Simplified Techniques for Killing the Carcinogenic, Opisthorchis Viverrini Metacercariae in Cyprinid Fish.

Consumption of fluke-free fish is the most important factor in controlling Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) infection in endemic areas such as northeast Thailand and thereby reducing the risk of cholangiocarcinoma. Cooking fish is the best way to avoid infection; however, the cultural practice of eating raw or fermented fish is difficult to change. We investigated the food preparation process, using freezing, heating and fermentation to kill OV metacercariae in fish.

Application of Pineapple Juice in the Fish Digestion Process for Carcinogenic Liver Fluke Metacercaria Collection.

Pepsin is common digestive enzyme used for fish digestion in the laboratory to collect trematode metacercariae. In a field study, to survey the infected fish is needed a huge yield of pepsin and it is very expensive. Therefore, our purpose of this study was to investigate the candidate enzyme from pineapple juice which has a digestive enzyme called bromelain, a mixture of proteolytic enzymes, to digest fish in order to harvest metacercariae.

In Vitro and In Vivo Inhibitory Effects of α-Mangostin on Cholangiocarcinoma Cells and Allografts.

We investigated the anti-cholangiocarcinoma effect of α-mangostin from Garcinia mangostana pericarp extract (GM) in a human cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell line and a hamster CCA allograft model. In vitro, human CCA cells were treated with GM at various concentrations and for different time periods; then cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis were evaluated using flow cytometry, and metastatic potential with wound healing assays. In vivo, hamster allografts were treated with GM, gemcitabine (positive control) and a placebo (negative control) for 1 month; tumor weight and volume were then determined.

Carcinogenic Liver Fluke and Others Contaminated in Pickled Fish of Northeastern Thailand.

Twenty provinces in northeastern Thailand were investigated for fluke metacercariae contamination in pickled fish, or pla-som, during January –June 2016. A total of 129 pickled fish shops were randomly chosen. Samples were digested with acid-pepsin and those found to be infected with metacercariae were fed to hamsters to test for metacercariae infectivity.