[Behavioral and neuroreceptor effects of the racetam derivative GIZh-290 in mouse experimental attention deficit model].

Behavioral and neurochemical effects of the new racetam derivative GIZh-290 were studied in a mouse attention deficit model (the ED-Low animals subpopulation selected during preliminary behavioral typing in the "closed enriched cross maze" test). Subchronic administration of GIZh-290 (1 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, for 6 days), increased the initially low level of attention in ED-Low animals; the highest selectivity was observed at a dose of 3 mg/kg. Radioligand analysis showed that at this dose, the drug changed density (Bmax) of D2 and GABAB receptors as markers in the pre-frontal cortex of the ED-Low subpopulation to Bmax values observed in the ED-High subpopulation.

Comparative Analysis of the Pharmacological Activity of Bis(3,5-di-Tert-Butyl-4-Hydroxyphenylthiolate)Dimethylol in Different Modes of Administration on a Mouse Model of Melanoma B16 Tumor Growth.

We performed a comparative analysis of the pharmacological activity of the hybrid organotin compound bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylthiolate)dimethylol (Me-3) administered in different modes to mice with transplanted melanoma B16 to identify the most effective dosage regimen. Three modes of administration were used: preventive (before transplantation of tumor cells), classical according to Z. P.

Effect of Hybrid Organotin Compound on Activity of LPO and Antioxidant Protection of the Liver Tissues in Animals with Melanoma B16.

The central element of the "metastatic organotropism" is a shift of the pro/antioxidant balance in cells and activation of oxidative stress and protective antioxidant systems. We studied the effects of bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylthiolate)dimethylol (Me-3) in the maximum effective and toxic total doses on the level of markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant protection in the liver of mice with melanoma B16 before the appearance of macroscopic metastases. In 48 h after tumor inoculation, Me-3 was administered intraperitoneally once a day for 5 days in total doses of 375 and 500 mg/kg according to the classical method.

[Influence of pantogam and atomoxetine on attention stability and distribution of dopamine D2 and GABAB receptors in the attention deficit mouse model].

The closed enriched cross maze test was employed as a new experimental model of the attention deficit disorder (ADD) for evaluation of the behavioral and neurochemical effects of the nootropic drug pantogam (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and atomoxetine hydrochloride (3 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) administered subchronically to CD-1 outbred mice. Two subpopulations of rodents differed spontaneously in attention to enriched compartments (ED-Low and ED-High), were estimated on the basis of time spent by the mice in the empty or enriched compartments. The ED-Low and ED-High mice insignificantly differed in parameters associated with anxiety, exploratory efficacy and motor activity.

[The epidemic process of diphtheria infection in the RSFSR during the introduction of epidemiological surveillance].

In this work the characterization of the epidemic process of diphtheria infection on the territory of the RSFSR under the conditions of epidemiological surveillance (1983-1986) is presented. In comparison with the period of 1979-1982, an increase in morbidity rate occurred, which accounts for more complete detection of patients with mild forms of diphtheria, including persons found to be carriers of toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Beginning from 1983, the leveling out of seasonal morbidity rises is observed.

[Specific prevention of diphtheria in adults in foci of this infection].

The studies demonstrated the immunological and epidemiological effectiveness of a single injection of adsorbed diphtheria-tetanus toxoid with reduced antigen content for adults: intense antidiphtheria immunity in 92.3% of the vaccinees 1-3 months and in 94.5% of the vaccinees 1 year after the injection.

[Immunological effectiveness of secondary revaccination against tetanus performed at prolonged intervals].

After primary immunization with adsorbed DPT vaccine antitetanus immunity was retained for 9-10 years in 90.6-98.4% of children covered by this study.

[Immunological effectiveness of a 2d revaccination against diphtheria performed at intervals extended up to 7-10 years].

The present article deals with the data on the duration of antidiphtheria immunity, induced by the primary cycle of immunization with adsorbed DPT vaccine, with the aim of considering the problems of optimizing the immunization schedule for children. The prolongation of the interval before the second booster immunization to 7-10 years produces no negative influence on the effectiveness of immunization. Besides, the study has shown that after the main complex of immunizations with adsorbed DPT vaccine protective immunity to diphtheria is retained in 90.

[Immunity to diphtheria and tetanus in some of the administrative territories of the RSFSR].

The article deals with the state of immunity to diphtheria and tetanus among the adult population in some administrative regions of the RSFSR. Of the children and adults covered by the survey, 91.3-96.

[Results of conducting an epidemiological survey of diphtheria in 21 territories of the RSFSR].

As the result of epidemiological survey of diphtherial infection, carried out in conformity with the unified methodological recommendations in 21 regions of the RSFSR during 1980-1981, the expediency of such experiment was established. Immunity to diphtheria in children aged up to 14 years was high: children with negative Schick tests constituted 96.9-99.

[Epidemiology of diphtheria in the RSFSR during mass immunization over many years].

The work defines the characteristic epidemiological features of diphtheria in the RSFSR at the present moment when a high level of antitoxic immunity is generally determined in children. With the diphtheria morbidity level having, on the whole, a sporadic character in the RSFSR, the intensification of the epidemic process has been found to occur in some regions. Changes in the ratio of morbidity rates among the urban and rural population are observed, the morbidity rate among the latter have the tendency towards increase.

[Circulation of the causative agent of diphtheria in immune collectives].

Prolonged observations on the spread of toxigenic C. diphtheriae carriership, made during a school year in 12 groups of immune children (3809 children), showed that the penetration of diphtherial infection could give rise to the outbreak of bacterial carriership, its level being as high as 20.9-35.

[Data from different Moscow polyclinics on the utilization of vaccination against diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, and measles in children of first 3 years of life].

The coverage of children by immunization against diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus during the first 3 years of life as indicated in forms No. 112 and No. 63 in 4 districts of Moscow was studied on the basis of the analysis of 1688 children's development histories.

[Further improvements in schedules for immunizing children against diphtheria and tetanus].

The study of the rational schedule of revaccinations made at different ages for the prevention of diphtheria and tetanus was carried out on 800 children belonging to the age groups of 6-9 years and 11-14 years. The content of diphtheria antitoxin was determined by Jensen's method, and the content of tetanus antitoxin in the passive hemagglutination test. In the first age group immunity to the above-mentioned infections was determined after the primary immunization, and in the second age group after the first revaccination made at an age indicated in the schedule.

[Patterns of antimicrobial immunity in carriers of toxigenic diphtheria bacteria].

It was shown in the passive hemagglutination test (PHAT) with a type-specific somatic antigen on 147 carriers of toxigenic diphtheria bacilli that the PHAT titres of 1/80 and over were determined in 64% of bacteria. In the process of carrier state of toxigenic bacteria antimicrobial antibodies were detected in 79% of the children; after the release from the carrier state, the percentage was from 57 to 26, depending on the time lapse after it. Among the carriers of nontoxigenic diphtheria bacilli the PHAT titre of 1/80 and over was established in up to 20% of children, and only in those which were in the focus of toxigenic bacilli carriers.