Radiation Therapy for Graves' Ophthalmopathy: When Is the Optimal Timing of Treatment and Evaluation.

Purpose: Despite the decades of using radiation therapy (RT) for Graves' ophthalmopathy, the effects and optimal timing remain unclear. We retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the overall efficacy and response, predictive factors, and the effective timing of RT by assessing steroid requirement after RT in patients without prior surgery.

Methods And Materials: Between 2008 and 2022, we analyzed 74 patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy who received RT to both orbits.

Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Patients With Periocular Malignant Melanoma in Korea.

Objective: To report the clinical features of 20 patients with malignant melanoma and to evaluate the survival and prognosis of patients with malignant melanoma in Korea.

Methods And Analysis: The medical records of 20 patients with malignant melanoma treated between March 2004 and March 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. The demographic data, clinical characteristics, and outcomes were also reviewed.

Nationwide trends in the incidence of orbital lymphoma from 1999 to 2016 in South Korea.

Background/aims: Lymphomas are the most frequent neoplasm of the orbit. However, the epidemiology of orbital lymphomas is not well reported. This study aimed to provide a population-based report on the epidemiology of orbital lymphomas and measure the trends in the incidence of orbital lymphoma cancer in South Korea.

Thermo and flex multi-functional array ionic sensor for a human adaptive device.

Recently, electronic skin that mimics human skin in measuring tactile stimuli, temperature, and humidity and having a self-healing function was developed. Furthermore, with the advances in the field of artificial intelligence and health monitoring, various materials and methods have been studied for e-skin. The limitations to work on actual human skin include device flexibility and large-area applications through array structures, and many studies are underway to overcome these problems.

Best practices on immunomodulators and biologic agents for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in Asia.

The Asia-Pacific Working Group on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was established in Cebu, Philippines, under the auspices of the Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology with the goal of improving IBD care in Asia. This consensus is carried out in collaboration with Asian Organization for Crohn's and Colitis. With biologic agents and biosimilars becoming more established, it is necessary to conduct a review on existing literature and establish a consensus on when and how to introduce biologic agents and biosimilars in the conjunction with conventional treatments for ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) in Asia.

Best practices on immunomodulators and biologic agents for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in Asia.

The Asia-Pacific Working Group on Inflammatory Bowel Disease was established in Cebu, Philippines, under the auspices of the Asia-Pacific Association of Gastroenterology with the goal of improving inflammatory bowel disease care in Asia. This consensus is carried out in collaboration with Asian Organization for Crohn's and Colitis. With biologic agents and biosimilars becoming more established, it is necessary to conduct a review on existing literature and establish a consensus on when and how to introduce biologic agents and biosimilars in conjunction with conventional treatments for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in Asia.

Clinical Results of Anti-adhesion Adjuvants after Endonasal Dacryocystorhinostomy.

Purpose: Various absorbable anti-adhesion agents have been used to prevent postoperative synechia formation after endonasal surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-adhesion effects of HyFence and Mediclore after endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) compared to a mixed solution of hyaluronic acid and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Guardix-Sol).

Methods: In this retrospective study, endonasal DCR and silicone tube intubation were performed on 198 eyes of 151 patients.

Optical properties of the crumpled pattern of selectively layered MoS.

Crumple-structured two-dimensional MoS was evaluated as an essential element for future optoelectronic and stretchable devices owing to its interesting optical properties. This Letter reports the characteristics of the crumpled structure of MoS directly layered on a MoS sheet by chemical vapor deposition. The crumpling structure is presented as a method for selectively layering MoS with crumpled layered patterning and tunable optical properties as a crumpled structure on a single substrate.

[Clinical Outcomes of Angiography and Transcatheter Arterial Embolization for Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Analyses according to Bleeding Sites and Embolization Types].

Background/aims: The clinical outcomes of angiography and transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for acute gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) have not been completely assessed, especially according to bleeding sites. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of angiography and safety of TAE in acute GIB.

Methods: This was a retrospective study evaluating the records of 321 patients with acute GIB who underwent angiography with or without TAE.

Grains in Selectively Grown MoS Thin Films.

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have recently been studied using various synthesis methods, such as chemical vapor deposition for large-scale production. Despite the realization of large-scale production with high material quality, a range of approaches have been made to solve the patterning issue of TMDCs focusing on the application of integrated devices; however, patterning is still under study to accurately represent nanoscale-sized patterns, as well as the desired positions and shapes. Here, an insulating substrate is treated selectively with O plasma, and MoS growth is induced in the superhydrophilic area.

Differences in clinical characteristics and prognosis of sudden low- and high-frequency hearing loss.

Objectives/hypothesis: We compared the clinical characteristics between acute low- and high-frequency hearing loss (LF and HF, respectively) patients, and the efficacy of three different treatment protocols (systemic steroids, intratympanic steroid injection, and combination therapy).

