Deactivation of Ni-Al-Based Catalysts for Autothermal Reforming of Diesel Surrogate Fuel in the Presence of an Aromatic Hydrocarbon.

Diesel fuel can produce higher concentrations of H₂ and CO gases than other types of hydrocarbon fuels via a reforming reaction for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). However, in addition to sulfur compounds and aromatic hydrocarbons in diesel fuel are a major cause of catalyst deactivation. To elucidate the phenomenon of catalyst deactivation in the presence of an aromatic hydrocarbon, dodecane (CH) and hexadecane (CH) were blended with an aromatic hydrocarbon such as 1-methylnaphthalene (CH) to obtain a diesel surrogate fuel.

Improvement of H2S sensing properties of SnO2-based thick film gas sensors promoted with MoO3 and NiO.

The effects of the SnO2 pore size and metal oxide promoters on the sensing properties of SnO2-based thick film gas sensors were investigated to improve the detection of very low H2S concentrations (<1 ppm). SnO2 sensors and SnO2-based thick-film gas sensors promoted with NiO, ZnO, MoO3, CuO or Fe2O3 were prepared, and their sensing properties were examined in a flow system. The SnO2 materials were prepared by calcining SnO2 at 600, 800, 1,000 and 1,200 °C to give materials identified as SnO2(600), SnO2(800), SnO2(1000), and SnO2(1200), respectively.

Effects of textural properties on the response of a SnO2-based gas sensor for the detection of chemical warfare agents.

The sensing behavior of SnO(2)-based thick film gas sensors in a flow system in the presence of a very low concentration (ppb level) of chemical agent simulants such as acetonitrile, dipropylene glycol methyl ether (DPGME), dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), and dichloromethane (DCM) was investigated. Commercial SnO(2) [SnO(2)(C)] and nano-SnO(2) prepared by the precipitation method [SnO(2)(P)] were used to prepare the SnO(2) sensor in this study. In the case of DCM and acetonitrile, the SnO(2)(P) sensor showed higher sensor response as compared with the SnO(2)(C) sensors.

Improvement of the desulfurization and regeneration properties through the control of pore structures of the Zn-Ti-based H2S removal sorbents.

To improve the sulfur removing capacity of the conventional Zn-Ti-based H2S removal sorbents, a new Zn-Ti based sorbent (ZT-cp) was prepared by the coprecipitation method and tested in a packed bed reactor at middle temperature conditions (H2S absorption at 480 degrees C, regeneration at 580 degrees C). The new Zn-Ti-based sorbent showed excellent sulfur removing capacity without deactivation, even after 10 cycles of absorption and regeneration. The conventional Zn-Ti-based sorbents (ZT-700, ZT-1000), however, that were prepared by physical mixing, were continuously deactivated.