Thermal Insulation Performance of Aerogel Nano-Porous Materials: Characterization and Test Methods.

Due to the extremely high porosity and extremely low density of nano-porous thermal insulation materials, the characteristic size of the pores inside the materials and the characteristic size of the solid skeleton structure are on the nanometer scale, which leads to the obvious nanoscale effect of the heat transfer law inside the aerogel materials. Therefore, the nanoscale heat transfer characteristics inside the aerogel materials and the existing mathematical models for calculating the thermal conductivity of various heat transfer modes at the nanoscale need to be summarized in detail. Moreover, in order to verify the accuracy of the thermal conductivity calculation model of aerogel nano-porous materials, correct experimental data are required to modify the model.

Numerical Study of the Influence of Coupling Interface Emissivity on Aerogel Metal Thermal Protection Performance.

For aerogels in metal thermal protection system (MTPS), radiative heat transfer will participate in the thermal transport process. Therefore, the influence of the emissivity of the coupling interface between metal and aerogels on thermal insulation performance is considered an important research focus. In this paper, CFD numerical simulation is performed to study the influence of emissivity on the performance with different extinction coefficients at different boundary temperatures.

OsWUS promotes tiller bud growth by establishing weak apical dominance in rice.

Two branching strategies are exhibited in crops: enhanced apical dominance, as in maize; or weak apical dominance, as in rice. However, the underlying mechanism of weak apical dominance remains elusive. OsWUS, an ortholog of Arabidopsis WUSCHEL (WUS) in rice, is required for tiller development.

OsMAPK6, a mitogen-activated protein kinase, influences rice grain size and biomass production.

Grain size is an important agronomic trait in determining grain yield. However, the molecular mechanisms that determine the final grain size are not well understood. Here, we report the functional analysis of a rice (Oryza sativa L.