Emotion recognition for human-computer interaction using high-level descriptors.

Recent research has focused extensively on employing Deep Learning (DL) techniques, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), for Speech Emotion Recognition (SER). This study addresses the burgeoning interest in leveraging DL for SER, specifically focusing on Punjabi language speakers. The paper presents a novel approach to constructing and preprocessing a labeled speech corpus using diverse social media sources.

An indigenously developed tele-ICU model to treat severe cases of envenomation in remote regions in India.

In cases of severe envenomation due to snakebites, patients require antivenom, intensive care management, including respiratory support, haemodynamic monitoring and renal replacement therapy. Early recognition and treatment of complications such as acute kidney injury, rhabdomyolysis and coagulopathy are important to improve outcomes.Tele-ICU models can play a critical role in providing access to critical care expertise and nuanced support to remote healthcare facilities that may not have the necessary resources or expertise to manage complex cases of envenomation.

Acute bilateral central serous chorioretinopathy in a young male after the first dose of Oxford/AstraZeneca AZD1222 (Covishield) vaccine.

We case of acute bilateral central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) after receiving the first dose of Covishield vaccine in a young, otherwise healthy male with no associated risk factors.

Natural language processing: state of the art, current trends and challenges.

Natural language processing (NLP) has recently gained much attention for representing and analyzing human language computationally. It has spread its applications in various fields such as machine translation, email spam detection, information extraction, summarization, medical, and question answering etc. In this paper, we first distinguish four phases by discussing different levels of NLP and components of atural anguage eneration followed by presenting the history and evolution of NLP.

A Review on the Neuroprotective Effect of Berberine against Chemotherapy- induced Cognitive Impairment.

Chemobrain is one of the major side effects of chemotherapy; despite increased research, the mechanisms underlying chemotherapy-induced cognitive changes remain unknown. Several possibly important candidate mechanisms have been identified and will be studied further in the future. Chemobrain is characterized by memory loss, cognitive impairment, difficulty in language, concentration, acceleration, and learning.

Quercetin ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in adult zebrafish.

Background: Quercetin is a natural flavonoid that is known to have numerous pharmacological activities such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects against various neurological disorders. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a potent endotoxin, reported causing several neurological disorders.

Aim: The present study was designed to investigate the possibility that quercetin ameliorates LPS induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in adult zebrafish.

Lipopolysaccharide induced altered signaling pathways in various neurological disorders.

Neuroinflammation is defined as an inflammatory response within the brain or spinal cord, whereas the brain's innate immune system is triggered by various inflammatory challenges such as injury, infection, exposure to toxin (LPS) and ageing, which result in cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a main structural component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, widely used systematically to stimulate the immune system and to generate profound physiological and behavioural changes. It consists of three parts: lipid A, a core oligosaccharide and an O side chain.

A 30-year-old male with COVID-19 presenting with seizures and leukoencephalopathy.

First reported in Wuhan, China, Novel Coronavirus Disease-19 rapidly spread causing an outbreak of viral pneumonia and became a pandemic in early 2020. It was later discovered to be caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, a novel coronavirus. Although the vast majority of cases have primarily involved the respiratory system, some serious cases have started to emerge with central and peripheral nervous system complications.

Physical activity levels among the adults of Majha region of Punjab, India: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To construct a physical activity profile of the adult population of the Majha region of the Indian Punjab.

Methods: The study included a total of 1130 adult participants aged 18 to 64 years comprising both genders, from rural, urban, and different sociodemographic backgrounds from the four districts of the Majha region of Punjab. The WHO's STEPwise approach to Surveillance instrument for noncommunicable diseases was used to collect data for the selected variables such as physical activity levels, demographic characteristics, behavioral parameters (daily screen time, fruit intake/week, and vegetable intake/week), physical characteristics and self-reported history of cardiovascular diseases, raised blood pressure, diabetes, and raised cholesterol.

It's complicated: A case report on a COVID-19-positive HIV patient presenting with rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury.

The SARS-Cov-2/COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 has had a devastating impact on health systems around the world. While viral pneumonia remains the most common complication, reports are surfacing of cases with neurological, cardiac, and renal involvement. Even less is known about the implications in special high-risk populations.

What are we missing? Three cases of severe COVID-19 pneumonia with negative testing.

The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically affected health care systems globally. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction is currently the preferred method of detecting COVID-19; however, sensitivity of this test remains questionable. Incidental transmission and potential harm to infected individuals are some consequences of the failure to identify high-risk patients.

COVID-19-Induced Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in an Obese 24-Year-Old Type I Diabetic.

BACKGROUND In early 2020, severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus 2 caused an outbreak of a viral pneumonia that rapidly progressed to a global pandemic. Most cases presented with mild respiratory symptoms and required only supportive care with instructions to self-quarantine at home. Others had more severe symptoms that became complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and required hospitalization.

Prevalence of Vertebral Fractures in CTPA's in Adults Aged 75 and Older and Their Association with Subsequent Fractures and Mortality.

Identifying vertebral fractures is prudent in the management of osteoporosis and the current literature suggests that less than one-third of incidental vertebral fractures are reported. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of reported and unreported vertebral fractures in computerized tomography pulmonary angiograms (CTPA) and their relevance to clinical outcomes. All acutely unwell patients aged 75 or older who underwent CTPAs were reviewed retrospectively.