Study Design: Prospective, randomized controlled study.

Methods: A total of 111 patients diagnosed with LF or HF were treated on an outpatient basis.

[Second Korean Guidelines for the Management of Crohn's Disease].

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, progressive, and disabling inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with an uncertain etiopathogenesis. CD can involve any site of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus, and is associated with serious complications, such as bowel strictures, perforations, and fistula formation. The incidence and prevalence rates of CD in Korea are still lower compared with those in Western countries, but they have been rapidly increasing during the recent decades.

Analysis of treatment outcomes for primary tonsillar lymphoma.

Purpose: Although each Waldeyer's ring sub-site is considered an independent prognostic factor, few studies have assessed the prognosis and treatment of tonsillar lymphoma. Treatment outcomes were analyzed in patients with primary tonsillar lymphoma who were treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT).

Materials And Methods: Nineteen patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma were evaluated, with a median follow-up of 53 months.

Physicians Should Provide Shared Decision-Making for Anti-TNF Therapy to Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients.

Shared decision-making may increase the effectiveness of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment, as different anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) administrations may have different effects on the quality of life (QOL). Patient preference is integral to the selection of anti-TNFs and their routes of administration, however, previous studies on the patient preference to anti-TNFs are inconsistent and limited. We evaluated the predictive factors for preferences to anti-TNF administrations in IBD patients between March and August in 2015.

Efficacy and Safety of Infliximab Therapy and Predictors of Response in Korean Patients with Crohn's Disease: A Nationwide, Multicenter Study.

Purpose: Infliximab is currently used for the treatment of active Crohn's disease (CD). We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of infliximab therapy and to determine the predictors of response in Korean patients with CD.

Materials And Methods: A total of 317 patients who received at least one infliximab infusion for active luminal CD (n=198) and fistulizing CD (n=86) or both (n=33) were reviewed retrospectively in 29 Korean referral centers.

The Relationship between Visual Impairment and Health-Related Quality of Life in Korean Adults: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008-2012).

Introduction: To evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Korean adults with visual impairment(VI) using various measures based on a nationally distributed sample.

Methods: Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2008-2012) data, we compared EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D) and EQ-visual analogue scale (VAS) scores after adjusting for socio-demographic and psychosocial factors as well as for comorbidities with VI. Logistic regressions were used to elucidate determinants for the lowest quintile HRQoL scales according to VI severity.

Influence of post-annealing on the off current of MoS2 field-effect transistors.

Two-dimensional materials have recently been spotlighted, due to their unique properties in comparison with conventional bulk and thin-film materials. Among those materials, MoS2 is one of the promising candidates for the active layer of electronic devices because it shows high electron mobility and pristine band gap. In this paper, we focus on the evolution of the electrical property of the MoS2 field-effect transistor (FET) as a function of post-annealing temperature.

Suggestion of response evaluation criteria in patients with ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (OAML).

Ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (OAML) has been recognized as most common primary orbital malignancy. However, little was known about the response criteria for OAML. Our aim was to suggest response criteria for nonconjunctival OAML; the response evaluation of which using the conventional response criteria is inappropriate.

Usefulness of C-reactive protein as a disease activity marker in Crohn's disease according to the location of disease.

Background/aims: C-reactive protein (CRP) is a serologic activity marker in Crohn's disease (CD), but it may be less useful in evaluating CD activity in ileal CD patients. We aimed to investigate the usefulness of CRP as a disease activity marker in CD according to disease location.

Methods: Korean CD patients in a single hospital were evaluated.

Persistent dysphonia after laryngomicrosurgery for benign vocal fold disease.

Objectives: Laryngomicrosurgery (LMS) is used to manage most vocal fold lesions. However, the functional voice outcome of the LMS might be diverse due to the influence of various factors. We intend to evaluate the incidence and etiologic factors of persistent dysphonia after LMS for benign vocal fold disease (BVFD).

[A case of a perivascular epithelioid cell tumor mimicking colon cancer].

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is extremely rare, which originated from mesenchymal cells in the intestine, and composed of histologically and immunohistochemically distinctive perivascular epithelioid cells. We report here on a case of PEComa in the sigmoid colon. A 62-year-old woman presented with hematochzia 10 days ago.

Radiotherapy with or without surgery for patients with idiopathic sclerosing orbital inflammation refractory or intolerant to steroid therapy.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of patients with idiopathic sclerosing orbital inflammation (ISOI) treated with radiotherapy with or without surgery.

Methods And Materials: We retrospectively reviewed 22 patients with histopathologically confirmed ISOI who had been refractory or intolerant to steroid therapy and treated with radiation with or without surgery. The radiation dose ranged from 20 to 40 Gy (median, 20 Gy) at 2 Gy per fraction.