

Objective: Chronic stress in adolescence may affect brain maturation and predispose individuals to psychiatric disorders in adulthood. However, whether chronic juvenile stress influences vulnerability to nonpsychiatric brain injuries, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), remains unclear. Therefore, we hypothesized that juvenile stress-related neuronal circuit disturbances could aggravate brain damage following TBI in adulthood.

Secondary hypoxic ischemia alters neurobehavioral outcomes, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress in mice exposed to controlled cortical impact.

Objective: Hypoxic ischemia (HI) is a secondary insult that can cause fatal neurologic outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI), ranging from mild cognitive deficits to persistent vegetative states. We here aimed to unravel the underlying pathological mechanisms of HI injury in a TBI mouse model.

Methods: Neurobehavior, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress were assessed in a mouse model of controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury followed by HI.

Comparison of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy and conventional reserve-bag oxygen therapy in carbon monoxide intoxication: A pilot study.

Background: High-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC) creates a positive pressure effect through high-flow rates compared to conventional oxygen therapy. The purpose of this human pilot study is to compare the effects of HFNC and conventional oxygen therapy on the rate of carbon monoxide (CO) clearance from the blood in patients with mild to moderate CO poisoning.

Methods: CO-poisoned Patients randomly received 100% oxygen from a rebreathing reserve mask (NBO, flow of 15 L/min) or HFNC (flow of 60 L/min).

Comparison of epidemiology and injury profile between vulnerable road users and motor vehicle occupants in road traffic fatalities.

Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a major global health issue causing a global burden of mortality and morbidity. Half of all fatalities on the world's roads are vulnerable road users (VRUs). The targeted intervention strategies based on fatality analysis focusing on VRUs can effectively contribute to reducing RTIs.

Exploratory, cognitive, and depressive-like behaviors in adult and pediatric mice exposed to controlled cortical impact.

Objective: Sequelae of behavioral impairments associated with human traumatic brain injury (TBI) include neurobehavioral problems. We compared exploratory, cognitive, and depressive-like behaviors in pediatric and adult male mice exposed to controlled cortical impact (CCI).

Methods: Pediatric (21 to 25 days old) and adult (8 to 12 weeks old) male C57Bl/6 mice underwent CCI at a 2-mm depth of deflection.

A study of the effects of synthesis conditions on LiFeO/carbon nanotube composites.

LiFeO/carbon nanotube (LFO/CNT) composites composed of sub-micron sized LFO and a nanocarbon with high electrical conductivity were successfully synthesized for the use as lithium ion predoping source in lithium ion cells. The phase of LFO in the composite was found to be very sensitive to the synthesis conditions, such as the heat treatment temperature, type of lithium salt, and physical state of the precursors (powder or pellet), due to the carbothermic reduction of FeO by CNTs during high temperature solid state reaction. Under optimized synthesis conditions, LFO/CNT composites could be synthesized without the formation of impurities.

Synthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified LiMn0.75Fe0.25PO4 Microspheres by Salt-Assisted Spray Drying for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Microsized, spherical, three-dimensional (3D) graphene-based composites as electrode materials exhibit improved tap density and electrochemical properties. In this study, we report 3D LiMn0.75Fe0.

Erythema multiforme major due to occupational exposure to the herbicides alachlor and butachlor.

Alachlor and butachlor are commonly used chloroacetanilide herbicides. They are cytotoxic, but there have been rare reported cases of alachlor or butachlor induced erythema multiforme major. We report the case of a 38-year-old farmer with erythema multiforme major due to the occupational exposure to alachlor/butachlor.