Role of artificial intelligence and machine learning in the diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease.

Introduction: Cerebrovascular diseases are known to cause significant morbidity and mortality to the general population. In patients with cerebrovascular disease, prompt clinical evaluation and radiographic interpretation are both essential in optimizing clinical management and in triaging patients for critical and potentially life-saving neurosurgical interventions. With recent advancements in the domains of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), many AI and ML algorithms have been developed to further optimize the diagnosis and subsequent management of cerebrovascular disease.

In-Hospital Amantadine Does Not Improve Outcomes After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: An 11-Year Propensity-Matched Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Disruption of dopamine neurotransmission is associated with functional impairment after severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). This has prompted the study of dopamine agonists, such as amantadine, to assist recovery of consciousness. Randomized trials have mostly addressed the posthospital setting, with inconsistent findings.

Predicting traumatic brain injury outcomes using a posterior dominant rhythm.

Objective: Predicting severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) outcomes is challenging, and existing models have limited applicability to individual patients. This study aimed to identify metrics that could predict recovery following sTBI. The researchers strived to demonstrate that a posterior dominant rhythm on electroencephalography is strongly associated with positive outcomes and to develop a novel machine learning-based model that accurately forecasts the return of consciousness.

Prioritization of social information by the basolateral amygdala in rats.

The amygdala is a collection of nuclei that support adaptive social behavior and are implicated in disorders such as autism. The basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA), a main subdivision of the amygdala, influences fear responses, motivated behavior, and memory of emotional events via its communication with other amygdalar nuclei and with other brain regions such as the prefrontal cortex, striatum, and hippocampus. The specific role of the BLA in responses to social stimuli is less clear.