Comparative and retrospective evaluation of the predictive performance of optic nerve sheath thickness and optic nerve sheath diameter for traumatic brain injury using facial computed tomography.

Objective: To evaluate the predictive performance of optic nerve sheath thickness (ONST) on the outcomes of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to compare the inter-observer agreement To evaluate the predictive performance of optic nerve sheath thickness (ONST) for traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to compare the predictive performance and inter-observer agreement between ONST and optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) on facial computed tomography (CT).

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled patients with a history of facial trauma and who underwent both facial CT and brain CT. Two reviewers independently measured ONST and ONSD of each patient using facial CT images.

Massive Bleeding From Inferior Mesenteric Vein With Hypovolemic Shock: A Rare Complication of Acute Pancreatitis.

Background: Acute pancreatitis may cause massive intra-abdominal bleeding as vascular complications caused by the erosion of a major pancreatic or peripancreatic vessel. In terms of treatment, the differentiation between arterial bleeding and venous bleeding using abdominal computed tomography (CT) angiography is important. In addition, hypovolemic shock caused by bleeding from the inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) in acute pancreatitis has not been reported.

Air pollutants and atmospheric pressure increased risk of ED visit for spontaneous pneumothorax.

Objective: To investigate the impact of short-term exposure to air pollutants and meteorological variation on ED visits for primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP).

Material And Methods: We retrospectively identified PSP cases that presented at the ED of our tertiary center between January 2015 and September 2016. We classified the days into three types: no PSP day (0 case/day), sporadic days (1-2 cases/day), and cluster days (PSP, ≥3 cases/day).

Utility of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) as a Predictor of Acute Infarction in New-Onset Acute Vertigo Patients Without Neurologic and Computed Tomography Abnormalities.

Background: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been used as a predictive marker for various conditions. However, there are no previous studies about NLR as a prognostic marker for acute infarction.

Objective: To evaluate the potential utility of NLR as a predictor of acute infarction in acute vertigo patients without neurologic and computed tomography (CT) abnormalities.

Intentional cyanoacrylate ingestion: A rare cause of delayed gastric perforation requiring gastric wedge resection.

Cyanoacrylate (LOCTITE® 401™) is a fast-acting adhesive available nationwide, with medical and household uses. Most cases of cyanoacrylate exposure are accidental and occur in children less than 5years old. Various routes of exposure have been reported including the dermal, oral, ocular, otic, nasal, and urethral routes; however, very few result in serious complication and mortality.

Taking varenicline for smoking cessation: A rare cause of pulmonary thromboembolism with infarction.

Varenicline (Champix®, Chantix®) is a partial agonist of the α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) and a full agonist of the α7 nAChR. It has been used for smoking cessation since 2006. Varenicline has been associated with adverse cardiovascular (CV) events, including myocardial infarction, which may be caused by activation of the α7 nAChR receptor that in turn stimulates parasympathetic output from the brainstem to the heart, release of catecholamines, and has a prothrombotic effect.

Brain Computed Tomography Compared with Facial 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography for Diagnosis of Facial Fractures.

Objectives: To compare the detection of facial fractures and radiation dose between brain computed tomography (CT) and facial 3-dimensional (3D) CT in pediatric patients who have experienced a trauma.

Study Design: Four hundred pediatric patients who experienced a trauma and underwent immediate brain CT and facial 3D CT between January 2016 and June 2016 were included in this retrospective study. Two reviewers independently analyzed and determined the presence of the facial fractures of 8 anatomic regions based on brain CT and facial 3D CT over a 1-week interval.

Acute Type A Aortic Dissection in a 37-Week Pregnant Patient: An Unusual Clinical Presentation.

Background: Aortic dissection in pregnancy is relatively rare, but it is often fatal. The estimated incidence of aortic dissection in the general population is 2.9 per 100,000 person-years.