More than Just Pneumonia: Acute Pulmonary Embolism in Two Middle-Aged Patients with COVID-19.

Background: Although severe pneumonia and respiratory compromise have remained the predominant complications of coronavirus disease 19, we are now learning this virus is much more varied in its presentation. In particular, there are increasingly reported cases of thromboembolic events occurring in infected patients. .

COVID-19: The Case of Three Patients with the Same Diagnosis but Different Clinical and Laboratory Features.

SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus that causes COVID-19, which has been responsible for the pandemic that was declared in early 2020. Its pathological effect is majorly in the respiratory tract, but its full pathogenicity remains a mystery. Symptoms associated with COVID-19 include fever, cough, and shortness of breath.

The protective effect of the TSPO ligands 2,4-Di-Cl-MGV-1, CB86, and CB204 against LPS-induced M1 pro-inflammatory activation of microglia.

We have shown previously, that the 18 ​kDa translocator protein (TSPO) synthetic ligands quinazoline derivatives (2-Cl-MGV-1 and MGV-1) can inhibit activation of in BV-2 microglial cells. In the present study we assessed the impact of novel TSPO ligands on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglial activation as expressed by release of pro-inflammatory molecules, including cytokines [interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, interferon- γ (IFN-γ)] nitric oxide (NO), CD8, and cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2). The TSPO ligands 2,4-Di-Cl-MGV-1, CB86, and CB204 counteracted with the LPS-induced microglial activation.

Statistical inference based on generalized Lindley record values.

This paper addresses the problems of frequentist and Bayesian estimation for the unknown parameters of generalized Lindley distribution based on lower record values. We first derive the exact explicit expressions for the single and product moments of lower record values, and then use these results to compute the means, variances and covariance between two lower record values. We next obtain the maximum likelihood estimators and associated asymptotic confidence intervals.

Pd-Catalyzed Selective Remote Ring Opening of Polysubstituted Cyclopropanols.

The distant functionalization of ω-ene cyclopropanols is induced by a Pd-catalyzed Heck reaction triggering a "metal-walk" and selective ring-opening of the three-membered ring. This approach provides a new class of acyclic aldehydes possessing concomitantly a stereodefined double bond and a quaternary carbon stereocenter α to the carbonyl group.

Zirconocene-Mediated Selective C-C Bond Cleavage of Strained Carbocycles: Scope and Mechanism.

Several approaches using organozirconocene species for the remote cleavage of strained three-membered ring carbocycles are described. ω-Ene polysubstituted cyclopropanes, alkylidenecyclopropanes, ω-ene spiro[2.2]pentanes, and ω-ene cyclopropyl methyl ethers were successfully transformed into stereodefined organometallic intermediates, allowing an easy access to highly stereoenriched acyclic scaffolds in good yields and, in most cases, excellent selectivities.

2-Cl-MGV-1 Ameliorates Apoptosis in the Thalamus and Hippocampus and Cognitive Deficits After Cortical Infarct in Rats.

Background And Purpose: Focal cortical infarction causes neuronal apoptosis in the ipsilateral nonischemic thalamus and hippocampus, which is potentially associated with poststroke cognitive deficits. TSPO (translocator protein) is critical in regulating mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. We examined the effects of the novel TSPO ligand 2-(2-chlorophenyl) quinazolin-4-yl dimethylcarbamate (2-Cl-MGV-1) on poststroke cognitive deficits, neuronal mitochondrial apoptosis, and secondary damage in the ipsilateral thalamus and hippocampus after cortical infarction.

Ruthenium-catalysed one-pot regio- and diastereoselective synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles via cascade C-H functionalization/annulation.

A cascade approach has been developed towards dual C-C bond formation via consecutive C-H functionalization/cyclization giving access to pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles in a highly regio- and diastereoselective manner using catalytic [Ru(p-cymene)Cl]. The methodology was further expanded to attain pentacyclic structures involving manifold C-C bond creation.

Classical and Novel TSPO Ligands for the Mitochondrial TSPO Can Modulate Nuclear Gene Expression: Implications for Mitochondrial Retrograde Signaling.

It is known that knockdown of the mitochondrial 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) as well as TSPO ligands modulate various functions, including functions related to cancer. To study the ability of TSPO to regulate gene expression regarding such functions, we applied microarray analysis of gene expression to U118MG glioblastoma cells. Within 15 min, the classical TSPO ligand PK 11195 induced changes in expression of immediate early genes and transcription factors.

A unique Pd-catalysed Heck arylation as a remote trigger for cyclopropane selective ring-opening.

Combining functionalization at a distant position from a reactive site with the creation of several consecutive stereogenic centres, including the formation of a quaternary carbon stereocentre, in acyclic system represents a pinnacle in organic synthesis. Here we report the regioselective Heck arylation of terminal olefins as a distant trigger for the ring-opening of cyclopropanes. This Pd-catalysed unfolding of the strained cycle, driving force of the chain-walking process, remarkably proved its efficiency and versatility, as the reaction proceeded regardless of the molecular distance between the initiation (double bond) and termination (alcohol) sites.