Carbohydrate Specificity and Isotypes of Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies to Conjugated Tetrasaccharide, a Synthetic Analogue of Repeating Unit of Capsular Polysaccharide of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Serotype 14.

We studied carbohydrate specificity and isotypes of antibodies to BSA-conjugated tetrasaccharide, a repeating unit of the capsular polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 14, in mouse polyclonal sera and hybridoma-synthesized products. Natural IgM antibodies to the tetrasaccharide containing epitopes similar to surface carbohydrate structures of mammalian and human cells in low titers were determined in native mouse serum by ELISA using biotinylated tetrasaccharide and synthetic capsular polysaccharide as the solid-phase antigens. Polyclonal sera to the conjugated tetrasaccharide contained IgM and all subclasses of IgG antibodies, which were detected in a higher titer when the biotinylated tetrasaccharide was used as a solid phase antigen compared to synthetic capsular polysaccharide.

[Principles of constructing a pathologicoanatomic diagnosis in pediatric pathology].

Features of pathoanatomic diagnosis in pediatric practice associated with peculiarities of pediatric pathology are described. Pre- and perinatal pathology is etiologically and pathogenetically connected with maternal (placental) pathology which must be taken into consideration in making the diagnosis. Possible variants of pathoanatomical diagnosis in most frequent pathological conditions of this age: congenital malformations, infectious fetopathies, as well as neonate (fetal) death due to asphyxia, are considered in view of existing contraversies.

[Problems of histogenesis and classification of nephroblastoma (Wilms' tumor) in children].

Nephroblastoma, a tumour of the kidney, is most often observed in children; it always includes the nephrogenous tissue in any variant of its differentiation. Histogenesis of this neoplasm is multiform and complex. Its development from very immature pluripotential (polypotent) cells (possibly, at the level of blastodermic vesicle) is not ruled out.